Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Bacterial cellulose (BC) has recently attained greater interest in various research fields, including drug delivery for biomedical applications. BC has been studied in the field of drug delivery, such as tablet coating, controlled release systems and prodrug design. OBJECTIVE:In the current work, we tested the feasibility of BC as a drug carrier in microparticulate form for potential pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. METHODS:For this purpose, drug-loaded BC microparticles were prepared by simple grinding and injection moulding method through regeneration. Model drugs, i.e., cloxacillin (CLX) and cefuroxime (CEF) sodium salts were loaded in these microparticles to assess their drug loading and release properties. The prepared microparticles were evaluated in terms of particle shapes, drug loading efficiency, physical state of the loaded drug, drug release behaviour and antibacterial properties. RESULTS:The BC microparticles were converted to partially amorphous state after regeneration. Moreover, the loaded drug was transformed into the amorphous state. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that microparticles had almost spherical shape with a size of ca. 350-400 μm. The microparticles treated with higher drug concentration (3%) exhibited higher drug loading. Keeping drug concertation constant, i.e., 1%, the regenerated BC (RBC) microparticles showed higher drug loading (i.e., 37.57±0.22% for CEF and 33.36±3.03% for CLX) as compared to as-synthesized BC (ABC) microparticles (i.e., 9.46±1.30% for CEF and 9.84±1.26% for CLX). All formulations showed immediate drug release, wherein more than 85% drug was released in the initial 30 min. Moreover, such microparticles exhibited good antibacterial activity with larger zones of inhibition for drug loaded RBC microparticles as compared to corresponding ABC microparticles. CONCLUSION:Drug loaded BC microparticles with immediate release behaviour and antibacterial activity were fabricated. Such functionalized microparticles may find potential biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Ullah H,Badshah M,Correia A,Wahid F,Santos HA,Khan Tdoi
10.2174/1381612825666191011103851subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
3692-3701issue
34eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-101355journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The HERC family contains six members from HERC1 to HERC6 that are featured with the HECT domains that exerts ubiquitin ligase activity and the RCC1-like domains that are involved in cell cycle regulation. Although identified as early as 1990s, their biological functions are extensively studied in recent year...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180528081024
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemotherapy is one of the most frequently employed and reliable treatment options for the management of a variety of cancers. Taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel and cabazitaxel) are frequently prescribed to treat breast cancer, hormone refractory prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer. Most of the...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160524144926
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psoriasis is an immune-mediated, chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease, prevalent worldwide, and represents an important burden in life quality of patients. The most common clinical variant is termed as psoriasis vulgaris or plaque psoriasis, which with an individualized and carefully monitored therapy can d...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190618122024
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been shown to have beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease prognosis and therapy.Discovery of (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] revealed that (P)RR upon binding to both renin or prorenin in their proenzyme inactive form made them enzymatically active, thus aiding the...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990472
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors, each one individually associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Treatment of all components of MetS is expected to result in reduced risk. Treatment of MetS mainly includes lifestyle changes. In addition, drug therapy may be considered, especially co...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209789105054
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic smoking is associated with functional and structural vascular changes underlying inflammatory processes responsible for plaque formation and rupture. Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the key enzyme linking smoking action to inflammatory damages: it is responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids, a...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161210792062902
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of protein 3D structures without function annotation in Protein Data Bank (PDB) has been steadily increased. Many of these proteins are relevant for Pharmaceutical Design because they may be enzymes of different classes that could become drug targets. This fact has led in turn to an increment of demand for ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161210792389207
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gut microbiota plays significant roles in the human body during all spheres' of life and influences innate immunity, promotes granulocyte signaling and provides resistance during pathogenic colonization of the gut; crucial for a healthy life. Antibiotics directly affect the gut microbiota that consequently alters ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666171227221731
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Targeted therapy is the foundation of personalized medicine in cancer, which is often understood as the right patient using the right drug. Thinking from the viewpoint of determinants during personalized drug treatment, the genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics would provide individual-specific biological ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666181106102111
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While it is well documented that the mitogenic actions of estrogens are critical in the development and progression of human breast and some gynecologic cancers, only latest data demonstrate a crucial involvement of estrogen-signaling in the carcinogenesis of non-classical estrogen target tissues, as colon, prostate, ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212800626139
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) are specialized for immune suppression and are important regulators of the immune response in various settings. Tregs actively suppress enteroantigen-reactive cells and contribute to the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis. Distinct Treg subsets coexist in the intestinal mucos...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209787846784
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In various metabolic diseases, both the coronary circulation and cardiac metabolism are altered. Here we summarize the effects of a condition called hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) - which can develop due to genetic and/or environmental causes - on the function of coronary microvessels and heart. This metabolic disease is...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180625125450
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are involved in different physiological and pathological processes that are crucial for tumor cell physiology, growth and survival. Since cancer cells have frequently disrupted different cell death pathways that promote their survival, mitochondria may be key organelles to promote cell death in cancer cel...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211796904803
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The emerging evidence has recently shown an evident dependence between recently identified salusin peptides and atherosclerosis, and their important roles as endogenous modulators of atherogenesis. It was reported that the development of atherosclerosis could also be affected by endogenous salusin- β overproduc...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180607124531
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) are observed in 0,1-0,4% of the paediatric population and represent an important clinical problem with related significant health and social issues. Most tachycardias are paroxysmal, being associated with sudden onset and termination, and only a relatively small number of them is p...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208784007761
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is the fourth most frequent retinal disorder in terms of prevalence. It typically occurs in young subjects and affects men more often than women. CSC is characterized by serous retinal detachment (SRD) involving mainly the macular area. The clinical course is usually se...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190123165914
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carvedilol is a nonselective β-blocker with α1-adrenergic blocking and antioxidant properties. A number of preclinical experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated that carvedilol provides prominent benefit in heart failure. However, less research has been done in the area of animal models of viral myocarditis. T...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212799958530
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of ocular pathologies are for topical administration. However, this kind of ophthalmic formulations has disadvantages such as low bioavailability and, consequently, a reduced therapeutic effect. This happens due to the anatomical and physiological specifici...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150923095155
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypericin is a naturally occurring substance found in the common St. John's Wort (Hypericum species) and can also be synthesized from the anthraquinone derivative emodin. As the main component of Hypericum perforatum, it has traditionally been used throughout the history of folk medicine. In the last three decades, hy...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612053382287
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the simple paradigm of adipose tissue as merely a fat store is rapidly evolving into a complex paradigm of this tissue as multipotential secretory organ, partitioned into a few large depots, including visceral and subcutaneous location, and many small depots, associated with a variety of organs in the...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612033455152
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a strong rationale for usage of anti-angiogenic agents in epithelial ovarian cancer. Bevacizumab is the most widely investigated anti-VEGF agent and has shown promising results in recent clinical trials. OBJECTIVE:To review the rationale and usage of bevacizumab in advanced epithelial ovarian cance...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138161212802002689
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization, is a newly emerging zoonotic agent that emerged in China in December 2019. No specific treatment for COVID-19 is currently available. Usual palliative treatment includes ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200707121636
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational modification of histones is a primary mechanism through which epigenetic regulation of DNA transcription does occur. Among these modifications, regulation of histone acetylation state is an important tool to influence gene expression. Epigenetic regulation of neurodevelopment contributes to the stru...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612811319280003
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the limited evidence about the effect of micronutrient supplementation on the semen quality, many micronutrient supplements have been used to improve male fertility. Approximately, 40%-50% of male infertility cases in general and up to 80% in men with idiopathic infertility cases are caused by oxidat...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200415173537
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a multi-functional cytokine that regulates a variety of signaling pathways implicated in inflammation, immunity, cell death (apoptosis), cell survival (anti-apoptosis), and even tumorigenesis. TNF-α is predominantly produced by macrophages (or Kupffer cells within the liver), but...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990587
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ablation has become an important treatment for many pediatric patients with common supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs). Many multicenter studies have documented that radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation is a safe and effective procedure for treatment of a large variety of SVTs in children and adults with a high succ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208784007680
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ulinastatin (UTI) plays the beneficial roles in modifying cerebral ischemic injury evoked by cardiac arrest (CA). XueBiJing (XBJ), comprised of extracts from Chinese herbals, has been used for the treatment of sepsis and ischemic disorders linked to multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. The current study was...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190206224134
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV/AIDS pandemic continues its spread at a rate of over 15,000 new infections every day. Sexual transmission of HIV-1 is the dominant mode of this pandemic spread. For the first time since the disease emerged in the early 1980s, about half the 42 million people now living with HIV/AIDS worldwide are women. Worldw...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612043386374
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insight is provided herein into the novel mechanisms of cardiometabolic risk. Previous reports, including the epidemiological work of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor study, indicated that proinflammatory state and oxidative stress are crucial for evaluating cardiometabolic risk. Autoimmune pathways in the course of oxid...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161282004140213145551
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nesfatin-1, derived from the precursor NEFA/nucleobindin2 (NUCB2), was initially identified as a feeding-suppressing neuropeptide, acting at central (mainly, hypothalamic) levels in a leptin-independent manner. However, recent experimental evidence strongly suggests that, rather than being a simple anorectic hypothala...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161281939131127142531
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00