Abstract：
:In the present study, microbial community responses to exposure to unweathered Macondo Well crude oil and conventional diesel in a sandy beach environment were determined. Biodegradation was assessed in mesocosm experiments with differing fuel amounts (2,000 and 4,000 mg/kg) and with or without inorganic nutrient amendment. Carbon dioxide production was measured daily for 42 d. Aerobic alkane, total hydrocarbon, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degraders were enumerated in treated and control mesocosms and changes in their abundances were measured weekly. Hydrocarbon mineralization occurred in all treatments. In the inorganic nutrient-amended treatments, the degradation rates were 2.31 and 2.00 times greater in the 2,000 mg/kg diesel and crude oil treatments, respectively, and 3.52 (diesel) and 4.14 (crude) times higher for the fuel types at the 4,000 mg/kg fuel concentrations compared to unamended treatments. Microbial lag phases were short (<3 d) and alkane and total hydrocarbon degrader numbers increased by five orders of magnitude compared to the uncontaminated treatments within 7 d in most treatments. Hydrocarbon degrader numbers in diesel and in crude oil treatments were similar; however, the PAH degraders were more abundant in the crude oil relative to diesel treatment. These findings indicate that hydrocarbon degradation by extant microbial populations in the northern Gulf of Mexico sandy beach environments can be stimulated and enhanced by inorganic nutrient addition.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Horel A,Mortazavi B,Sobecky PAdoi
10.1002/etc.1770subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
1004-11issue
5eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Potential differences in species susceptibility to nanoparticle (NP) contaminants make the use of multispecies community toxicity testing strategies beneficial in understanding NP risk to aquatic environments. Because of the limited knowledge of zinc oxide (ZnO) NP fate and toxicity, we conducted multispecies exposure...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4349
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various statistical tests on concentration data serve to support decision-making regarding characterization and monitoring of contaminated media, assessing exposure to a chemical, and quantifying the associated risks. However, the routine statistical protocols cannot be directly applied because of challenges arising f...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.4046
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some toxicology research in which toxicant exposures are continual (pulsed) rather than continuous have been reported. A number of toxicity models have been developed for pulsed and continuous exposures. Most of these models were developed based on one- or two-compartment, first-order toxicokinetics and were calibrate...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-081r.1
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two analytical methods were developed for the determination of 48 organic compounds and 20 of their main by-products in fish matrices. The targeted compounds belong to various chemical classes of metabolizable (phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, insecticides [pyrethroids and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide]) and...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4500
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deposit-feeders may be important in facilitating the removal of organic contaminants from bulk sediment. The relationship between uptake route (water vs sediment), depuration and toxicity was investigated in the deposit-feeding polychaete Capitella species I. Individual worms were exposed either to dissolved (i.e., < ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/02-271
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present work was to study the effect of Cd2+ exposure on metallothionein (MT) induction and on the distribution of metals (Cd, Cu, and Zn) in the terrestrial pulmonate Helix aspersa. In particular, the soluble and nonsoluble pools of the accumulated metals and their tissue distribution in uncontaminated...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-232.1
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A population of western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) living below a wastewater treatment plant in the vicinity of Birmingham (AL, USA) was studied for evidence of exposure to estrogens. Mosquitofish are sexually dimorphic live-bearing fish. Males have an elongated and modified anal fin, called a gonopodium, used in...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study evaluated the effects of field metal contamination on sperm motility and the RNA/DNA ratio in echinoderms. Populations of Asterias rubens and Echinus acutus that occur naturally along a contamination gradient of sediments by cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in a Norwegian fjord (the Sørfjord) were stu...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-402
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uptake and toxicity of Ni-Co mixtures in Enchytraeus crypticus were determined after 4 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d exposure. Generally, body concentrations of Ni and Co increased with increasing exposure concentrations. Ni body concentration was significantly reduced in the presence of Co, whereas Ni only marginally affect...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2802
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ivory gull Pagophila eburnea is a high-Arctic species threatened by climate change and contaminants. The objective of the present study was to assess spatial variation of contaminant levels (organochlorines [OCs], brominated flame retardants [BFRs], perfluorinated alkyl substances [PFASs], and mercury [Hg]) in ivo...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2935
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combined effect of a chemical (fluoranthene) and a nonchemical stress (reduced soil moisture content) to the widely distributed earthworm Lumbricus rubellus were investigated in a laboratory study. Neither fluoranthene (up to 500 microg/g) nor low soil moisture (15% below optimal) had a significant effect on the s...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-187.1
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work, susceptibility to oxidative stress was analyzed under laboratory conditions in the European eel Anguilla anguilla. Eels were treated with increasing concentrations of benchmark environmental pollutants, namely, benzo[a]pyrene ([BaP], at 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 50 mg/kg), beta-naphthoflavone ([BNF], at 0, 0.1,...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/02-378
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of a terrestrial biotic ligand model (TBLM) for higher plants requires a root-Cu accumulation value that corresponds to the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). However, it is not yet known which of the two previously reported Cu-binding ligands on the root is associated with Cu toxicity. The aim of the pr...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-641R.1
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stenotrophomonas sp. CD02 was isolated from a site that previously had been contaminated with high concentrations of the heavy metals cadmium (3 mg kg(-1)) and chromium (115 mg kg(-1)). This strain was able to grow on complex (Luria Bertani) medium containing high concentrations of cadmium ion (up to 4 mM). Additional...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-280r.1
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute 96-h ammonia toxicity to three-month-old juvenile mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea) was evaluated in four treatments (water-only, water-only with feeding, water and soil, and water and sand) using an exposure unit designed to maintain consistent pH and ammonia concentrations in overlying water and in pore water su...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.259
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ecotoxicology research on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures has focused principally on short-term effects on reproduction, growth, and other physiological endpoints. Latent cognitive effects from early life exposure to low-level PCBs were examined in an avian model, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Thir...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3084
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and herbicides are important contaminants of world water systems with effects on aquatic organisms. The uptake of naphthalene, anthracene, and chrysene by gills of the bivalve mollusk Elliptio complanata was determined. Additionally, the effects of paraquat, atrazine, alachlor, ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sediment-quality assessment often is hindered by the lack of agreement between chemical and biological lines of evidence. One limitation is that the bulk sediment toxicant concentration, the most widely used chemical parameter, does not always represent the bioavailable concentration, particularly for hydrophobic orga...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-322R.1
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current pesticide risk assessment does not specifically consider amphibians. Amphibians in the aquatic environment (aquatic life stages or postmetamorphic aquatic amphibians) and terrestrial living juvenile or adult amphibians are assumed to be covered by the risk assessment for aquatic invertebrates and fish, or mamm...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.650
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of the ecotoxicity of different short aliphatic protic ionic liquids (PILs) on terrestrial organisms was conducted. Tests performed within the present study include those assessing the effects of PILs on soil microbial functions (carbon and nitrogen mineralization) and terrestrial plants. The results show that...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.683
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Chemical Aquatic Fate and Effects (CAFE) database is a centralized repository that allows for rapid and unrestricted access to data. Information in CAFE is integrated into a user-friendly tool with modules containing fate and effects data for 32 377 and 4498 chemicals, respectively. Toxicity data are summarized in...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3289
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excess selenium (Se) in the aquatic food chain is embryotoxic and teratogenic to avocets, stilts, and other waterbirds. American avocet (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus) eggs were collected from three sites in the Tulare Lake Basin of California, USA, and hatched in the laboratory...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To find the connections between microcystins and the phytoplankton community, coupled with environmental factors, we investigated 2 cyanobacteria blooming lakes, Lake Taihu (at the center of the Yangtze River Delta, eastern China) and Lake Yanghe (near Qinhuangdao City, northern China). Two years of data, including wa...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4188
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developing and validating quantitative cationic-activity relationships or (Q)CARs to predict the toxicity metals is challenging because of issues associated with metal speciation, complexation and interactions within biological systems and the media used to study these interactions. However, a number of simplifying as...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1897/02-568
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A battery of biomarkers is often used to evaluate the effects of exposure to chemical contaminants and detect responses to environmental stress. Unfortunately, field application of biomarkers is subject to various constraints (e.g., the availability of living material) that can limit data acquisition and prevent the u...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of the fish species tested in chronic Ni exposures, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the most sensitive. To develop additional Ni toxicity data and to investigate the toxic mode of action for Ni, we conducted acute (96-h) and chronic (85-d early life-stage) flow-through studies using rainbow trout. In addition t...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-38
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dispersion of clothianidin from treated seeds was studied in a commercial winter canola field. During planting, using a John Deere 1890 single disk air seeder, a proportion, an estimated 14.2 ± 2.9% (mean ± standard error), of the clothianidin that was applied to the seed escaped into the atmosphere from the seede...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4892
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A modeling study was conducted to examine the distribution of concentrations of the antimicrobial triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether) in rivers following discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Most uses of triclosan are disposed of down residential drains and ultimately reach WWTPs. A mo...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current regulation of metals in soils is based on total metal concentrations rather than on actual exposure concentrations. Considering the extreme variation in soil physicochemical properties, total concentrations are not reflective of the availability and resultant toxicity of metals in different soils. In this stud...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A dynamic, segmented, multimedia fate and transport model has been developed, evaluated, and applied to gain insight regarding the behavior of seven polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in the Inner Oslofjord (Norway). A comparison with a dated sediment core reveals that the model is not capable of reproducing som...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-343
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
