Abstract:
:Ecotoxicology research on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures has focused principally on short-term effects on reproduction, growth, and other physiological endpoints. Latent cognitive effects from early life exposure to low-level PCBs were examined in an avian model, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Thirty-six birds, divided equally among 4 treatment groups (control = 0 µg, low = 0.35 µg, intermediate = 0.70 µg, and high = 1.05 µg Aroclor 1254/g body weight), were dosed 1 d through 18 d posthatch, then tested 8 mo to 9 mo later in captivity in an analog to an open radial arm maze. Birds were subject to 4 sequential experiments: habituation, learning, cue selection, and memory. One-half of the birds did not habituate to the test cage; however, this was not linked to a treatment group. Although 11 of the remaining 18 birds successfully learned, only 1 was from the high-dosed group. Control and low-dosed birds were among the only treatment groups to improve trial times throughout the learning experiment. High-dosed birds were slower and more error-prone than controls. Cue selection (spatial or color cues) and memory retention were not affected by prior PCB exposure. The results indicate that a reduction in spatial learning ability persists among birds exposed to Aroclor 1254 during development. This may have implications for migration ability, resource acquisition, and other behaviors relevant for fitness.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Zahara AR,Michel NL,Flahr LM,Ejack LE,Morrissey CAdoi
10.1002/etc.3084subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-01 00:00:00pages
2513-22issue
11eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A method is presented for developing scientifically defensible, numeric guidelines for residual petroleum-related constituents, specifically monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in the water column. The guidelines are equivalent to a HC5 (i.e., hazard concentration to 5%...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/08-271.1
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metal pollution has been increasing rapidly over the past century, and at the same time, the human population has continued to rise and produce contaminants that may negatively impact pollinators. Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) forage over large areas and can collect contaminants from the environment. The primary obje...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3273
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to investigate whether or not chronic exposure to Chornobyl radiation poses a molecular genetic risk to mammals by examining a relatively rapidly evolving genetic system, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). More mtDNA mutations (approximately 19%) and an increase in mtDNA heteroplasmy (approximately 5%)...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paucity of information on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment in African countries led the authors to investigate 8 acidic pharmaceuticals (4 antipyretics, 3 antibiotics, and 1 lipid regulator) in wastewater, surface water, and sediments from the Msunduzi River in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, So...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3144
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first of seven papers resulting from a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) international workshop titled "The Influence of Global Climate Change on the Scientific Foundations and Applications of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry." The workshop involved 36 scientists from 11 count...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.2037
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methods are presented for selecting values of chemical properties of vapor pressure, water solubility, Henry's law constant, and octanol-water and octanol-air partition coefficients, which are subject to thermodynamic constraints, while taking advantage of all measurements. The aim of the mathematical procedures is to...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing and validating quantitative cationic-activity relationships or (Q)CARs to predict the toxicity metals is challenging because of issues associated with metal speciation, complexation and interactions within biological systems and the media used to study these interactions. However, a number of simplifying as...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1897/02-568
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 1-compartment toxicokinetic model is used to characterize the chemical exposure toxicity space (CETS), providing a novel graphic tool that can aid in the design of aquatic toxicity tests for fish and for interpreting their results. The graph depicts the solution to the differential equation describing the uptake kin...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3668
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipid-lowering agents bezafibrate and clofibric acid, which occur at concentrations up to 3.1 and 1.6 microg/L, respectively, are among the most frequently found human pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. In contrast to knowledge about their environmental occurrence, little is known about their effects in t...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-087.1
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute toxicity of photoactivated anthracene and pyrene to the glochidial larvae of the paper pondshell (Utterbackia imbecillis) was characterized in the laboratory using two sets of experiments. Acute toxicity tests designed to determine the overall sensitivity of glochidia to anthracene and pyrene were conducted ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) and its degradation products are important contaminants of world water systems and have effects on aquatic life. These effects are modulated by the degradation of atrazine, which depends, in part, on its reactivity with soil minerals. We have studied the deg...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/04-248r.1
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mab-3 of Caenorhabditis elegans and doublesex of Drosophila are two sex-determining genes that are found to have only a common DNA binding motif called a doublesex and mab-3 (DM) domain among phyla. The DM domain regulates some aspects of sexual development such as yolk protein synthesis. In the present study, by ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/07-067.1
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailable arsenic (As) content of contaminated soils was determined by joint analyses of acid-soluble, total water-soluble, and biovailable As by using a luminescent bacterial sensor, Escherichia coli MC1061(pTOO31). According to the results of this study, a significant positive correlation was found between th...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aquatic organisms can take up toxicants from water (aqueous exposure) and from food (dietary exposure), yet current environmental regulations often fail to consider the toxic effects of dietary exposure. Such unrealistic exposure scenarios may lead to ineffective water-quality standards or discharge consents that fail...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/05-316r1.1
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atmospherically deposited contaminants in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA have been implicated as adversely affecting amphibians and fish, yet little is known about the distributions of contaminants within the mountains, particularly at high elevation. The hypothesis that contaminant concentrations in a...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.139
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anion perchlorate (ClO4-) is an oxidizing component commonly used in solid propellants for rockets and missiles; in explosives, flares, fireworks, chemical processes, and automobile air-bag inflators; and for other assorted uses. With recent advances in analytical detection capability, perchlorate has been found i...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1897/02-648
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the potential interaction of pesticide effect and predatory fish on behavior and mortality of a stream mayfly. Experiments in laboratory stream microcosms compared the activity, drift, and mortality of Baetis mayfly nymphs in the absence of fish with that in the presence of Cape galaxias (Galaxias zebratu...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<2537:ceopfa>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the interactions of flight, fasting, and 1,1,1-trichloro-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT) loading on residue metabolism and distribution in recently exposed white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys). Female sparrows were dosed with 5 mg p,p'-DDT per kg body weight over 3 d. Following 1 d...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.730
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In risk assessment of aquatic sediments, much attention is paid to the immobilizing effect of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) on trace metals. The difference of AVS and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) gives an indication of metal availability. In floodplain sediments, where changing redox conditions occur, AVS may p...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nanoparticles of TiO2, ZrO2, AL2O3, CeO2, fullerene (C60), single-walled carbon nanotubes, and polymethylmethacrylate were tested for ecotoxic effects using one or more ecotoxicity endpoints: Microtox (bacteria), pulse-amplitude modulation (algae), Chydotox (crustaceans), and Biolog (soil enzymes). No appreciable effe...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/07-509.1
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The scientific consensus model USEtox® has been developed since 2003 under the auspices of the United Nations Environment Programme-Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Life Cycle Initiative as a harmonized approach for characterizing human and freshwater toxicity in life cycle assessment and other compar...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3903
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of the cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) enzyme system in fish is a common biomarker of exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons. Induction of CYP1A can be measured at a number of steps in the transcription-translation-functional protein pathway using a variety of techniques. The present study examined the range of these m...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/07-039r.1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We raised embryos and tadpoles of green frogs (Rana clamitans melanota) and leopard frogs (R. pipiens) in situ along a contamination gradient in the Fox River/Green Bay ecosystem (WI, USA). Differences in exposure were reflected by significant positive regressions between concentrations in sediment and in frogs of pol...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/04-213r.1
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aims at investigating the effects of Zn, Ca, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the waterborne Cd bioaccumulation of a freshwater bivalve (Dreissena polymorpha). Mussels were exposed for 48 h at 3 µg/L of Cd in different media. Their physiological activities were assessed by separately measuring t...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.287
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic organic chemicals are present in environmental compartments as complex mixtures and therefore their potential effects are difficult to predict. In this study, in vitro bioassays using wild-type fish and rat hepatoma cell lines and their corresponding recombinant cell systems were used to evaluate 2,3,7,8-tet...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With increasing application and commercial production, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) will inevitably be released into aquatic environments and affect the transport and toxicity of toxic metals in ecosystems. The present study examined how CNTs affected the biokinetics and toxicity of a toxic metal, cadmium (Cd), in the fres...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3122
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mining of the world's second-largest nickel deposits in the area of Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, has caused acidification and metal saturation of some catchments. We conducted artificial stream studies in the years 2001 and 2002 to assess the effects of treated metal mine effluents (MMEs) from three different mining oper...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/04-116r.1
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major components of wastes from municipal gas plants and many wood preservatives. Soil contaminated with these wastes is a potential threat to human health because of the carcinogenicity of many PAHs. This study follows the fate of two four-ring PAHs, pyrene and chrysene, in...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of seasonal changes in water conditions and parameters on several major pharmacologically active compounds (PhACs) and s-triazine herbicides was assessed in the wastewater and sewage treatment plant (WSTP) effluent as well as the downstream surface water from sites on the Canadian side of the upper Detro...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/05-571r.1
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hybrid model based on the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and the health risk assessment model for assessing risks associated with sources of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water was established and applied at Dianchi Lake to test its applicability. The new method contains 2 stages: 1) the sources of...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3955
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00