Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:To examine whether the free swimming initiative in Bristol was associated with higher uptake in more affluent areas ('inverse use law'). STUDY DESIGN:Secondary analysis of statistical data on free swimming session attendances in Bristol, recorded from January to June 2010. Individual postcode data were linked to lower-layer super output area (LSOA) of residence and the specific pool attended. METHODS:The dataset comprised 58,582 swims by 13,881 unique individuals between January and June 2010. The influence of age group, gender, season, distance from pool and area deprivation score (English Index of Multiple Deprivation) on swimming uptake rates was examined. RESULTS:Higher uptake rates were found amongst girls and older children. Higher attendance was also related to proximity to pool and warmer season. No association was found between area deprivation and uptake rate (P = 0.31). Lower uptake rates in deprived areas were more marked if they were further away from a pool and in the winter season (P-value for interactions <0.001). CONCLUSIONS:The termination of the free swimming initiative in England may have removed an opportunity to promote physical activity across the social gradient. The evaluation of public health initiatives should examine effects across the social gradient, and clarify which aspects of interventions enhance the participation of poorer sections of society.
journal_name
Public Healthjournal_title
Public healthauthors
Audrey S,Wheeler BW,Mills J,Ben-Shlomo Ydoi
10.1016/j.puhe.2012.07.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-11-01 00:00:00pages
976-81issue
11eissn
0033-3506issn
1476-5616pii
S0033-3506(12)00272-7journal_volume
126pub_type
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