Management of positive lymph nodes following radical prostatectomy.

Abstract:

:Oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCA) has increasingly been detected in the era of modern imaging studies such as choline-specific and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positron emission tomography and X-ray computed tomography (PET/CT). Recent evidence suggests that durable control is attainable with local treatment modalities such as salvage metastasectomy or stereotactic radiation therapy targeting oligometastases, either with or without the use of systemic therapy.The purpose of this article is to critically review the current findings on the indication, extent, and oncologic outcome of salvage lymphadenectomy (SLND).Oligometastatic PCA is defined by three or less to five metastatic lesions, no rapid spread to more sites, and feasibility of targeted treatment of all metastatic lesions with surgery or radiation therapy. 68Ga-PSMAPET/CT or 18C-choline PET/CT represents the imaging study of choice to identify patients with potential lymph node metastases, and both studies should be performed at prostate-specific antigen serum levels around 1 ng/ml in order to achieve optimal results. If available, 68Ga-PSMA- PET/CT should be preferred because of higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. With regard to pelvic SLND, only data of retrospective studies with a total of more than 400 patients and an evidence level III-IV are available. SLND should always be performed in terms of an extended lymph node dissection. Five-year biochemical free survival ranges between 19 and 25%, 5-year cancer-specific survival varies between 75 and 90%.The median time to systemic treatment is in the range of 20-30 months. Patients with retroperitoneal metastases have a poorer prognosis with less than 10% responding. Optimnal candidates for SLND resulting in a good long-term control could be identified by integrating the following parameters in the clinical decision makong process: presence of Gleason pattern 5, PSA at time of SLND, > positive PSMA-PET/CT signals in the small pelvis, presence of retroperitoneal lymph node metastases, pre-treatment with androgen deprivation therapy at time of biochemical relapse following radical prostatectomy. :El cáncer de próstata oligometastásico se ha detectado de forma creciente en la era de los estudios de imagen modernos tales como tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET) específica de colina o de antígeno de membrana específico de próstata (PSMA) y tomografía computarizada (PET/TAC). La evidenciareciente sugiere que se puede alcanzar un control duradero con modalidades de tratamiento local como metastasectomía de salvación o radioterapia estereotáctica dirigida a las oligometástasis con o sin utilizacióndel tratamiento sistémico. El objetivo de este artículo es la revisión crítica de los hallazgos actuales sobre la indicación, extensión y resultados oncológicos de lalinfadenectomía de salvamento.Se define el CaP oligometastásico como tres o menos de cinco lesiones metastásicas, sin extensión rápida a más sitios y posibilidad de tratamiento dirigido de todas las lesiones metastásicas con cirugía o radioterapia.El PET/TAC PSMA Ga 68 o el PET/TAC colina 18 representan los estudios de elección para identificar pacientes con metástasis linfáticas potenciales, y ambosestudios deberían realizarse con niveles de PSA alrededor de 1 ng/ml para conseguir resultados óptimos. Si estuviera disponible, el PET/TAC PSMA Ga 68 sería preferible por su mayor sensibilidad, especificidad y precisión. Con respecto la linfadenectomía pélvica de salvamento, solo hay evidencia de estudios retrospectivos con un total de más de 400 pacientes y un nivel de evidencia III-IV. La linfadenectomía de salvamento debería hacerse siempre en forma de disección de linfadenectomía extendida. Los supervivencia libre de recidiva bioquímica a cinco años tiene un rango entre 19 y 25%, la supervivencia cáncer específica a 5 años varía entre el 75 y el 90%.La mediana de tiempo hasta tratamiento sistémico está en el rango de 20-30 meses. Los pacientes con metástasis retroperitoneales tienen un pronóstico más pobre con menos del 10% de respuestas. Los candidatos óptimos para linfadenectomía de salvamento que tienen un buen resultado con control a largo plazo podrían identificarse integrando los siguientes parámetros en el procesoclínico de toma de decisiones: presencia del patrón Gleason 5, PSA en el momento de la linfadenectomía, señal positiva en la pelvis menor en el PSMA PET/TAC, presencia de metástasis en ganglios linfáticos retroperitoneales,tratamiento previo con terapia de deprivación androgénica en el momento de la recidiva bioquímica después de la prostatectomía radical.

journal_name

Arch Esp Urol

authors

Heidenreich A,Rieke M,Mahjoub S,Pfister D

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-01 00:00:00

pages

182-191

issue

2

eissn

0004-0614

issn

1576-8260

pii

2019-72-2-0d8ca21540550dc824e091690e974e57f563df09

journal_volume

72

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • [Our experience with renal adenocarcinoma (II): clinical course, diagnosis, and prognostic factors before surgical treatment].

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the form of presentation, clinical features and analytical values and their relationship with survival in renal cell carcinoma patients and analyzed the efficiency of different diagnostic and staging procedures. METHODS:We reviewed the form of presentation, clinical features, staging procedures...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Rivas del Fresno M,Fernández Gómez JM,San Martín Blanco A,Sahagún Argüello JL,Martín Benito JL,Alonso Sainz F

    更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Perineo-scrotal gangrene (Fournier's gangrene)].

    abstract::Four cases of perineoscrotal gangrene are reported herein. All were immune-suppressed and three were diabetics. Its primary focus was in the GU tract or intestine. Culture was positive for Gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes. Early aggressive surgery and adjuvant antibiotic therapy achieved an excellent survival rate....

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Ruiz Rubio JL,Lapuerta Torres E,Bueno Selles C,Martínez Morillas LM,Calatrava Gadea S,Díaz Calleja E,Castillo Gimeno JM

    更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00

  • [Exploration of the intra-renal collecting system using flexible fibroscopy].

    abstract::23 cases of flexible retrograde nephroscopy system for undiagnosed hematuria or filling defect are reviewed. The introduction was carried out by combining hydraulic dilation, rigid ureterorenoscopy and a working sheath. The indications were merely diagnostic (filling defects and/or haematuria). The success rate was ve...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Puppo P,Ricciotti G,Bottino P,Germinale F,Perachino M

    更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00

  • [Incidental adrenal tumor: non-functioning cortical adenoma].

    abstract::Adrenal incidental tumors are masses incidentally discovered on ultrasonography or CT for other abdominal disorders. Management depends on tumor size, nature, content, and hormonal behaviour. We report on a large, nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenoma that was incidentally discovered in a 59-year-old male patient with...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Llarena Ibarguren R,Pertusa Peña C,Arregui Erbina P,Pérez García A

    更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00

  • [Prognostic factors in 243 transitional carcinomas of the bladder (I): clinical and macroscopic parameters of the tumor].

    abstract::A retrospective study was undertaken in 243 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to determine the correlation of clinical parameters (sex, age, symptoms and duration of the disease) and tumor gross anatomic features (cystoscopic aspects, tumor number, size and site) with survival. The study comprised 14...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Portillo Martín JA,Val Bernal F,Martín García B,Hernández Rodríguez R,Gutiérrez Baños JL,Correas Gómez MA,Garijo Ayenza F,Buelta Carrillo L,Fernández Gómez JM,Concepción Masip T

    更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00

  • [Gonadal stromal tumor in childhood. Report of a case. Comments].

    abstract::A case of testicular gonadal stromal tumor in an 8-month-old boy is described. Patient evaluation revealed no hormonal alterations. The patient underwent orchidectomy and has remained tumor-free at two years follow-up, which meets the well-established criteria for benign tumors. A detailed anatomopathological descript...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Romero Tenorio M,Gutiérrez Somoscarrera JA,Salazar Otero S,Báez Perea M,Fariñas Baró JM,Aragón Montero MJ,Flores Ginés J

    更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00

  • [Echography, a diagnostic method in testicular abscess].

    abstract::We report on 10 patients who presented with a scrotal mass. The diagnosis of testicular abscess was made on ultrasonographic examination of the scrotal mass. The sensitivity and specificity rates of the foregoing imaging technique were 100%. Furthermore, it permitted determining with precision the extent and degree of...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Granados EA,de la Torre P,Alberola J

    更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00

  • [Concurrent tumors in a patient with giant hydronephrosis].

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Giant hydronephrosis, defined as the presence of a liquid volume over 1000 ml within the urinary collector system, is a rare clinical entity, the diagnosis of which is an excellent exercise because it lacks of a defined clinical presentation. METHODS/RESULTS:We report the case of a 66-year-old male under st...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4321/s0004-06142006000100014

    authors: Pereira Arias JG,Ullate Jaime V,Gutiérrez Díez JM,Ateca Díaz-Obregón R,Ramírez Rodríguez MM,Pereda Martínez E,Berreteaga Gallastegui JR

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Conservative therapy of urolithiasis].

    abstract::Some common conservative treating methods of urolithiasis are critically discussed. Based on physico-chemical relationships of solubility and cristallisation of stone-forming compounds our own methods of conservative treatment of urolithiasis is presented. ...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Matouschek E,Huber R

    更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00

  • [Polyorchism: a case report].

    abstract::A case of polyorchism is described and the literature reviewed, highlighting the rarity of this pathological condition. To our knowledge, only 70 cases have been reported in the world literature. Similarly, Nocks' embryological development theory is discussed herein. The present case was diagnosed intraoperatively. No...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Lanza P,Scalfari A,Gemelli R,Pirritano D,Catuogno C,Colosimo MT

    更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00

  • [Reliability of computerized axial tomography (CAT), for the evaluation of lymph node involvement in patients with infiltrating bladder tumor].

    abstract::The present study was undertaken to determine the reliability of CAT scanning in the preoperative evaluation to detect or discard pelvic lymph node involvement in patients with infiltrating bladder tumor. We compared the radiologic findings with the results of histopathologic examination of the lymph nodes following l...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Ricos Torrent JV,Cervera Detal J,Casanova Ramón-Borja J,Iborra Juan I,Monros Lliso JL,Dumont Martínez R,Mazcuñán Fuentes F,Solsona Narbón E

    更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00

  • Prediction of extracapsular disease with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in high risk localized prostate cancer patient.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the usefulness of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of patients with localized prostate cancer (PC) and high risk of extracapsular disease (ECD). METHODS:Retrospective study including 30 patients with localized PC and high risk of ECD. Pathologist and radiologist esta...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hernández-Sánchez JE,Castillo E,Barbero JM,Lista F,Gonzalez J

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • [Giant bladder diverticulum, inside inguinal hernia. Clinical case and review of the literature].

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To report a case of giant diverticulum of the bladder associated with inguinal hernia. METHODS/RESULTS:An uncommon case of giant diverticulum associated with inguinal hernia is presented and the literature reviewed. The enormous size of the diverticulum and the associated lower urinary tract obstruction aris...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Napal Lecumberri S,Vallejo Negro J,Martín de Frutos T,Hernando Albistegui A,Gil de la Puente J,Hernando Alonso J

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Megacalycosis and lithiasis].

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Megacalycosis or Puigvert's disease is a clinical entity characterized by dilatation of all renal calyces without dilatation of the renal pelvis or ureter in the absence of any obstructive factor. To date, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The rarity of this disease and the importance of making a correct dif...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Pereira Arias JG,Gurtubay Arrieta I,Escobal Tamayo V,Ibarluzea González JG,Jorge Catalina A,Bernuy Malfaz C

    更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00

  • [The psoas bladder-hitch. An illustrative case].

    abstract::The psoas bladder hitch is an invaluable surgical procedure in the treatment of lesions of the lower ureteral third and transplantation with short ureters. We briefly review this procedure and describe an illustrative case of ureteroneocystostomy of the right lumbar ureter. ...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Blasco de Villalonga M,Moratalla Basante A,Acha Pérez M,Albisu Tristan A,Arruza Echebarría A,Llarena Ibarguren R,Pertusa Peña C

    更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00

  • [Transperitoneal laparoscopic bladder diverticulectomy].

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To report the first case of bladder diverticulectomy in a female patient. METHODS:74-year-old female patient with a two-year history of recurrent lower urinary tract infection and the diagnosis of big bladder diverticulum. A laparoscopic bladder diverticulectomy was performed. RESULTS:Operative time was 90...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4321/s0004-06142006000800008

    authors: Pizzi P,Castillo O,Carvajal D,Vitagliano G,Hidalgo F

    更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00

  • [Testicular epidermoid cyst: report of a new case and bibliographic review].

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The epidermoid cyst of the testis is a rare benign tumor. It accounts for approximately 1% of all testicular tumors. Generally, the testis has a palpable, painless mass with tumor markers (AFP, BHCG, and LDH) within normal ranges. Pathology reveals a cavity consisting of squamous epithelial cells containing ...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Martínez Silva VM,Cruceyra Betriu G,Piedra Lara JD,Capitán Manjón C,Carrero López VM,Leiva Galvis O

    更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • [Suprapubic cystostomy catheter knotting. Presentation of the first national case and review of the literature].

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study presents the first Spanish case of a spontaneous knot in the catheter of a suprapubic cystostomy and review the national and international literature. METHODS:The case of an 87-year-old patient who was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the prostate is presented. A suprapubic vesical puncture for ur...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Romero Pérez P,Lapuerta Torres FE,Amat Cecilia M,Merenciano Cortina FJ,Gordo Flores ME,Navarro Antón JA,Ferrero R

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • [Vasitis nodosa].

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe a case of vasitis nodosum causing spontaneous recanalization of the vas deferens. METHODS:Herein we describe a patient who had undergone vasectomy 9 years earlier. A nodule in the vas deferens arising from granulomatous reaction had progressed to vasitis nodosum, causing spontaneous recanalizatio...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Llarena Ibarguren R,Vesga Molina F,Marín Lafuente JC,Pertusa Peña C

    更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00

  • [Treatment of pediatric lithiasis in the lithotripsy and endourology unit of "Hospital La Luz". Commented retrospective of our case series].

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present article is to summarize the results we obtained treating children with urolithiasis over the last 30 years and to perform an analysis on the basis of the these results and relevant details according to national and international experience. METHODS:Retrospective and descriptive statist...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Orozco Fariñas R,Iglesias Prieto JI,Pellejero Pérez P,Massarrah Halabi J,Mancebo JM,Pérez-Castro Ellendt E

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • [Percutaneous nephrostomy as a technic for emergency drainage: review of cases].

    abstract::Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is currently one of the procedures of choice for emergency drainage of the upper urinary tract. Moreover, it permits morphologic and functional diagnostic possibilities as well as a wide variety of new and frequently definitive therapeutic procedures. We report on 58 PCN procedures perfo...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Llopis B,Navalón P,Picurelli L,Domingo ML,Martínez G,Ferrer J

    更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00

  • [Microscopic innervation of the spermatic ducts and testis. I. Vas deferens].

    abstract::The microscopic innervation of the vas deferens in the rat was studied both in light and electron microscope. The nerve fibres form perivascular, intramuscular and subepithelial plexuses. Inside the connective tissue surrounding the vas deferens both isolated nerve fibres and sensory corpuscles (glomerular and Ruffine...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Suárez-Garnacho S,Vega JA,Alvarez Arenal A,Pérez Casas A,Alvarez Menéndez JC,Hernández LC

    更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00

  • [Primary abscess of the psoas muscle].

    abstract::An additional case of primary psoas abscess is described. The literature is reviewed and its etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment are discussed. ...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Ruiz Rubio JL,Castillo Jimeno JM,Martínez Morillas LM

    更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00

  • [Treatment of uretero-renal stones with shock wave lithotripsy. Results and complications with the dornier gemini emse 220f-XXP.]

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a minimally invasive therapeutic option for the treatment of renal-ureteral lithiasis. The aim of this study was to analyze the results and complications of shock wave extracorporeal lithotripsy treatment with the Dornier Gemini® Generator EMSE 220f-XXP device in pati...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Arrabal-Polo MA,Domínguez-Amillo A,Canales-Casco N,de la Torre-Trillo J,Morales Martínez A,Cano-García MC,Rodríguez-Herrera JJ,Hernández-Serrano M,Arrabal-Martín M

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • [Validity studies in laparoscopic simulation. Methodology and design considerations.]

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe a roadmap of the most representative milestones and considerations in the validation of surgical simulators, especially those of laparoscopic surgery. And additionally, help determine when in this process a simulator can be considered as validated. METHODS:A non-systematic review was carried out...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Sánchez-Hurtado MÁ,Usón-Gargallo J,Díaz-Güemes Martín-Portugués I,Enciso S,Sánchez-Peralta LF,Sánchez-Fernández J,Sánchez-Margallo FM

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • [Emphysematous cystitis: Report of 2 cases with different outcomes].

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To report two cases of emphysematous cystitis, a rare, potentially serious disease. METHODS:Analysis of two different cases treated in our center and review of the existing literature. RESULTS:One patient underwent emergency surgery (radical cystectomy) due to the advanced stage of the disease. The second p...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Garde H,Useros E,Hernando A,Chávez C,Paños E,Quijano P,Martínez M,Alpuente C,Brinquis MÁ,García-Murga JC

    更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00

  • Perineal radical prostatectomy in the minimally invasive era.

    abstract::Radical prostatectomy is currently the standard of care for localized prostate cancer. In the last decade, the minimally invasive surgery, especially the robotic surgery has been growing and open techniques are less frequent performed. A non-systematic review of the literature is performed, highlighting the current s...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Rioja J,Rincon Mayans A,Parra RO

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • [Urinary de-diversion, technical modification for creating a low-pressure bladder].

    abstract::Urinary unidiversion permits the possibility of enhancing the quality of life and probably the survivorship of previously diverted patients. A modification of this technique is described which utilizes Brickne's loop and a segment of the sigmoid to create a low pressure bladder, thus sparing more intestine. The good r...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Romero Maroto J,Fernández Fernández A,Ruiz Zárate C,Perales Cabanas L,Escudero Barrilero A

    更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00

  • The "Krukrnberg" tumor in male.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The ovarian metastasis by a gastrointestinal cancer is called Krukenberg tumor. We report a case of metastasis to the testis and epididymis by gastric cancer that can be the analogue in male. METHODS:A patient, submitted to total gastrectomy for a poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (TNM stage: pT3...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.4321/s0004-06142005000900019

    authors: Alois M,Valentina P,Andreas G

    更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00

  • [Renal-cell adenocarcinoma and massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage during pregnancy].

    abstract::We report a case of renal cell carcinoma that had manifested as massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage in the second trimester of pregnancy. The diagnosis was made on the basis of the clinical and ultrasound findings. The patient was submitted to unilateral nephrectomy at 27 wk of gestation and she delivered by cesarean s...

    journal_title:Archivos espanoles de urologia

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Bartha Rasero JL,Bedoya Bergua C,Díaz Cano S,Sánchez Ramos J

    更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00