Abstract：
:Catheter therapy has gained an important role in the treatment of congenital heart disease. The cumulative experience with vascular and valvular balloon dilations has demonstrated low mortality and morbidity with short-term results similar to surgery. Currently, balloon dilation is an accepted treatment for valvular pulmonary stenosis, distal pulmonary artery stenosis, recurrent coarctation, rheumatic mitral stenosis, congenital valvular aortic stenosis, and intra-atrial baffle obstruction. Except for patients at high surgical risk, balloon dilation of native coarctation is considered investigational at most institutions but accepted at others. No conclusive evaluation is yet possible for dilation of bioprosthetic valves and membranous subaortic stenosis. Individual pulmonary veins appear undilatable. Various devices are available for closure of extra- and intracardiac communications. Transcatheter closure of aortopulmonary collaterals and arteriovenous malformations is now well established at some centers. In selected patients, therapeutic embolization of surgical shunts can replace surgery. Transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus has become routine at some centers. Nonsurgical closure of atrial and ventricular septal defects has entered clinical trials, and preliminary results appear very promising. Blade atrioseptostomy and foreign body retrieval are well established. Improvement of existing procedures and implementation of new concepts will consolidate the role of catheter therapy in congenital and acquired heart disease.
journal_name
Pediatr Clin North Amjournal_title
Pediatric clinics of North Americaauthors
Radtke W,Lock Jdoi
10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36840-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-02-01 00:00:00pages
193-213issue
1eissn
0031-3955issn
1557-8240pii
S0031-3955(16)36840-7journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Despite many advances in the overall treatment of type I diabetes mellitus during the last few years, no major advance has been made in decreasing the mortality rate of diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma. A major concern in both of these disease states is the development of cerebral ed...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36870-5
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary childhood brain tumors are the second most common form of childhood cancer. Though progress in this area has been slow, the field has evolved considerably over the past 10 years. This article focuses on new information that will influence our treatment of the more common pediatric brain tumors. ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34829-5
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author enumerates the objectives of nutritional instruction and therapy for the child with diabetes mellitus and examines some of the principles upon which this therapy is based. Also discussed are the methods used to formulate meal plans, stressing the fact that instruction and counseling in nutritional principle...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34623-5
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric patients presenting with painless scrotal masses can be perplexing because of the long differential diagnosis. A careful plan based on the physical examination and sonogram findings localizes the mass to the testis or an extratesticular location. Sonography distinguishes solid from cystic lesions. Subsequent...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70555-1
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The American Heart Association/American Academy of Pediatrics Neonatal Resuscitation Program provides standards for management of newborn infants in birthing areas. Certification and subsequent evaluation of birthing area personnel at perinatal network hospitals should result in better stabilization of infants prior t...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38519-4
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents advancements in the field of fetal echocardiography and the significant impact of these within the fields of pediatric cardiology, perinatology, and neonatology. A prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease allows for improved counseling of the parents, guides the timing and optimal location ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2009.04.002
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter has reviewed the deficiencies in immune defense that place the neonate, particularly the premature infant, at increased risk of invasive bacterial disease. We also have reviewed the literature on the rationale for exchange transfusion, granulocyte transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin, and fibronectin a...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36038-2
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on the current status of in utero catheter interventions for congenital heart disease. The discussion of fetal interventions for cardiac defects briefly reviews the evolution of approaches to congenital heart disease and issues surrounding the prenatal detection of cardiac defects, the rationale f...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2004.08.005
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is clear that previously we were ill-informed and misinformed about children's pain. Recent investigations have led not only to a burgeoning of understanding of pediatric pain, but also an increase in our ability to appropriately measure and treat children's pain. Both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical treatment...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36723-2
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, it is apparent that discussions on substance abuse should begin at the prenatal visit and extend through adolescence. Educational efforts and preventive strategies must be given highest priority. Signs and symptoms may be subtle, and pediatricians should have a high index of suspicion, particularly for hig...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38948-9
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular malformations are rare but important skin disorders in children, which often require multidisciplinary care. The goal of this article is to orient pediatricians to the various types of vascular malformations. We discuss the clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and management of capillary, venous, ar...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2010.08.003
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ingestion of potentially poisonous agents is a common reason for children to present to an emergency department. The clinician must decide whether gastrointestinal decontamination is indicated for these patients. The controversy over the type of gastrointestinal decontamination is resolving and recent recommendations ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70181-4
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adoptive process can produce unusual stresses on the child, and biologic and adoptive parents, from prenatal to postnatal life, and through the various phases of physical and pscyhological development. Because of the possibility of these children and their families falling into the "at risk" category with greater ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The family is the most central and enduring influence on children. Families, regardless of their composition, are themselves subject to a variety of social forces that influence how well they are able to meet children's needs. Pediatricians who understand the functions families serve and the factors that constrain the...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38910-6
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the recent mandate for early intervention services, the pediatrician is more involved than ever in the identification and evaluation of children with developmental disabilities. Developmental surveillance at routine visits and listening to parental concerns are crucial in the early diagnosis of developmental dela...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38544-3
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in genetics, including mapping the human genome, improved therapy for genetic disorders, recognition of the role of genetic factors in common diseases of adulthood, and new screening tests for carrier detection and presymptomatic diagnosis create an increased demand for and awareness of clinical genetic servi...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38259-1
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes child oral health-related quality of life measures and provides some examples of their use in determining the effect of clinical interventions, such as dental treatment under general anesthesia, orthodontic treatment, and treatment of orofacial clefting. ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2018.05.015
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stress response in humans commonly includes elevations in plasma concentrations of glucocorticoids, catecholamines, glucagon, growth hormone, aldosterone, and renin, resulting in alterations in the metabolism of glucose and other energy substrates, and in increased sodium and water retention. In severe illness, tr...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36185-5
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Important first steps have been taken towards establishing how some nutrients interact with genes and affect intestinal adaptation. These mechanisms may be typical of how other nutrients influence cell function and turnover and help to maintain intestinal integrity. The dietary effects of nucleotides on intestinal cel...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70415-6
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The overweight and obesity epidemic among children and adolescents in the United States continues to worsen, with notable racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities. Risk factors for pediatric obesity include genetics; environmental and neighborhood factors; increased intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fas...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2015.05.013
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trauma is prevalent in the lives of children. It derives from many sources, and, depending on its characteristics, can produce transient or enduring and devastating consequences. Early trauma, if left untreated, can set the stage for chronic deficits in the behavioral repertoires of affected children, and thus shape p...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(03)00075-0
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I have stressed the known medical and environmental factors associated with unexpected, sudden death in sports in children, and I have recommended restrictions or environmental alterations to prevent sudden death associated with an individual sport. Medical problems such as cardiomyopathies, posterior mitral valve lea...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34285-7
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermodilution systems for the measurement of cardiac output constitute a reliable and relatively noninvasive method which is ideal for small patients, particularly infants and small children. Thermodilution is an important new advance in the monitoring of critically ill children in that it measures cardiac output dir...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)33889-5
更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) is in its adolescence, it is already having a major impact on patient care, quality, safety, and education. Pediatric hospitalists have been front-and-center in the safety and quality movement, driving change as clinicians, applying evidence-based medicine to standardize prac...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2019.03.013
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluid homeostasis requires adequate water intake, regulated by an intact thirst mechanism and appropriate free water excretion by the kidneys, mediated by appropriate secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP, also known as antidiuretic hormone). AVP exerts its antidiuretic action by binding to the X chromosome-encoded V...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2011.07.013
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intestinal failure (IF) is the ultimate malabsorption state, with multiple causes, requiring long-term therapy with enteral or intravenous fluids and nutrient supplements. The primary goal during management of children with potentially reversible IF is to promote intestinal autonomy while supporting normal growth, nut...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2009.07.005
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The technology surrounding the treatment of acute renal failure has been traditionally left in the realm of dialysis. The use of peritoneal dialysis for the neonate or small infant and the often difficult use of hemodialysis in larger children and adolescents have been the mainstay of support. Not infrequently, howeve...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36187-9
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is varied and remains controversial, which is likely because children with VUR have different risks for urinary tract infection or renal injury. Consequently, the treatment of VUR needs to be individualized based on the patient's characteristics. In this article, the autho...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2012.05.012
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes developments in pain assessment in critically ill neonates and infants during the last 5 to 6 years. Pain assessment instruments show a redundancy of items and a lack of profound psychometric background. Although most research focuses primarily on acute pain, in clinical practice there is also t...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2012.07.012
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, if broadly implemented, has the potential to significantly reduce global rates of morbidity and mortality associated with cervical and other HPV-related cancers. More than 100 countries around the world hav...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2015.08.004
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
