Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia causes great suffering for patients and families. Today, patients are treated with medications, but unfortunately many still have persistent symptoms and an impaired quality of life. During the last 20 years of research in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for schizophrenia, evidence has been found that the treatment is good for patients but it is not satisfactory enough, and more studies are being carried out hopefully to achieve further improvement. PURPOSE:Clinical trials and meta-analyses are being used to try to prove the efficacy of CBT. In this article, we summarize recent research using the cognitive model for people with schizophrenia. METHODS:A systematic search was carried out in PubMed (Medline). Relevant articles were selected if they contained a description of cognitive models for schizophrenia or psychotic disorders. RESULTS:There is now evidence that positive and negative symptoms exist in a continuum, from normality (mild form and few symptoms) to fully developed disease (intensive form with many symptoms). Delusional patients have reasoning bias such as jumping to conclusions, and those with hallucination have impaired self-monitoring and experience their own thoughts as voices. Patients with negative symptoms have negative beliefs such as low expectations regarding pleasure and success. In the entire patient group, it is common to have low self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS:The cognitive model integrates very well with the aberrant salience model. It takes into account neurobiology, cognitive, emotional and social processes. The therapist uses this knowledge when he or she chooses techniques for treatment of patients.
journal_name
Nord J Psychiatryjournal_title
Nordic journal of psychiatryauthors
Sarin F,Wallin Ldoi
10.3109/08039488.2013.789074subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
145-53issue
3eissn
0803-9488issn
1502-4725journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is a highly heterogeneous disease. Event-related potentials have been regarded to establish intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia. Our previous study found that patients with deficit schizophrenia (DS) are relatively homogeneous and show a significantly longer onset latency of contingent neg...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2014.959562
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main objective of this study was to compare life skills between psychotic patients with substance abuse problems and psychotic patients without substance abuse problems. This is a cross-sectional study of 48 patients (26 inpatients and 22 outpatients) in a clinic for early intervention in psychosis. Patients were ...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480600583811
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antipsychotics have been the mainstay of the treatment of schizophrenia, and their potential role in neuroprotection could be related to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). So far different effects on both serum and plasma levels of BDNF were reported related to the various antipsychotic treatments. Aim of this ...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2017.1340518
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with remitted bipolar disorder have cognitive impairments, particularly in executive functions. However, the findings of studies that investigated cognitive functions in unaffected relatives of patients with bipolar disorder are conflicting. AIMS:The aim of this study is to investigate executive fu...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2012.756062
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to compare the screening properties of two General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) versions and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90), and to evaluate them as psychiatric screening instruments in Finland. We administered the GHQ-36 and the SCL-90 to psychiatric outpatients (n=207) and to a community sampl...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480310001418
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background Chronotype and insomnia have been related to the development and to an unfavourable course of depression. However, the mutual relationship of both risk factors is as yet unclear, especially in acute, clinically manifest depressive disorders. Aims The present study was carried out to elucidate the separate d...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2015.1112832
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Most studies find that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have impaired memory and executive functions. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the recommended psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with OCD. We hypothesized that impairments in memory and executive functions would predict poor...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2015.1074282
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to study associations between sense of coherence (based on Antonovsky's theory), and mental health problems, the use of mental health services, substance use, predisposition to suicide and possible psychiatric diagnosis among Finnish young men. The study included 2314 18-year-old young men wh...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480500360898
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purpose: While the pivotal role of pharmacotherapy in psychiatry is universal, significant regional differences exist in drug use patterns. Herewith we compare the use of ATC psychotropic drugs (N05, psycholeptics and N06A, antidepressants) in 2010-2015 in the three Baltic Countries with reference to the Nordic Countr...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2019.1707283
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aims: This study describes changes in alcohol habits in age and gender strata among the Swedish general population during the 21-year period following the Swedish EU membership in 1995. Methods: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was distributed as a postal questionnaire to randomly selected cross-s...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2019.1660912
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many children are affected by parental substance use disorder. Beardslee's family intervention (BFI) is a family-based psycho-educative method for children of mentally ill parents, used in psychiatric practise in several Nordic countries. The method has also been used to some extent when a parent suffers fro...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2017.1308009
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The use of mechanical restraint (MR) is controversial, and large differences regarding the use of MR are often found among countries. In an earlier study, we observed that MR was used twice as frequently in Denmark than Norway. AIMS:To examine how presumed MR preventive factors of non-medical origin may exp...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2014.996600
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate attitudes towards mental illness displayed by student nurses' with previous contact with mentally disordered persons prior to education in psychiatric nursing and to evaluate trends in attitudes towards mental illness exhibited by student nurses and the public in Sweden. METHODS:Altogether 246 st...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2012.694145
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known of the use of mechanical restraint in adolescent psychiatry. AIMS:To investigate the frequency and features of mechanical restraint in the field of Finnish adolescent psychiatry. METHODS:The data were collected in the metropolitan area of Helsinki, Finland, with seven closed and eight open ...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2012.699552
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Extreme self-harming behavior is a major challenge for patients and health services. Nevertheless, this patient population is poorly described in research literature. AIMS:The aim of this study was to assess the volume of patients with extensive psychiatric hospitalization due to extreme self-harming behavi...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2018.1511751
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It appears that the female reproductive events and hormonal treatments may impact the course of bipolar disorder in women. In particular, childbirth is known to be associated with onset of affective episodes in women with bipolar disorder. During the female reproductive events the sex hormones, e.g. estrogen...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/08039488.2013.775341
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies conducted outside of Scandinavia indicate that most adolescents with substance misuse problems suffer from co-morbid mental disorders. The present study assessed the mental health of adolescents seeking help for substance misuse problems in a large Swedish city. Parents' mental health was also examined. The sa...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480701643423
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is a soluble mediator, which is the metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid. It is thought that RvD1 may contribute to the etiology of bipolar disorder (BD) because of its anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effect. In this study, it was aimed to compare the seru...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2019.1673480
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at high risk of anxiety and depression. This is important to identify in the clinical assessment to understand its impact. AIMS:The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between parent- and sel...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2017.1367840
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation of personality traits measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) with the prognosis of major depressive disorder in patients treated with either fluoxetine or short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in a randomized comparative study. METHOD:35 patients with DSM IV-defin...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.3109/08039488.2010.487571
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective: To identify personality disorders comorbid with borderline personality disorder (BPD) that may confer greater risk for the presence of severe dissociative experiences. Method: Three hundred and one outpatients with a primary diagnosis of BPD were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV ...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2019.1658127
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the prevalence of personality disorders in a representative sample of patients admitted to inpatient care after a parasuicide, 64 consecutive patients were investigated with structured interviews for DSM-IV personality disorders and clinical interviews for Axis I disorders and suicidal behaviour. We found a...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480152036038
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies exist on the outcome of patients with personality disorders (PDs) treated at ordinary outpatient clinics. This study examines the gains of such patients 2 years after treatment start at an outpatient clinic. Three patient groups were sampled: cluster A + B PDs, cluster C PDs and axis I disorders. Fifty-eig...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480500319506
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic side-effects of atypical antipsychotics have led to concern about their relative safety compared with low doses of conventional neuroleptics. Akathisia is an often misdiagnosed side-effect, which leads to non-compliance and sometimes even exacerbation of psychosis or suicidal behaviour. In fact, little is kn...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480701226146
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The ward atmosphere of psychiatric care units has a major impact on treatment and satisfaction for both patients and staff. The Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS) was developed to capture the ward atmosphere in different psychiatric settings and is a well-established instrument for this purpose. However, there is n...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039480903524913
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our aim was to study factors associated with long-term non-recovery from major depression. A total of 109 patients with major depression were followed prospectively for 2 years. A diagnosis of major depression based on SCID interviews at follow-up indicated non-recovery. The effect of several established risk factors ...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480600937801
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite caregivers' impact on suicidal patients' compliance with treatment and suicide prevention, little is known about mental-health professionals' perceptions of work with suicidal patients. The roles of psychiatric staff's training and supervision in the care of suicidal patients were investigated by means of a po...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039480310002705
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with affective disorder have higher mortality not only because of their affective illness but also because of a higher risk of death from physical illness especially cardiovascular diseases. AIM:To investigate the prevalence in a naturalistic cohort of patient treated at a Mood Disorder Clinic. ME...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08039488.2011.595821
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been included in the DSM category of psychiatric diagnoses since 1980, classified as an anxiety disorder. Since that time, its definition has undergone considerable change and today many physicians are not aware of its current diagnostic criteria or the clinical significance o...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/08039480410005927
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: There is a lack of clinical studies that focus on different psychiatric disorders after trauma and the relationship with migration status.Purpose: To examine differences in psychiatric morbidity in traumatized patients referred to psychiatric treatment in Southern Oslo.Materials and methods: Hundred and te...
journal_title：Nordic journal of psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08039488.2020.1714724
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
