Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To compare European students' personal use and approval of illicit substance use with their perceptions of peer behaviours and attitudes, and investigate whether perceptions of peer norms are associated with personal use of illicit substances and attitudes. METHOD:This study used baseline data from the Social Norms Intervention for the prevention of Polydrug usE (SNIPE) project involving 4482 students from seven European countries in 2012. Students completed an online survey which included questions on personal and perceived peer illicit substance use and personal and perceived peer attitude towards illicit substances. RESULTS:8.3% of students reported having used illicit substances at least once in their life. 49.7% of students perceived that the majority of their peers have used illicit substances more frequently than themselves. The perception was significantly associated with higher odds for personal illicit substance use (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.53-2.54). The perception that the majority of peers approve illicit substance use was significantly associated with higher odds for personal approval of illicit substance use (OR: 3.47, 95% CI: 2.73-4.41). CONCLUSION:Students commonly perceived that their peers used illicit subtances more often than themselves. We found an association between the perceived peer norms/attitudes and reported individual behaviour/attitudes.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Helmer SM,Mikolajczyk RT,McAlaney J,Vriesacker B,Van Hal G,Akvardar Y,Guillen-Grima F,Salonna F,Stock C,Dempsey RC,Bewick BM,Zeeb Hdoi
10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.039subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-10-01 00:00:00pages
204-9eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(14)00288-6journal_volume
67pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Since survival of patients with melanoma is strongly correlated with the Breslow tumor thickness of the primary lesion, factors that influence stage at diagnosis and delay in diagnosis are considered to be crucial. To test the relationship between tumor thickness and some social and clinical variables (inclu...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2002.1067
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our objective was to create and explore potential uses of a composite "Healthy Lifestyle" measure based on Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Objectives for behaviors shown to be associated with morbidity and mortality. METHODS:Data were from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N=412,942) on five...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.005
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies from the United Kingdom have fully investigated inequalities between members of different sexual minority groups and heterosexuals over range of health outcomes. Using data from over 40,000 individuals, this study explores the health inequalities of sexual minority UK adults. We include respondents who ide...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.010
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of screening and five years of multi-factorial lifestyle intervention on changes in alcohol intake in a general population. METHODS:The study was a pre-randomized intervention study on lifestyle, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. Participants in the intervention group (n=6 091...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.007
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The differences of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) between maximal treadmill and deep-water running have not been reported. The purpose of this investigation was to compare u-PA and t-PA levels during maximal treadmill and deep-water running. METHODS:...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.01.021
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To provide updated information on smoking prevalence in Italy, with a focus on type of tobacco product, including hand-rolled (HR) cigarettes. METHOD:Two nationally representative surveys were conducted in 2011 and 2012 in Italy on a total sample of 6167 adults. Information on type of tobacco most frequently...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.009
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although socioeconomic, behavioural, psychological, and biological factors have been individually linked to multimorbidity, data on the importance of these factors are limited. Our study aimed to determine the leading predictors for multimorbidity of chronic conditions in middle-aged Australian adults using machine le...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106260
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Participation in secondary prevention programs such as cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces morbidity, mortality, and hospitalizations while improving quality of life. Executive function (EF) is a complex set of cognitive abilities that control and regulate behavior. EF predicts many health-related behaviors, but how E...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105865
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychometric properties of a new measure of barriers youth encounter while walking to specific destinations and to validate the measure with self-reported walking to these destinations. METHODS:In 2005 in Boston, Cincinnati and San Diego, parents of youth (n=289, aged 5-18) and adolescents...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.12.006
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We investigated the impact of mental health on the decline in higher activities of daily living (ADL) defined in terms of social role performance (SR, the highest ADL), intellectual activity (IA), and instrumental ADL (IADL), as well as the onset of basic ADL disability. METHODS:Six hundred older adults were...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.12.007
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The joint effect of family history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and selected adult life risk factors on the risk of the disease is not clear. METHODS:We used the combined data set from three Italian case-control studies including 1737 cases of incident, nonfatal AMI and 2317 hospital controls, aged ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.11.019
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of two in-hospital smoking cessation interventions -- brief advice and extended counseling with follow-up. METHODS:The subjects (n=770) were in-patients who were daily smokers or had stopped smoking 30 days preceding admission to 15 wards in five Swedish hospitals. All wards sta...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.014
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identification of risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome is a main component of preconception care, but requires adequate time and knowledge. This study compares self-administered questionnaires to history taking by a physician to evaluate the reliability of such a screening tool for prepregnancy risk de...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2002.1009
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Most research on falls among older persons focuses on health-related factors that affect the ability to maintain balance. The objective of the study is to determine the association between physical activity and occurrence of falls among community-dwelling older persons. METHODS:The distribution of falls and...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.01.017
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between strength training (ST) behavior and mortality remains understudied in large, national samples, although smaller studies have observed that greater amounts of muscle strength are associated with lower risks of death. We aimed to understand the association between meeting ST guidelines...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.038
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescence is a critical time for disengagement from physical activity making young people a priority group for interventions. To determine whether existing initiatives are working in this population segment and help inform future programs, the present study sought to (i) examine prevalences and trends in physical ac...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.10.006
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of breast cancer is unclear. We assessed the association in a hospital-based case-control study. METHODS:The cases (n = 6558) were compared with cancer controls (n = 3296) and noncancer controls admitted for trauma or acute infection (n...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0518
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate if the lower mortality among participants of a health check followed by lifestyle intervention of high risk persons is explained by self-selection. METHODS:All persons residing in the study area (Copenhagen; Denmark) were randomized to intervention (n=11,629) or control group (n=47,987). Perso...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.07.004
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether adherence to home exercise interventions for the prevention of falls in older adults relates to home exercise program characteristics and intervention efficacy. METHODS:In Australia (2011) a systematic literature search of four databases was conducted. Randomized controlled trials were i...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.07.007
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the association of changes in perceived safety and police-recorded crime with changes in transport and leisure walking using longitudinal data from Chicago residents participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2000-2012). METHOD:Main exposures included perceived safety (self-report...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.017
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the longitudinal relationship between psychological distress and body mass index (BMI) changes over a period of five and ten years. METHOD:Data were used from the Dutch, prospective, population based Doetinchem Cohort study over the period 1995/1999 until 2005/2009 (N=5504). Psychological distress...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.020
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Researchers have advocated mediational analysis for behavioral intervention studies to link the supporting theory used in an intervention with the mediating variables and with its ultimate success or failure. Few mediational analyses have been reported for school-based nutrition studies. The conduct of media...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.03.022
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have evaluated high-risk behavior of adolescents 12 to 17 years of age on the basis of seven binomial psychosocial variables in order to assess whether there is a tendency of these variables to cluster in the same individuals and to identify socioeconomic covariates of risky behavior. METHODS:Study parti...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1996.0130
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer is a major public health challenge worldwide. In Europe it is the first malignancy in terms of incidence and the second in terms of mortality in both genders. Despite evidence indicating that removal of premalignant and early-stage cancer lesion scan greatly reduce mortality, remarkable differences a...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.02.010
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While the effects of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on mortality and specific diseases are well established, their effects on ill health more generally are less known. Using two national, longitudinal surveys, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking and other modifiable ri...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2001.0991
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has increased insurance coverage among underserved individuals, but the effect of ACA on cancer diagnosis is currently debated, particularly in Medicaid non-expansion states. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of ACA implementation on stage at diagnosis among ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.06.006
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We summarize here the evidence from the 1960s and 1970s of exceptionally high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Finland. In parallel with voluntary and governmental prevention programs, the level of risk factors and CVD attack rates have shown dramatic improvement in the past 25 years, but the decline has slowed...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0403
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to investigate the effects of sex and deprivation on participation in a population-based faecal immunochemical test (FIT) colorectal cancer screening programme. The study population included 9785 individuals invited to participate in two rounds of a population-based biennial FIT-based screening progra...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.10.012
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Genetic tests for nicotine addiction susceptibility may someday offer preventive medicine specialists new tools to reduce smoking among adolescents. This paper examines adolescents' interest in, and reasons behind interest in, such testing and correlates of interest. METHODS:The sample included 211 healthy ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.09.007
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health information knowledge may affect attitude toward colorectal cancer screening, but the participation of health educated citizens are unknown. Therefore, we investigated non-participation in a sample of 886,088 invited participants, based on educational length, type, and level. Logistic regression analyses were c...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.05.021
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00