Abstract:
:Hyperglycemia (blood glucose concentration >150 mg/dL) is common in extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs; birth at <28 week gestation). Hyperglycemia increases the risk of brain injury in the neonatal period. The long-term effects are not well understood. In adult rats, hyperglycemia alters hippocampal energy metabolism. The effects of hyperglycemia on the developing hippocampus were studied in rat pups. In Experiment 1, recurrent hyperglycemia of graded severity (moderate hyperglycemia (moderate-HG), mean blood glucose 214.6 ± 11.6 mg/dL; severe hyperglycemia (severe-HG), 338.9 ± 21.7 mg/dL; control, 137.7 ± 2.6 mg/dL) was induced from postnatal day (P) 3 to P12. On P30, the hippocampal neurochemical profile was determined using in vivo 1 H MR spectroscopy. Dendritic arborization in the hippocampal CA1 region was determined using microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2 immunohistochemistry. In Experiment 2, continuous hyperglycemia (mean blood glucose 275.3 ± 25.8 mg/dL; control, 142.3 ± 2.6 mg/dL) was induced from P2 to P6 by injecting streptozotocin (STZ) on P2. The mRNA expression of glycogen synthase 1 (Gys1), lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh), glucose transporters 1 (Glut1) and 3 (Glut3) and monocarboxylate transporters 1 (Mct1), 2 (Mct2) and 4 (Mct4) in the hippocampus was determined on P6. In Experiment 1, MRS demonstrated lower lactate concentration and glutamate/glutamine (Glu/Gln) ratio in the severe-HG group, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Phosphocreatine/creatine ratio was higher in both hyperglycemia groups (p < 0.05). MAP-2 histochemistry demonstrated longer apical segment length, indicating abnormal synaptic efficacy in both hyperglycemia groups (p < 0.05). Experiment 2 showed lower Glut1, Gys1 and Mct4 expression and higher Mct1 expression in the hyperglycemia group, relative to the control group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that hyperglycemia alters substrate transport, lactate homeostasis, dendritogenesis and Glu-Gln cycling in the developing hippocampus. Abnormal neurochemical profile and dendritic structure due to hyperglycemia may partially explain the long-term hippocampus-mediated cognitive deficits in human ELGANs.
journal_name
NMR Biomedjournal_title
NMR in biomedicineauthors
Rao R,Nashawaty M,Fatima S,Ennis K,Tkac Idoi
10.1002/nbm.3910subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-01 00:00:00pages
e3910issue
5eissn
0952-3480issn
1099-1492journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In vivo 1H MRS is rapidly developing as a clinical tool for diagnosing and characterizing breast cancers. Many in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that alterations in concentrations of choline-containing metabolites are associated with malignant transformation. In recent years, considerable efforts have...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1217
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spin-exchange NMR techniques enable the measurement of the rates of exchange of solutes between chemically or physically distinct sites in reactions taking place at chemical equilibrium. The time scale of the events that are able to be investigated lies in the neighbourhood of 1 s. The earliest studies in this area of...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.1940030303
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work we introduce the concept of correlation chemical shift imaging (CCSI). Novel CCSI pulse sequences are demonstrated on clinical scanners for two-dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY) and Total Correlation Spectroscopy (TOCSY) imaging experiments. To date there has been limited progress reported towar...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1730
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study aims to evaluate the feasibility of creatine (Cr) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-weighted MRI at 7 T in the human brain by optimizing the saturation pulse parameters and computing contrast using a Z-spectral fitting approach. The Cr-weighted (Cr-w) CEST contrast was computed from phanto...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.4176
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organs consist of several types of cells with specialized functions. This cellular localization of function is often referred to as compartmentation. Due to the intrinsic low sensitivity of MR methods it is generally not possible in vivo to obtain images or spectra of single cells. Instead the MRS signal is the sum of...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.692
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence and rapid development of activatable contrast agents (CAs), whose relaxivity changes in response to the variation of a specific marker in the surrounding physiological microenvironment, have expanded the scope of MRI beyond anatomical and functional imaging to also convey information at the cellular and ...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nbm.2870
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signal of lung parenchymal tissue from the living rat and mouse lung was detected at 4.7 T with a good signal-to-noise ratio and motion-suppressed artifacts using a short TE gradient-echo sequence. Neither cardiac nor respiratory gating were applied, and animals respired freely during data collection. Mean T(2)* relax...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.706
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative mapping of MR tissue parameters such as the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1 ), the spin-spin relaxation time (T2 ), and the spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (T1ρ ), referred to as MR relaxometry in general, has demonstrated improved assessment in a wide range of clinical applications. Compar...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.4416
更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Diffusion measurements were performed on the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) signal in in situ brains (in vivo and post-mortem) and on in vitro brain tissue at 37 degrees C using wide ranges of b-values (from 0 up to 4.5 x 10(6) s/cm2 and 35.8 x 10(6) s/cm2 for the in vivo and the in vitro cases, respectively). In vivo and i...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199804)11:2<67::aid-nbm503
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To develop a novel respiratory motion compensated three-dimensional (3D) cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF) approach for whole-heart myocardial T1 and T2 mapping from a free-breathing scan. METHODS:Two-dimensional (2D) cMRF has been recently proposed for simultaneous, co-registered T1 and T2 mapp...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.4370
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the association between the total choline (tCho) concentration and the clinical characteristics and biomarker status of breast cancer. Sixty-two patients with breast cancer, 1.5 cm or larger in size on MR images, were studied. The tCho concentration was correlated with the MRI features, contra...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1595
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain activation studies in humans have shown the dynamic nature of neuronal N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) based on changes in their MRS signals in response to stimulation. These studies demonstrated that upon visual stimulation there was a focal increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3629
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the optimal high-level postprocessing of single-voxel (1)H magnetic resonance spectra and assess the benefits and limitations of automated methods as diagnostic aids in the detection of recurrent brain tumor. In a previous clinical study, 90 long-echo-time single-voxel spectra were obtained from 52 patient...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1041
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional methods of measuring magnetization in magnetic fluid samples, such as vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), are typically limited to maximum field strengths of about 1 T. This work demonstrates the ability of MRI to measure the magnetization associated with two commercial MRI contrast agents at 3 T by compa...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1412
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential for using pre-polarized liquids as contrast agents in vivo is investigated and the feasibility of the method demonstrated. In this study we show the enhancement obtained following intravenous delivery of pre-polarized saline into the antecubital vein of a volunteer. This form of contrast agent provides s...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199910)12:6<381::aid-nbm57
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most ovarian tumors are cystic structures containing variable amounts of fluid. Several studies of ovarian cyst fluid focus on one specific metabolite using conventional assay systems. We examined the potential of (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in evaluation of the overall metabolic composition of cyst f...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1099-1492(200008)13:5<297::aid-nbm648>3.0.
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) seems to vary according to the disease stage, which greatly influences the management of PD patients. However, the underlying mechanism of progression in PD remains unclear. This study was designed to explore the progressive pattern of iron accumulation at different stages i...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3489
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we aimed to assess the effects of continuous formalin fixation on diffusion and relaxation metrics of the ex vivo porcine heart at 7 T. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on eight piglet hearts using a 7 T whole body system. Hearts were measured fresh within 3 hours of cardiac arrest followed by im...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.4298
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::(31)P MRS provides a unique non-invasive window into myocardial energy homeostasis. Mouse models of cardiac disease are widely used in preclinical studies, but the application of (31)P MRS in the in vivo mouse heart has been limited. The small-sized, fast-beating mouse heart imposes challenges regarding localized sign...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3371
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-energy phosphate metabolism, which allows the synthesis and regeneration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), is a vital process for neuronal survival and activity. In particular, creatine kinase (CK) serves as an energy reservoir for the rapid buffering of ATP levels. Altered CK enzyme activity, reflecting compromis...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1636
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe and discuss the application of three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to visualize non-invasively the cerebral vasculature of the rat. MR angiograms of healthy spontaneously hypertensive rats were obtained without the use of contrast agents. Total imaging time rang...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199906)12:4<189::aid-nbm55
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main aim of this study was to employ high-resolution MRI to investigate the spatiotemporal development of pathological features associated with contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice. Experimental mice were subjected to either sham surgery or moderate contusive SCI. A 16.4-T small-animal MR system was employed...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.2829
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The leakage of metabolites from frozen and thawed tissue biopsies was measured semi-quantitatively by high-field (8.5 T) proton MRS. Human prostate and rat brain tissue specimens, frozen within 1 min of collection, lost significant and variable amounts of diagnostic metabolites immediately upon thawing. For prostate t...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.815
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-derived, pH-weighted, amide proton transfer (APT) MRI has shown promise in animal studies for the prediction of infarction risk in ischemic tissue. Here, APT MRI was translated to patients with acute stroke (1-24 h post-symptom onset), and assessments of APT contrast, perfu...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3048
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The measurement of pulmonary perfusion (blood delivered to the capillary bed within a voxel) using arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging is often complicated by signal artifacts from conduit vessels that carry blood destined for voxels at a distant location in the lung. One approach to dealing with c...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3358
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the development of a novel technique for functional MRI of the human brain at 0.135 microL resolution for a whole brain section. In comparison with conventional studies at 3 mm isotropic resolution or 27 microL voxel size, the method yields an improvement by a factor of 200. To achieve optimum ima...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.998
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of breast density in the normal breast of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Forty-four breast cancer patients were studied. MRI acquisition was performed before treatment (baseline), and 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. A computer-algorithm-based program...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3006
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Boiling histotripsy (BH) is a new high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation technique to mechanically fragmentize soft tissue into submicrometer fragments. So far, ultrasound has been used for BH treatment guidance and evaluation. The in vivo histopathological effects of this treatment are largely unknown. Her...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3520
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Encoding of spatial information in magnetic resonance imaging is conventionally accomplished by using magnetic field gradients. During gradient encoding, the position in k-space is determined by a time-integral of the gradient field, resulting in a limitation in imaging speed due to either gradient power or secondary ...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.1399
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standard functional MRI (fMRI), which includes resting-state or paradigm-driven designs, is widely used in studies of brain function, aging, and disease. These fMRI studies typically use two-dimensional gradient echo-planar imaging, which inherently contains phase data that enables quantitative susceptibility mapping ...
journal_title:NMR in biomedicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nbm.3619
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00