[Rituximab: its efficacy, effectiveness and safety in the treatment of multiple sclerosis].

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:There is increasing evidence that B cells and humoral immunity play key roles in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ocrelizumab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been shown to be effective in controlling the disease and has recently been aproved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of primary progressive and relapsing MS. While awaiting its marketing authorization, the use of rituximab, with a similar mechanism of action, has expanded widely in the area of demyelinating diseases. AIM:To address the main aspects of efficacy, effectiveness and safety of rituximab in the treatment of MS. DEVELOPMENT:PubMed review of placebo-controlled clinical trials, prospective open label studies, retrospective observational studies, and case series using rituximab in adult MS affected populations were performed. Its impact on the clinical and radiological control of the disease was evaluated, as well as any relevant safety issues. CONCLUSIONS:In all of the studies reviewed, rituximab demonstrated a consistent benefit in controlling inflammatory activity, both clinically, reducing the incidence of relapses, and radiologically, avoiding the appearance of new and/or active lesions. On the contrary, with regards to the progression of disability, its effect is more controversial. Safety profile appears acceptable. Rituximab seems to be an effective and safe drug in the treatment of MS. TITLE:Rituximab: eficacia, efectividad y seguridad en el tratamiento de la esclerosis multiple. :Introduccion. Existe evidencia creciente de que las celulas B y la inmunidad humoral tienen un papel fundamental en la fisiopatogenia de la esclerosis multiple (EM). El ocrelizumab, un anticuerpo monoclonal anti-CD20, ha demostrado ser eficaz en el control de la enfermedad y recientemente ha sido aprobado por la Food and Drug Administration estadounidense para el tratamiento de las formas primariamente progresivas y las formas recidivantes de la EM. A la espera de su comercializacion, el uso del rituximab, con un mecanismo de accion similar, se ha expandido ampliamente en el area de las enfermedades desmielinizantes. Objetivo. Abordar los principales aspectos de eficacia, efectividad y seguridad del rituximab en el tratamiento de la EM. Desarrollo. Se realizo una revision bibliografica a traves de PubMed de los ensayos clinicos controlados con placebo, los estudios prospectivos abiertos, los estudios observacionales retrospectivos y las series de casos que utilizaron rituximab en poblaciones adultas afectas de EM. Se valoro su impacto en el control clinico y radiologico de la enfermedad, asi como los aspectos relevantes de seguridad. Conclusiones. En todos los estudios revisados, el rituximab demostro un beneficio consistente en cuanto al control de la actividad inflamatoria, tanto clinica, reduciendo la incidencia de brotes, como radiologica, evitando la aparicion de lesiones nuevas o activas. Por el contrario, respecto a la progresion de la discapacidad, su efecto es mas controvertido. No se hallaron alertas de seguridad destacables. El rituximab parece ser un farmaco eficaz, efectivo y seguro en el tratamiento de la EM.

journal_name

Rev Neurol

journal_title

Revista de neurologia

authors

Midaglia L,Mora L,Mulero P,Sastre-Garriga J,Montalban X

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-01-01 00:00:00

pages

25-32

issue

1

eissn

0210-0010

issn

1576-6578

pii

rn2017213

journal_volume

66

pub_type

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  • [The coin test].

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    authors: Aldenkamp AP,Vermeulen J

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