Abstract:
:The purpose of this study was to investigate and assess the nutritional practices of open-water swimmers, during the preparation period and the competition, as well as their implications on performance and anthropometric parameters according to their age. Twenty-four (n = 24) men open-water swimmers, twelve young (26.3 ± 4.9 years) and twelve older athletes (45.8 ± 9.7 years), participated in this study. Nutritional behavior-energy intake consumption, and anthropometric characteristics were evaluated prior to the Toroneos Gulf crossing (26 km). In addition, nutritional intakes during the race and anthropometrics after the race were also evaluated. Significant differences between the two groups were found for Toroneos Gulf crossing performance, BMI, and all variables of body composition at the preparation period (P < .05). The results involving energy consumption, in both preparation period and during the race, displayed significant differences between the two groups, while both groups exhibited significantly negative energy balances. During the race, significant differences were found also for the energy expenditure, relative energy intake, negative energy balance, relative consumption of carbohydrates per hour, and relative protein intake (P < .05). In both groups, lower intakes than the recommended were observed for macronutrient-micronutrient elements at any time point. Significant correlations were found between selected variables of body composition, nutritional intakes during the preparation period and the competition, and athletes' performance. In summary, this study provides strong evidence about the malnutrition of ultra-endurance swimmers prior and during their competition, with potential dangers for their health and performance as certain deficiencies in both macro- and micronutrient contents are present.
journal_name
Scand J Med Sci Sportsjournal_title
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sportsauthors
Papadopoulou SK,Xyla EE,Methenitis S,Feidantsis KG,Kotsis Y,Pagkalos IG,Hassapidou MNdoi
10.1111/sms.13006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-01 00:00:00pages
881-892issue
3eissn
0905-7188issn
1600-0838journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The present randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed at investigating the possible improvement in endurance performance caused by inhaled salmeterol (long-acting beta 2-agonist) and salbutamol (short-acting) compared to placebo in 18 healthy well-trained athletes, aged 17-30 years old. Lung function (fl...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00133.x
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skyscraper running is here analyzed in terms of mechanical and metabolic requirements, both at the general and at the individual level. Skyscraper runners' metabolic profile has been inferred from the total mechanical power estimated in 36 world records (48-421 m tall buildings), ranked by gender and age range. Indivi...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01043.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Grounded in the Cognitive Evaluation Theory, the present experiment aimed to compare the relative impact of competence support provided by coaches versus athlete leaders on players' competence satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and performance. METHODS:We recruited 18 existing competitive male basketball team...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13273
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The control region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contains the main regulatory elements for mtDNA replication and transcription. Certain polymorphisms in this region would, therefore, contribute to elite athletic performance, because mitochondrial function is one of determinants of physical performance. The present stud...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01424.x
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Training toward improving performance in sports involving high intense exercise can and is done in many different ways based on a mixture of tradition in the specific sport, coaches' experience and scientific recommendations. Strength training is a form of training that now-a-days have found its way into almost all sp...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01196.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Submaximal field tests are especially recommended when repeated testing is warranted. This study aimed at assessing the validity of the submaximal versions of the Yo-Yo intermittent tests in male recreational football players in untrained and trained status. The participants' (n = 66; age 39.3 ± 5.8 years, VO2max 41.2...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13606
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic and anaerobic work capacities, leg muscle structure and metabolic characteristics of m. vastus lateralis (NT), m. rectus femoris (RG) and mm. gastrocnemii (NT and RG) were analysed in five male and seven female elite orienteers from the Swedish National team (NT) and a reference group (RG) of eight male and 10...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00112.x
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship between pre-performance psychological states and expert performance in non-traditional sport competition. Nineteen elite male sport climbers (M=24.6, SD=4.0 years of age) completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and the Positive and Negative Af...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00904.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the Odense training studies is to elucidate if regular physical training influences the expected decline in physical functional ability in order to assess capacity for postponing dependence in old age. All participants were healthy community-dwelling women representing three different age-cohorts of 65, 75 ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0838.2003.00302.x
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to analyze the participation and performance trends of male triathletes in the "Ironman Switzerland" from 1995 to 2010. Participation trends of all finishers aged between 18 and 64 years were analyzed over the 16-year period by considering four 4-year periods 1995-1998, 1999-2002, 2003-20...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01473.x
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inconsistencies in community size effects found between and within countries (Baker et al Eur J Sport Sci. 2009;9:329-339; Bruner et al J Sports Sci. 2011;29:1337-1344; Wattie et al J Sports Sci. 2018;36:436-444) suggest population size may not be an accurate predictor of athlete development and that other proxies of ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13247
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The involvement of quadriceps femoris muscle portions and fibre type recruitment was studied during submaximal knee-extensor exercise without and with thigh occlusion (OCC) and compared with responses during intense exercise. Six healthy male subjects performed 90-s of moderate exercise without (MOD; 29+/-4 W) and wit...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00801.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heart rate (HR) rises with increased power output, whereby in most healthy individuals, the slope of HR levels off with higher intensity. This corresponds to a downward deflection of the heart rate performance curve (HRPC). Conversely, in patients after myocardial infarction, an upward HRPC deflection is frequentl...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13462
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of Nordic Walking (NW) as a rehabilitation modality has increased considerably. NW (walking with poles) is advocated as a healthy physical activity that reduces the load on the knees. Few studies using the techniques of NW exist, and the findings are contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate whet...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00699.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our aim was to investigate the presence of mechanical hypersensitivity and active trigger points (TrPs) in the neck-shoulder muscles in elite swimmers with/without unilateral shoulder pain. Seventeen elite swimmers with shoulder pain; 18 swimmers without shoulder pain; and 15 elite athletes matched controls were recru...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01331.x
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of long distance running on bone metabolism, using the biochemical markers ICTP (the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen), PICP (the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen), osteocalcin and bALP (bone specific alkaline phosp...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00066.x
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the blood pressure lowering effects of a bout of exercise and/or antihypertensive medicine with the goal of studying if exercise could substitute or enhance pharmacologic hypertension treatment. Twenty-three hypertensive metabolic syndrome patients chronically medicated with angiotensin II receptor 1 blocka...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/sms.13218
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The history dependence of force is an intrinsic property of muscle whereby a muscle actively shortened or lengthened to an isometric steady-state produces less (residual force depression; rFD) or more force (residual force enhancement; rFE), respectively, than a purely isometric contraction at the same muscle length a...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13842
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypoestrogenemia due to menopause is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk, in part due to elevated indexes of aortic wave reflection (AWRI) and central (aortic) blood pressure. We sought to investigate whether AWRI and central blood pressure are also augmented in hypoestrogenic exercise-trai...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13647
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study focused on identifying the most important factors determining performance in elite-level air rifle shooting technique. Forty international- and national-level shooters completed a simulated air rifle shooting competition series. From a total of 13 795 shots in 319 tests, shooting score and 17 aiming point t...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.12440
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Entheses are regions of high-stress concentration that are commonly affected by overuse injuries in sport. This review summarizes current knowledge of their structure-function relationships - at the macroscopic, microscopic and molecular levels. Consideration is given to how stress concentration is reduced at fibrocar...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00689.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle performance is closely related to the structure and function of tendons and aponeuroses, the sheet-like, intramuscular parts of tendons. The architecture of aponeuroses has been difficult to study with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because these thin, collagen-rich connective tissues have very short transver...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.13407
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of curcumin (CUR) ingestion before or after exercise on changes in muscle damage and inflammatory responses after exercise. We conducted two parallel experiments with different CUR ingestion timings using a double-blind crossover. In Exp. 1, ten healthy men ingested 180 mg d-1 of CUR or placebo ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/sms.13373
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the integrative neural and contractile determinants of human knee extension explosive force production. Forty untrained participants performed voluntary and involuntary (supramaximally evoked twitches and octets - eight pulses at 300 Hz that elicit the maximum possible rate of force development) ex...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.12131
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overarm movements are essential skills in many different sport games; however, the adaptations to different sports are not well understood. The aim of the study was to analyze upper-body kinematics in the team-handball throw, tennis serve, and volleyball spike, and to calculate differences in the proximal-to-distal se...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01503.x
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the nature, extent and severity of sports injuries in young female players in European team handball and to identify the etiological factors involved in the injuries. Twenty-two teams with 217 players, aged 16-18 years, participated in the study. A very high injury incidence du...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00164.x
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To compare the predictive capacity of experimental pain and exercised-induced pain (EIP) on exercise performance. Thirty-two recreationally active male (n = 23) and female (n = 9) participants were recruited. Participants completed measures of pain tolerance by cold pressor test (CPT), pain pressure threshold via algo...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.12659
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have evaluated the results after rehabilitation and compared this to inferior capsular shift in patients with multidirectional hyperlaxity (MDH). The patients (n=35) experienced either instability and/or pain. We divided the patients into two groups: one group (group A) included patients with MDH and only pain but ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1998.tb00462.x
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reveals the lipoprotein subclass pattern associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in healthy children. Serum concentrations of lipoprotein subclasses and concentrations and average particle size of their main classes were quantified in 94 ethnic Norwegian children using high-performance liquid chroma...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sms.12897
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between blood rheology and hemodynamics is complex, and the following review presents several aspects of exercise hemorheology, with the focus on both cycling and running as exercise. The scientific literature assessing the effects of warm environment on exercise hemorheology is presented and the pote...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01208.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00