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Neurodevelopmental Outcome After a Single Course of Antenatal Steroids in Children Born Preterm: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review and integrate data on the neurodevelopmental outcome of children after administration of a single course of antenatal corticosteroids for threatened preterm labor. DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL, and www.clinicaltrials.gov (inception to August 2014) using combinations of the terms "prenatal," "antenatal," "cortico*," "*steroid*," "betamethasone," "dexamethasone," "neurodevelopment*," "*development*," and "follow-up." We perused the references of the retrieved articles. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:We included randomized and nonrandomized trials reporting on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children whose mothers were administered a single course of betamethasone or dexamethasone antenatally for threatened preterm birth as opposed to placebo or no treatment. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:Summary risk ratio (RR) was calculated for dichotomous data; standardized mean difference was calculated for trials that measured the same outcome but used different methods. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I statistic. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were planned according to study design, specific steroid, and mean gestational age at birth. A single course of antenatal corticosteroids was associated with reduced risk for cerebral palsy (seven studies; treated: 390 of 5,199, untreated: 146 of 1,379; RR 0.678, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.564-0.815), psychomotor development index less than 70 (two studies; treated: 783 of 3,049, untreated: 258 of 969; RR 0.829, 95% CI 0.737-0.933), and severe disability (five studies; treated: 1,567 of 4,840, untreated: 475 of 1,211; RR 0.787, 95% CI 0.729-0.850). Steroid treatment increased the rates of intact survival (six studies; treated: 1,082 of 2,013, untreated: 273 of 561; RR 1.186, 95% CI 1.056-1.332). Betamethasone was found to significantly decrease the risk for severe disability and increase the rate of intact survival. Dexamethasone increased the rate of intact survival; however, data for dexametasone and the other planned subgroup analyses were limited (fewer than 1,000 children at most). The major limitations involved inclusion of nonrandomized studies and scarcity of data on finer neurodevelopmental outcomes. CONCLUSION:A single course of antenatal corticosteroids in women at high risk for preterm birth appears to improve most neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring born before 34 weeks of gestation.

journal_name

Obstet Gynecol

journal_title

Obstetrics and gynecology

authors

Sotiriadis A,Tsiami A,Papatheodorou S,Baschat AA,Sarafidis K,Makrydimas G

doi

10.1097/AOG.0000000000000748

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1385-1396

issue

eissn

0029-7844

issn

1873-233X

pii

00006250-201506000-00018

journal_volume

125

pub_type

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Neurodevelopmental Outcome After a Single Course of Antenatal Steroids in Children Born Preterm: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.