Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To assess the association of education, performance feedback, and the Hawthorne effect with a reduction in the episiotomy rate in a large academic institution. METHODS:We describe a prospective observational study of a project conducted between March 2012 and February 2017 to assist clinicians in meeting the Leapfrog Group (www.leapfroggroup.org) target rates for episiotomy. Phases of this project included preintervention (phase 1, March 2012 to April 2014), education and provision of collective department episiotomy rates (phase 2, May 2014 to December 2014), ongoing education with emphasis on a revised Leapfrog target rate (phase 3, January 2015 to February 2016), and provision of individual episiotomy rates to practitioners on a monthly basis (phase 4, March 2016 to February 2017). We analyzed the department episiotomy rates before, during, and after these efforts. Cases of shoulder dystocia were excluded from this analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed Student t test and χ test with P<.05 considered significant. RESULTS:During the study period 1,176 episiotomies were performed in 16,441 vaginal deliveries (7.2%). In phase 2 (2,352 vaginal deliveries), there was a nonsignificant drop in the episiotomy rate with education alone (9.0-8.2%, P=.21). In phase 3 (4,379 vaginal deliveries), the episiotomy rate demonstrated an additional, significant drop to 5.9% (P<.001), but this reduction did not reach the new Leapfrog goal of 5%. In phase 4 (3,160 vaginal deliveries), the hospital episiotomy rate again dropped significantly from 5.9% to 4.37% (P=.007) and met the target rate of 5%. This reduction was sustained over a 12-month time period. During this same time period, the rate of operative vaginal delivery among vaginal births increased (4.5-5.4%, P=.003) and there was no significant change in the rates of third- and fourth-degree perineal laceration (3.8-3.3%, P=.19). CONCLUSION:Education, performance feedback, and the Hawthorne effect were associated with a reduction in the episiotomy rate in a large academic institution without a reduction in the rate of operative vaginal delivery or an increase in the rate of third- and fourth-degree lacerations.
journal_name
Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
Obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Zhang-Rutledge K,Clark SL,Denning S,Timmins A,Dildy GA,Gandhi Mdoi
10.1097/AOG.0000000000002060subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-01 00:00:00pages
146-150issue
1eissn
0029-7844issn
1873-233Xjournal_volume
130pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The serum concentration of prolactin and the presence of galactorrhea were evaluated systematically in a prospective study of the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). In 21 patients, the diagnosis of PCO was made by laparoscopy. Three women presented with galactorrhea and inc...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics was studied prospectively in 26 women undergoing retropubic urethropexy for genuine stress incontinence. Each of the 14 patients in the antibiotic prophylaxis group received three 1-g doses of intravenous cefazolin administered before, during, and 6-8 hours after surgery. ...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the cost-effectiveness of universal group B streptococci (GBS) screening in women with a singleton pregnancy planning a repeat cesarean delivery. METHODS:We conducted a decision analysis from a health care perspective to compare the cost-effectiveness of GBS screening for women planning a repeat ...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000001800
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obstetrician-gynecologists, in collaboration with midwives, nurses, patients, and those who support them in labor, can help women meet their goals for labor and birth by using techniques that require minimal interventions and have high rates of patient satisfaction. Many common obstetric practices are of limited or un...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003081
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The short gracilis myocutaneous flap derives its blood supply from terminal branches of the obturator artery, and the vascular pedicle derived from the medial femoral circumflex artery is sacrificed. Twenty-one short gracilis myocutaneous flaps were used for vulvovaginal reconstructions in 11 patients undergoing radic...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate weekly stripping of membranes at term to determine its safety and effectiveness in reducing the incidence of prolonged and postterm pregnancies. METHODS:One hundred forty-two pregnant women with certain gestational dates were randomly selected to receive, starting at 38 weeks, either weekly strip...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0029-7844(96)00046-4
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postterm pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that has reached or extended beyond 42 0/7 weeks of gestation from the last menstrual period (LMP), whereas a late-term pregnancy is defined as one that has reached between 41 0/7 weeks and 41 6/7 weeks of gestation (). In 2011, the overall incidence of postterm pregnancy in th...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000452744.06088.48
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe a second-stage partogram based on a system of scoring the descent and position of the fetal head and to use this system for studying progress in the second stage of labor and predicting mode of delivery and obstetric outcome. METHODS:A prospective observational study of 1413 women at term with a ...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(00)00981-9
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiovascular effects of ritodrine tocolytic therapy were assessed by noninvasive simultaneous recordings of indirect carotid pulse, electrocardiogram (ECG), phonocardiogram, and M-mode echocardiogram in 12 patients in preterm labor. The study was performed before and during infusion, and afterward when the patie...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After maternal acetaminophen overdose, fetal fulminant liver failure, stillbirth, neonatal death, or preterm delivery may occur. CASE:A 27-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, presented at 28 weeks of gestation after unintentional acetaminophen overdose. Four days after ingestion, her laboratory values worsene...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002089
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nearly unique case is presented of pleural and peritoneal endometriosis with bloody pleural effusion and 4700 cc of bloody ascites. Theories of pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and treatment are discussed. This represents another of the protean manifestations of endometriosis to complement the many others descr...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of estradiol (E2) replacement therapy on cardiac structure and function in healthy postmenopausal women. METHODS:We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of 31 healthy postmenopausal female volunteer study subjects (55-65 years) using 12 weeks of micro...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(96)00521-2
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a group of inherited connective tissue diseases demonstrating autosomal-dominant, autosomal-recessive, and X-linked inheritance patterns. The diagnosis can be established by clinical, biochemical, and genetic findings. CASE:Our nulliparous patient presented with an unspecified diag...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181898cbf
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of corpus uteri, cervix uteri, and ovarian malignancy in women undergoing hysterectomy or myomectomy for presumed benign indications. METHODS:We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2014-2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Adu...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002521
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether outpatient administration of intracervical prostaglandin (PG) E2 gel decreases the interval to delivery and duration of labor. METHODS:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial compared the intracervical placement of 0.5 mg PGE2 gel with placebo in 61 pregnant women at 38 week...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00244-6
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood samples were obtained from 5 women during the menstrual cycle in which they had conceived. Although neither the women nor their physicians were clinically aware that conception had occurred, one or more of the blood specimens from each woman contained human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), as measured by a specific...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-two patients with primary amenorrhea were retrospectively categorized into 4 groups: 1) breast development absent and uterus present (29 patients), 2) breast development present and uterus absent (9 patients), 3) both breast development and uterus absent (2 patients), and 4) both breast development and uterus pr...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate whether tissue DNA genotyping is effective for the confirmation and subclassification of hydatidiform moles. METHODS:Consecutive cases of products of conception were selected based on histologic alterations that are suspicious for molar pregnancy. DNA genotyping was performed by a multiplex polym...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181d489ec
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind randomized trial of antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 49 patients undergoing extended pelvic surgery for adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. In this series infections of the Hemovac drain site(s) were most common (8 of 10 infections); only 1 serious infection, pelvic cellulitis, occurred. Short-t...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seizure disorders frequently are diagnosed and managed during adolescence; therefore, obstetrician-gynecologists who care for adolescents should be familiar with epilepsy and other seizure disorders, as well as antiepileptic drugs. Patients diagnosed with seizure disorders during childhood may have increased seizure a...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003828
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adverse outcomes, preventable or otherwise, are a reality of medical care. Most importantly, adverse events affect patients, but they also affect health care practitioners. Disclosing information about adverse events has benefits for the patient and the physician and, ideally, strengthens the patient-physician relatio...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000001813
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of spontaneous synergistic bacterial gangrene occurring after external pelvic irradiation is presented in a 25-year-old woman with invasive cervical cancer. Treatment consisted of aggressive antibiotic therapy and extensive excision and debridement followed by split-thickness skin grafting. Both recovery and co...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The first transdermal drug delivery system was introduced in the United States over 20 years ago. Created as an alternative route of administration to improve patient compliance as well as to reduce side effects, the transdermal delivery of drugs now represents a $1.5 to $2 billion market and is growing ra...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000161958.70059.db
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen patients with stage IB or IIA neuroendocrine small-cell cervical cancer were treated either by operation alone or operation in combination with postoperative radiotherapy at the University of California, Irvine Medical Center, and Memorial Medical Center of Long Beach, between January 1979 and February 1986. ...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The importance of a broad differential diagnosis is highlighted by a complex patient case. CASE:A young woman returned from her honeymoon complaining of activity-limiting pain. The evaluation revealed multiple constitutional symptoms, a breast mass, a large pelvic mass, pulmonary abnormalities, an external ...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000244102.38691.d3
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the relationship between hormonal parameters of diminished ovarian reserve and the incidence of aneuploid blastocysts. METHODS:This prospective cohort trial was performed in a private in vitro fertilization clinic. Three hundred seventy-two patients underwent in vitro fertilization with blastocys...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e318278eeda
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four hundred sixty-five primary cesarean sections (10.4% of total deliveries) performed during 1977 and 1978 were reviewed and compared with 465 vaginal deliveries to ascertain factors that may be related to postpartum infection. The overall morbidity (19.7%) related to postpartum infection in the primary cesarean sec...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the potential role of childhood and adulthood physical and sexual abuse and complaints of chronic pain in accounting for psychiatric symptomatology in adult women. METHODS:We assessed sexual abuse, physical abuse, depression, anxiety, and somatization in 64 women with chronic pelvic pain, 42 women ...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and two types of oral contraceptives (OC) on bone mineral density (BMD) among women 18-33 years of age with those not using hormonal contraception. METHODS:Data from 155 women were analyzed. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate was administered t...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01495-8
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate risk factors and prevalence of anal incontinence among women with pelvic floor dysfunctions. METHODS:We evaluated 881 women with symptoms of urinary incontinence and/or genital prolapse. Each completed a bowel questionnaire and underwent a detailed medical, surgical, obstetric, and gynecologic...
journal_title:Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02215-9
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00