Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Scheduled Compared With Unscheduled Cesarean Delivery.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To identify characteristics associated with high inpatient daily opioid consumption after cesarean delivery. METHODS:This is a retrospective cohort study of all cesarean deliveries performed under neuraxial anesthesia with neuraxial morphine, at a single institution from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015. Women with preoperative opioid use disorder or chronic opioid use were excluded. Sociodemographic data, medical comorbidities, use of anxiolytics or antidepressants, smoking history, nonopioid substance use, intrapartum and cesarean delivery characteristics, and opioid consumption data (converted to morphine milligram equivalents) were abstracted. We defined high opioid use as a mean daily opioid consumption, standardized to the postoperative length of stay (excluding the first 24 postoperative hours to account for neuraxial morphine), greater than the 75th percentile of all opioid consumption. We used multivariable Poisson regression, stratified by whether or not cesarean delivery was scheduled, to identify characteristics associated with high opioid consumption. RESULTS:Among 949 women who underwent cesarean delivery, the mean (SD) and median (interquartile range) daily opioid consumption was 48.6 (22.8) and 44.6 (36.6-66.6) morphine milligram equivalents, respectively. Among those women with high opioid consumption, the mean (SD) and median (interquartile range) daily opioid consumption was 78.8 (8.5) and 78.3 (72.9-83.5) morphine milligram equivalents, respectively. Daily opioid consumption among those with high consumption was similar among women with scheduled compared with unscheduled cesarean delivery. Sociodemographic characteristics were similar among women with and without high opioid consumption. No sociodemographic, antepartum, or intrapartum characteristics were associated with high opioid consumption for either women having unscheduled or scheduled cesarean deliveries. CONCLUSION:For a quarter of women undergoing cesarean delivery, daily consumption of opioids is equivalent to 10 tablets of oxycodone 5 mg daily. No characteristics were associated with high opioid use for women having a scheduled or unscheduled cesarean delivery. Understanding opioid consumption after cesarean delivery is critical to managing women's postoperative pain while decreasing opioid exposure and risks of long-term opioid use disorder.

journal_name

Obstet Gynecol

authors

Prabhu M,Dolisca S,Wood R,James K,Bateman BT,Barth WH Jr,Wylie BJ

doi

10.1097/AOG.0000000000003087

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-02-01 00:00:00

pages

354-363

issue

2

eissn

0029-7844

issn

1873-233X

pii

00006250-201902000-00017

journal_volume

133

pub_type

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