Abstract：
:This article has reviewed the current knowledge regarding the occurrence and possible role of oxygen radical generation and lipid peroxidation in acute CNS injury. Although much work remains, three criteria required to establish the pathophysiologic importance of oxygen radical reactions in post-traumatic events have been met, at least in part. First, oxygen radical generation and lipid peroxidative reactions appear to be early biochemical events subsequent to CNS injury. Second, a growing body of direct or circumstantial evidence suggests that these reactions are causally linked to pathophysiologic processes such as hypoperfusion, edema, axonal or synaptic conduction failure, and anterograde (Wallerian) degeneration. Third, compounds that inhibit lipid peroxidation or scavenge oxygen radicals can block post-traumatic pathophysiology and promote nervous tissue function and survival in experimental studies. Nevertheless, the importance of oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation ultimately depends on whether it can be more clearly demonstrated that early application of effective antifree radical or antiperoxidative agents can promote survival and neurologic recovery after CNS injury in humans.
journal_name
Crit Care Clinjournal_title
Critical care clinicsauthors
Hall EDsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-10-01 00:00:00pages
793-805issue
4eissn
0749-0704issn
1557-8232journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The proliferation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the severity of nosocomial critical care infections necessitate the development of viable alternative therapies. An increase in the tolerance of MRSA to the activity of vancomycin and to the associated suboptimal therapeutic measures is of par...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2007.12.010
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial proportion of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) are elderly patients. Based upon population growth, patient preference, and current physician practice, the number of elderly patients who receive critical care services is likely to increase substantially over the next 10 to 20 years. Numero...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00051-4
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) consist mainly of Enterococcus faecalis and E faecium, the latter mostly hospital-acquired. In addition, E gallinarum and E casseliflavus are intrinsically vancomycin-resistant and are community-acquired. VRE have become common in many hospitals throughout the world and, once est...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2013.06.006
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In pediatric trauma care, many long-held tenets of management have been revised. This article reviews the latest advances in pediatric trauma care, particularly in the areas of resuscitation and management of thoracic and abdominal injuries. The final topic is a discussion of what the intensivist and surgeon must know...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00005-8
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, advances in critical care and mechanical ventilation have resulted in an increased salvage of critically ill patients, a number of whom require long-term ventilation as a means of life support. In addition, the total number of patients receiving long-term ventilation has increased dramatically over the pas...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of ultrasonography in medical practice has evolved dramatically over the last few decades and will continue to improve as technological advances are incorporated into daily medical practice. Although ultrasound machine size and equipment have evolved, the basic principles and fundamental functions have remaine...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2013.08.006
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proper care of the severely injured patient will require the development of a new anesthesia specialist. The trauma anesthesiologist, like the cardiovascular anesthesiologist, must become thoroughly familiar with one disease. The anesthesiologist who manages patients with traumatic disease must become an expert in cri...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasodilators that affect the pulmonary vasculature are appealing adjuncts in many cardiopulmonary conditions that require mechanical ventilation such as ARDS, COPD, PPHN, and cardiothoracic surgery. The adverse systemic effects of parenteral PGE1 and parenteral prostacyclin limit their usefulness in critically ill pat...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70023-3
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The EMR in the ICU has the utility of providing the necessary information to make sound clinical decisions for critically ill patients. For it to be optimized, the EMR must be more than just what is being replicated in the written record or merely a documentation tool; it must add value that supports and enhances clin...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70068-3
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is important that educators in the intensive care unit (ICU) provide physicians in training with the guidance and experience requisite in developing foundational skills in value-based medical practice. This article discusses the underlying philosophy of ethically based medical decision making and describes the comp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70215-3
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Improving the course and outcome of patients with ARDS presents a considerable challenge. An important component of meeting this challenge is a more comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneous pathophysiology of ARDS and the biologic response of the individual patient. This understanding may be developed through ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00072-1
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caring for the new quadriplegic is an immense undertaking involving multiple health care professionals who must function as a team. The physician in charge must understand rehabilitation principles and be able to communicate with all members of the team caring for the patient. Rehabilitation principles, if considered ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The critically ill patient presents a pharmaceutical dilemma, with the clinical condition often necessitating the administration of potent medications. The underlying disease process often includes or produces multi-system failure, which will subsequently alter the response to drugs, with the potential to further comp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critically ill cancer patients have a higher incidence of acute kidney injury treated with renal replacement therapy than critically ill patients without cancer. Acute kidney injury may occur as a direct or indirect consequence of the cancer itself, its treatment, or associated complications. Several recent studies ha...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2009.09.002
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute respiratory failure is common in critically ill children, who are at increased risk of respiratory embarrassment because of the developmental variations in the respiratory system. Although multiple etiologies exist, pneumonia and bronchiolitis are most common. Respiratory system monitoring has evolved, with the ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.12.004
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than one-half million patients are hospitalized annually for traumatic brain injury (TBI). One-quarter demonstrate sleep-disordered breathing, up to 50% experience insomnia, and half have hypersomnia. Sleep disturbances after TBI may result from injury to sleep-regulating brain tissue, nonspecific neurohormonal r...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2015.03.012
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain injury represents the major cause of long-term disability and mortality among patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Brain-directed therapies include maintenance of normal oxygenation, hemodynamic support to optimize cerebral perfusion, glycemic control, and targeted temperature management. Pertinent guideli...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2014.06.007
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laboratory testing is ubiquitous among hospitalized patients and is more common among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite its high cost and prevalence, there are few data to support the current practice of laboratory testing in most ICUs. Although testing offers considerable potential benefits, it is no...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2007.07.005
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decisions to admit and discharge patients to and from the intensive care unit (ICU) when resources are scarce should be made according to the triage principle--that is, resources should be allocated based on the patient's ability to benefit from critical care. The ICU organizational structure and the constraints on de...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The leukotrienes are a group of biologically active products of arachidonic acid metabolism that have been demonstrated to possess the capability to alter vascular reactivity as well as vascular permeability when applied topically to tissues or infused into the vascular bed of various organs. These biologic effects of...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the history of critical care medicine's cooperation with ethics, relates some lessons learned from this cooperation, identifies implications for other chronic and acute settings, and gives some suggestions for governmental and social input into the solution of the difficult ethical questions fac...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in supporting adult refractory respiratory failure continues to evolve. Technical advances and the clinical challenges of H1N1 associated severe ARDS have spurred a resurgence of interest in ECMO. Published systematic review and pooled analyses point out the limit...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2011.05.009
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in the area of pediatric medicine during the past few years have presented ethical dilemmas for the physician to consider. This article discusses the ethical principles upon which clinical reasoning and judgments can be made. ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The most important adaptive responses from a physiological stance involved the cardiovascular system, consisting in particular of elevation of the cardiac output and its redistribution to favor the coronary and cerebral circulations, at the expense of the splanchnic vascular beds. The evidence regarding these physiolo...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2004.01.001
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early recognition of the sepsis syndrome, prompt administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, surgical intervention when indicated, and aggressive supportive care in intensive care units remain the therapeutic strategies for patients with sepsis. Antibiotic selection is based on many factors including the most probab...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70108-1
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical agents of warfare are divided into lung agents, blood agents, vesicants, and nerve agents. Intensivists must familiarize themselves with the clinical presentation and management principles in the event of a chemical attack. Key principles in management include aggressive supportive care and early administrati...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2019.05.002
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measuring cardiac output without knowledge of the oxygen extraction by the tissues is of limited value. Instead of calculating oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery, a diagram relating cardiac index to the oxygen extraction ratio is proposed to interpret hemodynamic data at the bedside. This diagram is particularly h...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70288-8
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As health care expenditures increase, payers, including the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, are moving away from reimbursement based on types and volume of services to an emphasis on quality of provided care, an approach called value-based purchasing (VBP). Because it is tied to reimbursement, VBP creates ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Total parenteral nutrition was developed in the 1960s and has since been implemented commonly in the intensive care unit (ICU). Studies published in the 1980s and early 1990s indicate that the use of total parenteral nutrition is associated with increased mortality and infectious morbidity. These detrimental effects w...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In July 2001, the United States Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health care Organizations adopted a new leadership standard that requires department heads in health care organizations to perform at least one Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) every year. This proactive approach to error prevention has prove...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2004.07.005
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
