Determination of oxygen delivery and consumption versus cardiac index and oxygen extraction ratio.

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States,and thus its clinical and economic implications are enormous. In an increasingly cost-conscious economic environment, it is important to understand not only the effectiveness of treatments and technologies but also their cost-effectiveness. The ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Chen J,Rizzo JA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability, portability, safety, and other features of ultrasound have ushered this relatively new imaging modality into the everyday clinical practice of multiple disciplines. Features unique to ultrasound lend this imaging modality the opportunity for extensive use in the ICU. A review of its uses in this capa...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Beagle GL

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Providing nutritional support has become a standard component of managing critically ill patients. While many studies have documented that providing nutritional support can change nutritional outcomes (e.g., amino acid profile, weight gain, nitrogen balance), data are lacking that demonstrate that nutrition actually i...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Heyland DK

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article is intended to inform the reader of the current state of the art of pneumatically powered artificial hearts, including animal experiments and information available on 11 recipients of orthotopically placed devices. ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Olsen DB,Taenaka Y

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Timely performance and accurate interpretation of portable chest radiographs in the ICU setting are fundamental components of quality care. Teamwork between intensive care clinicians and radiologists is necessary to assure that the appropriate studies, of high technical quality, are obtained. By working together to in...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Cascade PN,Kazerooni EA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged intubation and mechanical ventilation following cardiac surgery have been associated with increased hospital and intensive care unit length of stays; higher health care costs; and morbidity resulting from atelectasis, intrapulmonary shunting, and pneumonia. Early extubation was developed as a strategy in the...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： McCarthy C,Fletcher N

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the fiberscope in the management of difficult and failed intubations has been well established and the importance of learning this valuable skill has been emphasized. Nonetheless, the fiberscope is underutilized in anesthesia and critical care practices because of a high rate of intubation failure. The mai...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Ovassapian A,Randel GI

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical agents of warfare are divided into lung agents, blood agents, vesicants, and nerve agents. Intensivists must familiarize themselves with the clinical presentation and management principles in the event of a chemical attack. Key principles in management include aggressive supportive care and early administrati...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Mishra R,Geiling J

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of critically ill patients necessitates the use of sedatives and analgesics to provide patient comfort and cooperation. These drugs exert profound effects on all organ systems, not only the central nervous system, and this article describes the immunologic effects of the commonly used critical care seda...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Sanders RD,Hussell T,Maze M

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Providing effective critical care to vascular surgical patients is challenging to the intensivist. These patients often have multiple significant concurrent diseases that need to be adequately managed. A selective policy for identifying patients that need ICU is recommended. Early and smooth restoration to their preop...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Gopalan PD,Burrows RC

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethical issues that arise in the care of pregnant women are challenging to physicians, especially in critical care situations. By familiarizing themselves with the concepts of medical ethics in obstetrics, physicians will become more capable of approaching complex ethical situations with a clear and structured framewo...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Ali N,Coonrod DV,McCormick TR

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrahospital transport of critically ill patients must be considered as part of the critical care continuum. The level of care provided must be commensurate with the severity of illness. These transfers are intensive in terms of utilization of personnel and resources. Advance preparation and optimal coordination of t...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Venkataraman ST,Orr RA

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is important that educators in the intensive care unit (ICU) provide physicians in training with the guidance and experience requisite in developing foundational skills in value-based medical practice. This article discusses the underlying philosophy of ethically based medical decision making and describes the comp...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Crausman RS,Armstrong JD 2nd

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pregnant patient with normal cardiac function can accommodate many significant alterations in the cardiovascular system without difficulty. Pregnancy in a patient with significant cardiac disease, however, can be extremely hazardous, resulting in decompensation and even death. these conditions account for up to 30...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Clark SL

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the geriatric population in the United States increases and better management of chronic diseases improves survival, more elderly will become critically ill and potentially require treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU). Dan Callahan has written, "... we will live longer lives, be better sustained by medical car...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Mularski RA,Osborne ML

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias remain relatively commonplace in the ICU. Proper pharmacologic treatment requires that the clinician recognize accompanying disease states that may alter the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antiarrhythmic drugs. In addition, knowledge of cardiovascular toxicity, no...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Nolan PE Jr,Raehl CL

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolving understanding of pathophysiologic events during and after pediatric cardiac arrest has not yet resulted in significantly improved outcome. Exciting breakthroughs in basic and applied science laboratories are, however, on the immediate horizon for study in specific subpopulations of cardiac arrest victims....

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Morris MC,Nadkarni VM

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appropriate starting point for a history of neurocritical care is a matter of debate, and the organization of facts and conjectures about it must be somewhat arbitrary. Intensive care for neurosurgical patients dates back to the work of Walter Dandy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in the 1930s; many consider his cre...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Bleck TP

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The leukotrienes are a group of biologically active products of arachidonic acid metabolism that have been demonstrated to possess the capability to alter vascular reactivity as well as vascular permeability when applied topically to tissues or infused into the vascular bed of various organs. These biologic effects of...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Sprague RS,Stephenson AH,Dahms TE,Lonigro AJ

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute respiratory failure is common in critically ill children, who are at increased risk of respiratory embarrassment because of the developmental variations in the respiratory system. Although multiple etiologies exist, pneumonia and bronchiolitis are most common. Respiratory system monitoring has evolved, with the ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Schneider J,Sweberg T

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anemia is common in critically ill patients, but treatment with red blood cell transfusions can have unwanted effects. Limiting the occurrence and severity of anemia by using erythropoietic agents (iron and/or recombinant erythropoietin), therefore, remains an attractive option during the intensive care unit stay but ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Piagnerelli M,Vincent JL

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Procalcitonin is a biomarker that is generally elevated in bacterial infections. This review describes a conceptual framework for biomarkers using lessons from the history of troponin, applies this framework to procalcitonin with a review of observational studies and randomized trials in and out of the intensive care ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Hamade B,Huang DT

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary uses of FFB in the intensive care unit are in the diagnosis of opportunistic infection and for airway management. In addition, use of PTC brush or BAL with quantitative cultures may allow identification of the specific cause of bacterial pneumonia. Determination of the location and cause of pulmonary hemor...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Dellinger RP,Bandi V

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in the area of pediatric medicine during the past few years have presented ethical dilemmas for the physician to consider. This article discusses the ethical principles upon which clinical reasoning and judgments can be made. ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Todres ID

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiogenic shock remains the most dreaded complication of acute myocardial infarction. Mortality rates remain high despite modern interventional therapy. Patients with a variety of other cardiovascular entities may also develop cardiogenic shock. Management consists of rapid stabilization of systemic arterial blood p...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Alpert JS,Becker RC

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The field of neuroendovascular therapy is rapidly growing. New technology and operators' expertise is developing at a pace that will make this discipline progressively more available and successful. For the intensive care of patients who have acute brain ischemia, new techniques of recanalizing occluded arteries are p...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Gomez CR,Wadlington VR,Terry JB,Tulyapronchote R

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thyrotoxic patient offers a considerable challenge to the critical care physician because the "obvious" diagnosis often will be a cardiac (or other nonthyroidal) problem, but the "correct" diagnosis will be an endocrinologic one. The importance of considering the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis in any patient with tac...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Reasner CA 2nd,Isley WL

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bioterrorism is not only a reality of the times in which we live but bioweapons have been used for centuries. Critical care physicians play a major role in the recognition of and response to a bioterrorism attack. Critical care clinicians must be familiar with the diagnosis and management of the most likely bioterrori...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Christian MD

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Access to critical care is rapidly growing in areas of the world where it was previously nonexistent and where infectious diseases often comprise the largest disease burden. Additionally, with crowding, mass migrations, and air travel, infectious diseases previously geographically confined are quickly spread across th...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Murthy S,Keystone J,Kissoon N

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute renal failure continues to be a common occurrence in critically ill cancer patients. It frequently results from a combination of risk factors, which include the following: hemodynamic alterations associated with renal ischemia; exposure to nephrotoxic drugs; urinary tract obstruction; and specific abnormalities ...

journal_title：Critical care clinics

authors： Flombaum CD

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00