Abstract:
UNLABELLED:Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are a historically important source of zoonotic viruses and are a gold-standard model for research on many human pathogens. However, with the exception of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) (family Retroviridae), the blood-borne viruses harbored by these animals in the wild remain incompletely characterized. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of two novel simian pegiviruses (family Flaviviridae) and two novel simian arteriviruses (family Arteriviridae) in wild African green monkeys from Zambia (malbroucks [Chlorocebus cynosuros]) and South Africa (vervet monkeys [Chlorocebus pygerythrus]). We examine several aspects of infection, including viral load, genetic diversity, evolution, and geographic distribution, as well as host factors such as age, sex, and plasma cytokines. In combination with previous efforts to characterize blood-borne RNA viruses in wild primates across sub-Saharan Africa, these discoveries demonstrate that in addition to SIV, simian pegiviruses and simian arteriviruses are widespread and prevalent among many African cercopithecoid (i.e., Old World) monkeys. IMPORTANCE:Primates are an important source of viruses that infect humans and serve as an important laboratory model of human virus infection. Here, we discover two new viruses in African green monkeys from Zambia and South Africa. In combination with previous virus discovery efforts, this finding suggests that these virus types are widespread among African monkeys. Our analysis suggests that one of these virus types, the simian arteriviruses, may have the potential to jump between different primate species and cause disease. In contrast, the other virus type, the pegiviruses, are thought to reduce the disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in humans. However, we did not observe a similar protective effect in SIV-infected African monkeys coinfected with pegiviruses, possibly because SIV causes little to no disease in these hosts.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Bailey AL,Lauck M,Ghai RR,Nelson CW,Heimbruch K,Hughes AL,Goldberg TL,Kuhn JH,Jasinska AJ,Freimer NB,Apetrei C,O'Connor DHdoi
10.1128/JVI.00573-16subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-11 00:00:00pages
6724-6737issue
15eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
JVI.00573-16journal_volume
90pub_type
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doi:10.1128/JVI.13.1.22-27.1974
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.22.12140-12146.2004
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01498-13
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00650-12
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The feline homolog of the alpha-chemokine receptor CXCR4 has recently been shown to support cell-cell fusion mediated by CXCR4-dependent strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) that have been selected for growth in the Crandell feline kidney (CrFK) cell line. In...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.8.6475-6481.1998
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paramyxoviral family contains many medically important viruses, including measles virus, mumps virus, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and the deadly zoonotic henipaviruses Hendra and Nipah virus (NiV). To both enter host cells and spread from cell to cell within infected ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01469-16
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.2.1110-1121.1993
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified reovirus serotype 1, encapsulated in biodegradable aqueous microcapsules, was found to bypass maternal antibody passively transferred by suckling to neonates. Genetically identical, immunocompetent F1 scid/+ mice were generated by the reciprocal crosses of C.B17 scid/scid and normal congenic +/+ adult mice. T...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.4.2844-2850.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that open reading frame (ORF) 50 and ORF 57 encode transcriptional regulating genes in herpesvirus saimiri. ORF 50, a homolog of Epstein-Barr virus R protein, is a sequence-specific transactivator, whereas ORF 57 acts posttranscriptionally. In this report, we demonstrate that the ORF 57...
journal_title:Journal of virology
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doi:10.1128/JVI.72.3.1967-1973.1998
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacteriophage vB_YecM-ϕR1-37 (ϕR1-37) is a lytic yersiniophage that can propagate naturally in different Yersinia species carrying the correct lipopolysaccharide receptor. This large-tailed phage has deoxyuridine (dU) instead of thymidine in its DNA. In this study, we determined the genomic sequence of phage ϕR1-3...
journal_title:Journal of virology
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更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.1.322-330.1990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.2.591-599.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have demonstrated that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) confers enhanced growth capability in soft agarose, tumorigenesis in the SCID mouse, and resistance to apoptosis in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Akata. Subsequently, we have shown that EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) are responsible for these phenotypes. We constan...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.3.1561-1564.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity was found in mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59)-infected cells. The enzyme was induced in the infected cells and could not be detected in the MHV-A59 virion. Two peaks of RNA polymerase activity, one early and the other late in infection, were detected. These polymerase ac...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.42.3.847-853.1982
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00