Abstract：
:The world of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has gained widespread attention in recent years due to their novel and crucial potency of biological regulation. Noncoding RNAs play essential regulatory roles in a broad range of developmental processes and diseases, notably human cancers. Regulatory ncRNAs represent multiple levels of structurally and functionally distinct RNAs, including the best-known microRNAs (miRNAs), the complicated long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and the newly identified circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, the mechanisms by which they act remain elusive. In this chapter, we will review the current knowledge of the ncRNA field, discussing the genomic context, biological functions, and mechanisms of action of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. We also highlight the implications of the biogenesis and gene expression dysregulation of different ncRNA subtypes in the initiation and development of human malignancies.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Chen X,Fan S,Song Edoi
10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-47eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
927pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The intramural blood vessels and fluid-filled interstitial space form a hydraulic continuum enmeshed by myocardial muscle layers and collagen matrix. Coronary circulation was found to be strongly influenced by passive and active properties of the muscle surrounding the coronary microvasculature. Selective remodeling o...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2946-0_11
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a dynamic environment and therefore the stability of the commensal community, or microbiota, is under constant challenge. Microscopic observations have revealed that the majority of bacteria present in the GI tract are not detected using standard culturing techniques, however with th...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-09550-9_2
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder in early childhood characterized by impairment in communication and behavior. Recent research is focused on the immune dysregulation as a potential pathomechanism leading to ASD. Thus, we addressed the hypothesis that inflammatory activity might be...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2015_145
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in structural and biochemical properties of muscles that underlie physiological parameters of contractile force, speed and fatigability are described under conditions of 1) overuse: imposed electrical stimulation, natural exercise and functional overload; 2) reinnervation of denervated muscles; and 3) unde...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Notch signaling pathway is a critical component of vascular formation and morphogenesis in both development and disease. Compelling evidence indicates that Notch signaling is required for the induction of arterial-cell fate during development and for the selection of endothelial tip and stalk cells during sproutin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-0899-4_16
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monocytes/macrophages are highly involved in the process of renal injury, repair and fibrosis in many aspects of experimental and human renal diseases. Monocyte-derived macrophages, characterized by high heterogeneity and plasticity, are recruited, activated, and polarized in the whole process of renal fibrotic diseas...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_13
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infectious, genetic factors, and autoimmunity have been considered as potential causes of sarcoidosis (SA). Pathological similarities between SA and tuberculosis (TB) suggest M. tuberculosis antigen(s) as causative agent(s). Our published comparative analysis of the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) system in patients wi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-4549-0_29
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In utero growth hormone exposure is associated with distinct immediate growth responses and long term impacts on adult physiological parameters that include obesity, insulin resistance, and bone function. Growth hormone accelerates cellular proliferation in many tissues but is exemplified by increases in the number of...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-1031-1_15
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common form of arthritis, which is characterized by progressive degradation of joint cartilage resulting in pain, joint stiffness, deformity and disability that is also recently related to an increased incidence of mortality. Inhibition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) production by chondrocy...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-0947-2_11
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate on earth and hydrolyzed by cellulases in nature. During catalysis, cellulase transfers protons to and from the oxygen atoms of the glycosidic bond and a water molecule. Since cellulose is an insoluble polymer, some kinds of cellulases, with high activity toward crystalline c...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-2158-0_10
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare genetic disorder in humans characterized by growth and psychomotor delay, abnormal gross anatomy, and mild to severe mental retardation (Rubinstein and Taybi, Am J Dis Child 105:588-608, 1963, Hennekam et al., Am J Med Genet Suppl 6:56-64, 1990). RSTS is caused by de novo mut...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-53889-1_3
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We found that orphan opioid receptor (OR) mRNA was constitutively expressed in human fetal microglia, astrocytes, and cerebral cortical neurons. An OR antisense oligonucleotide markedly inhibited HIV-1 expression in enriched microglial cell and the mixed glial/neuronal cell cultures but not in the chronically infected...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-5347-2_10
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xeno-transplantation of pancreatic islets represents a promising therapeutic alternative for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, potent innate immune responses induced shortly after the transplantation of donor islets to the recipient, comprising the Instant Blood Mediated Immune Reaction (IBMIR), exer...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-18603-0_11
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Besides mechanical and protective function, bone serves as a keeper for marrow cells and an organ for regulation of calcium ion homeostasis. During aging, significant amounts of the bone are lost due to the loss of this delicate balance toward increased bone resorption coupled with decreased formation, which leads to ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-1117-8_12
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During each step of prostate cancer metastasis, cancer displays phenotypic plasticity that is associated with the expression of both epithelial and mesenchymal properties or an epithelial to mesenchymal transition. This phenotypic transition is typically in response to microenvironment signals and is the basis for bas...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-0254-1_7
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transparency of the eye can be disturbed by several eye diseases. It has recently been reported that periostin plays pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of several eye disease, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, pterygia, corneal dystrophy, and chronic ocular allergi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-6657-4_12
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taurine is traditionally used to treat Down Syndrome (DS); however, the actual foundation for this treatment is not well understood. DS patients suffer from disturbance of the proteostasis network (PN) due to aberrant calcium signaling, which eventually causes endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Taurine has been sugge...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_40
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungal cells are capable of adhering to biotic and abiotic surfaces and form biofilms containing one or more microbial species that are microbial reservoirs. These biofilms may cause chronic and acute infections. Fungal biofilms related to medical devices are particularly responsible for serious infections such as can...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2016_12
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioblastoma remains a tumor with a dismal prognosis because of failure of current treatment. Glioblastoma cells with stem cell (GSC) properties survive chemotherapy and give rise to tumor recurrences that invariably result in the death of the patients. Here we summarize the current knowledge on chemoresistance of mal...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-16537-0_7
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four new triterpene saponins of the oleanan series-melilotosides I, II, III, IV and nonglycosylated soyasapogenol B have been isolated from roots of Melilotus albus Medik. (Leguminosae) and four steroid saponins were isolated from M. tauricus (Bieb.) ser. seeds. The chemical structure of the saponins and of their agly...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-0413-5_18
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The variability associated with testing wheat for deoxynivalenol (DON) was measured using a 0.454 kg sample, a Romer mill, 25 g of comminuted subsample and the Romer Fluoroquant analytical method. The total variability was partitioned into sampling, sample preparation, and analytical variability components. Each varia...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-0629-4_8
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel has a well-recognized role in a number of signaling mechanisms that impact the function of diverse cells and tissues in physiology and disease. The latter includes, but is not limited to, molecular and cellular...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_9
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Raw soya flour (RSF) feeding to rats produces pancreatic hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and, if sufficiently prolonged, the spontaneous development of pancreatic neoplasms and the potentiation of pancreatic carcinogens. With continuous exposure to RSF the threshold dose for pancreatic growth is approximately 20% RSF, bu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0022-0_4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crithidia fasciculata DNA topoisomerase (22) has been purified to near homogeneity from trypanosomatid cell extracts. The purified enzyme catalyzes the reversible interconversion of monomeric duplex DNA circles and catenanes in an ATP dependent reaction. Reversible catenane formation is affected by the ionic strength ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-8730-5_42
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review discusses new developments in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy and its application to cellular receptors. The method is based on the kinetic theory of FRET, which can be used to predict FRET not only in dimers, but also higher order oligomers of donor and acceptor fluorophores. Models ba...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2018_297
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Signal interneurones have a crucial part to play in the control of motoneurones. Newer methods are being added to the ways in which they can be studied, both in animal and human experiments. This chapter provides some background to a re-evaluation of the role of interneurones in motor control. ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aquatic noise pollution is largely ignored by the lay public. How experts communicate this issue is critical to move public opinion. In 2010, the Cassa di Risparmio di Gorizia (CaRiGO) bank sponsored the Deaf as a Fish project that included local underwater noise monitoring, a boat census, a pamphlet for nonexperts, a...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_123
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation, occurring at cytosines in CpG dinucleotides, is a potent mechanism of transcriptional repression. Proper genomic methylation -patterns become profoundly altered in cancer cells: both gains (hypermethylation) and losses (hypomethylation) of methylated sites are observed. Although DNA hypomethylation is...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-9967-2_7
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkaline treatment of proteins leads to chemical changes which alter the proteins' digestibility. Severely alkali-treated casein (0.2N NaOH, 80 degrees C, 1 hour) in the diet reduces food intake and growth of young but not of adult Sprague Dawley rats. Gastrointestinal transit time is not reduced significantly in eith...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0022-0_30
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tryptophan metablolism via kynureninc pathway leads to the formation of several neuroactive substances including kynurenine, anthranilic acid and quinolinic acid, which are involved in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Also chronic renal insufficiency is associated with neurological disturbances but it is still not...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-0135-0_20
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
