Abstract:
:Previous studies have demonstrated depressive or hibernation-like roles of phenothiazine neuroleptics [combined chlorpromazine and promethazine (C + P)] in brain activity. This ischemic stroke study aimed to establish neuroprotection by reducing oxidative stress and improving brain metabolism with post-ischemic C + P administration. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transient (2 or 4 h) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 6 or 24 h reperfusion, or permanent (28 h) MCAO without reperfusion. At 2 h after ischemia onset, rats received either an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of saline or two doses of C + P. Body temperatures, brain infarct volumes, and neurological deficits were examined. Oxidative metabolism and stress were determined by levels of ATP, NADH, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ) and Akt expression were determined by Western blotting. C + P administration induced a neuroprotection in both transient and permanent ischemia models evidenced by significant reduction in infarct volumes and neurological deficits post-stroke. C + P induced a dose-dependent reduction in body temperature as early as 5 min post-ischemia and lasted up to 12 h. However, reduction in body temperature either only slightly or did not enhance C + P-induced neuroprotection. C + P therapy improved brain metabolism as determined by increased ATP levels and NADH activity, as well as decreased ROS production. These therapeutic effects were associated with alterations in PKC-δ and Akt protein expression. C + P treatments conferred neuroprotection in severe stroke models by suppressing the damaging cascade of metabolic events, most likely independent of drug-induced hypothermia. These findings further prove the clinical potential for C + P treatment and may direct us closer towards the development of an efficacious neuroprotective therapy.
journal_name
Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Molecular neurobiologyauthors
Geng X,Li F,Yip J,Peng C,Elmadhoun O,Shen J,Ji X,Ding Ydoi
10.1007/s12035-016-0280-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-12-01 00:00:00pages
8140-8150issue
10eissn
0893-7648issn
1559-1182pii
10.1007/s12035-016-0280-xjournal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Defect in brain microperfusion is increasingly recognized as an antecedent event to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and ischemia. Nevertheless, studies on the role of impaired microperfusion as a pathological trigger to neuroinflammation, Aβ deposition as well as blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and the etiological link...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-018-0904-4
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), which belong to a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, are involved in the regulation of several physiological functions in mammals and act as mediators of apoptosis, obesity, and memory storage in the brain, including the processes of neuronal de- and regeneration. JNK subf...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9522-6
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory mechanisms of the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in brain inflammatory conditions remain elusive. To address this issue, we used multiple primary brain cell cultures to study the expression of IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-elicited inflammatory conditions. In neuron-glia cultures, LPS triggered we...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-014-8889-0
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). We have measured the levels of over 20 non-esterified sterols in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients suffering from MS, inflammatory CNS disease, neurodegenerative disease and control patients. Analysis w...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0281-9
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) knockout (Fabp3 -/-) mice exhibit abnormal dopamine-related behaviors such as enhanced dopamine D2 receptor antagonist-induced catalepsy behaviors. Here, we report that Fabp3 null mice exhibit cognitive deficits, hyperlocomotion and impaired fear extinct...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0587-2
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The drastic increase in the consumption of fructose encouraged the research to focus on its effects on brain physio-pathology. Although young and adults differ largely by their metabolic and physiological profiles, most of the previous studies investigated brain disturbances induced by long-term fructose feeding in ad...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0518-2
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-lasting changes in dendritic spines provide a physical correlate for memory formation and persistence. LIM kinase (LIMK) plays a critical role in orchestrating dendritic actin dynamics during memory processing, since it is the convergent downstream target of both the Rac1/PAK and RhoA/ROCK pathways that in turn i...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0361-x
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia with clinical symptoms that include deficits in memory, judgment, thinking, and behavior. Gangliosides are present on the outer surface of plasma membranes and are especially abundant in the nervous tissues of vertebrates. Ganglioside metabolism, especially ...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9641-0
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prepared and grafted tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells (TrkB-MSCs) into the ischemic penumbra and investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) treatment could promote functional recovery from ischemic stroke. For the behavioral test, TrkB-MSCs+EA resulted in significantly ...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-018-1067-z
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endozepine has recently been isolated from various steroid-forming organs. The following article explores the role of endozepine in the regulation of steroid synthesis. Steroid hormone synthesis from cholesterol begins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where cytochrome P450 converts cholesterol to pregnenolone. Sci...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02740835
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the main intracellular pathway for modulated protein turnover, playing an important role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. It also exerts a protein quality control through degradation of oxidized, mutant, denatured, or misfolded proteins and is involved in many biolog...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8391-5
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Alzheimer's disease (AD), excessive amounts of quinolinic acid (QUIN) accumulate within the brain parenchyma and dystrophic neurons. QUIN also regulates glutamate uptake into neurons, which may be due to modulation of Na+-dependent excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). To determine the biological relationship...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-020-02046-6
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exocyst, an octameric protein complex consisting of Exoc1 through Exoc8, was first determined to regulate exocytosis by targeting vesicles to the plasma membrane in yeast to mice. In addition to this fundamental role, the exocyst complex has been implicated in other cellular processes. In this study, we investigat...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0857-z
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction and the subsequent oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation play a central role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously shown that low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) could reduce ROS generation by L-but...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0104-z
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large body of evidences indicates that axonal transport (AT) defects play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer' disease (AD). AT, a critical cellular process for the maintenance and function of a neuron, requires components of the cytoskeletons as "tracks", motor proteins and ATP as "driving force", ad...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-014-8810-x
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iodine deficiency (ID) during development results in dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS) and affects psychomotor and motor function. It is worth noting that maternal mild and marginal ID tends to be the most common reason of preventable neurodevelopmental impairment, via a mechanism that has not been eluci...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9382-0
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative disease for which no disease-modifying treatments are available, mainly because knowledge about its pathogenic mechanism is still incomplete. Recently, a key role for lipids emerged, but lipid profiling of brain samples from human subjects is demanding. ...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-019-01733-3
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies are characterized by the presence of intra-neuronal protein aggregates enriched in the presynaptic protein α-synuclein. α-synuclein is considered an intrinsically disordered 14 kDa monomer, and although poorly understood, its transition to higher-order multimeric species...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0266-8
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dimebon (latrepirdine) is an anti-histaminergic agent which belongs to a fast-growing group of "old" medicines suggested to be of therapeutic utility for pathological conditions different from their original design ("repositioning"). Here, we overview the most recent studies on Dimebon directed to pathological process...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9249-4
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work was to study the effect of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling pathway and whether insulin or epidermal growth factor (EGF) might modulate the effects of GLP-2. GLP-2 produced a dose-dependent decrease in intracellular sodium nitroprusside-induce...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8298-1
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Removal of the Bax gene from mice completely protects the somas of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from apoptosis following optic nerve injury. This makes BAX a promising therapeutic target to prevent neurodegeneration. In this study, Bax+/- mice were used to test the hypothesis that lowering the quantity of BAX in RGCs...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-019-01783-7
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, rapidly activate in nearly all kinds of neurological diseases. These activated microglia become highly motile, secreting inflammatory cytokines, migrating to the lesion area, and phagocytosing cell debris or damaged neurons. During the past decades, th...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-013-8620-6
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The striatum is divided into two compartments, the striosomes and extrastriosomal matrix, which differ in several cytochemical markers, input-output connections, and time of neurogenesis. Since it is thought that limbic, reward-related information and executive aspects of behavioral information may be differentially p...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-008-8023-2
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes neuron death and axonal damage resulting in functional motor and sensory loss, showing limited regeneration because of adverse microenvironment such as neuroinflammation and glial scarring. Currently, there is no effective therapy to treat SCI in clinical practice. Bone marrow...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9000-6
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristic functions of tissues and organs result from the integrated activity of individual cells. Nowhere is this more evident than in the nervous system, where the activities of single neurons communicating via electrical and chemical signals mediate complex functions, such as learning and memory. The past ...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02740623
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of causative mutations in the (pro)granulin gene (GRN) has been a major breakthrough in the research on frontotemporal dementia (FTD). So far, all FTD-associated GRN mutations are leading to neurodegeneration through a "loss-of-function" mechanism, encouraging researchers to develop a growing number...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8380-8
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistake in its Funding inforation. ...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s12035-018-1095-8
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell fate reprogramming makes possible the generation of new cell types from healthy adult cells to replace those lost or damaged in disease. Additionally, reprogramming patient cells into specific cell types allows for drug screening and the development of new therapeutic tools. Generation of new neurons is of partic...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8277-6
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Establishment of appropriate neuronal connections during development and regeneration requires the extension of processes that must then grow in the correct direction, find and recognize their targets, and make synapses with them. During development, embryonic neurons gradually establish central and peripheral connect...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02816122
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical studies demonstrated a positive correlation between hypertension and cognitive decline. Beneficial effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on cognitive functions have also been reported earlier; however, its role in chronic neuroinflammation-induced memory impairment in the hypertensive state is not well ...
journal_title:Molecular neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0450-5
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00