Designing therapeutic cancer vaccine trials with delayed treatment effect.

abstract：:The objective of this report is to provide a basis to inform decisions about priorities for developing statistical research initiatives in the field of public health surveillance for emerging threats. Rapid information system advances have created a vast opportunity of secondary data sources for information to enhance...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rolka H,Burkom H,Cooper GF,Kulldorff M,Madigan D,Wong WK

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Funnel plots are widely used to visualize grouped data, for example, in institutional comparison. This paper extends the concept to a multi-level setting, displaying one level at a time, adjusted for the other levels, as well as for covariates at all levels. These level-adjusted funnel plots are based on a Markov chai...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lindhagen L,Darkahi B,Sandblom G,Berglund L

更新日期：2014-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Pattern-mixture models (PMM) and selection models (SM) are alternative approaches for statistical analysis when faced with incomplete data and a nonignorable missing-data mechanism. Both models make empirically unverifiable assumptions and need additional constraints to identify the parameters. Here, we first introduc...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Kaciroti NA,Raghunathan T

更新日期：2014-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A problem occurring in chronic disease modeling is the estimation of transition probabilities of moving from one state of a categorical risk factor to another. Transitions could be obtained from a cohort study, but often such data may not be available. However, under the assumption that transitions remain stable over ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Kassteele Jv,Hoogenveen RT,Engelfriet PM,Baal PH,Boshuizen HC

更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent Statistics in Medicine paper, Warn, Thompson and Spiegelhalter (WTS) made a comparison between the Bayesian approach to the meta-analysis of binary outcomes and a popular Classical approach that uses summary (two-stage) techniques. They included approximate summary (two-stage) Bayesian techniques in their ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： O'Rourke K,Altman DG

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In observational cohort studies we may wish to examine the associations between fixed patient characteristics and the longitudinal changes from baseline in a repeated outcome measure. Many biological and other outcome measures are known to be subject to measurement error and biological variation. In an initial analysi...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Harrison L,Dunn DT,Green H,Copas AJ

更新日期：2009-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In time-to-event analysis, the traditional summary measures have been based on the hazard function, survival function, quantile event time, restricted mean event time, and residual lifetime. Under competing risks, furthermore, typical summary measures have been the cause-specific hazard function and cumulative inciden...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Jia Y,Jeong JH

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, follow-on biological products (biosimilars) have received much attention from both the biotechnology industry and the regulatory agencies, especially after the passage of the 2010 healthcare reform bill. Unlike the traditional small-molecule drug products, the development of biological products is not...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Yang J,Zhang N,Chow SC,Chi E

更新日期：2013-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A personalized treatment strategy formalizes evidence-based treatment selection by mapping patient information to a recommended treatment. Personalized treatment strategies can produce better patient outcomes while reducing cost and treatment burden. Thus, among clinical and intervention scientists, there is a growing...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Laber EB,Zhao YQ,Regh T,Davidian M,Tsiatis A,Stanford JB,Zeng D,Song R,Kosorok MR

更新日期：2016-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a new weighted hurdle regression method for modeling count data, with particular interest in modeling cardiovascular events in patients on dialysis. Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death in this population. Our aim is to jointly model the relationship/associat...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Sentürk D,Dalrymple LS,Mu Y,Nguyen DV

更新日期：2014-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We extend the shared frailty model of recurrent events and a dependent terminal event to allow for a nonparametric covariate function. We include a Gaussian random effect (frailty) in the intensity functions of both the recurrent and terminal events to capture correlation between the two processes. We employ the penal...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zhangsheng Y,Liu L

更新日期：2011-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Assay sensitivity has been proposed as a criterion for including psychiatric clinical outcome studies in meta-analyses. The authors assess the performance of assay sensitivity as a method for determining study appropriateness for meta-analysis by calculating expected standard drug vs placebo effect sizes for various c...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Gelfand LA,Strunk DR,Tu XM,Noble RE,Derubeis RJ

更新日期：2006-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The design of clinical trials often requires knowledge of quantities such as between- and within subject variances about which only imprecise information exists. To provide assurance that the study has the desired power to detect a minimum clinically meaningful difference between treatment groups. Gould, Gould and Shi...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Shih WJ,Gould AL

更新日期：1995-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:When estimating the average effect of a binary treatment (or exposure) on an outcome, methods that incorporate propensity scores, the G-formula, or targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) are preferred over naïve regression approaches, which are biased under misspecification of a parametric outcome model. In con...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Luque-Fernandez MA,Schomaker M,Rachet B,Schnitzer ME

更新日期：2018-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss the use of the trichotomous logistic model to discriminate between patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, patients with benign GI disease and 'normal' subjects, using symptoms and the concentrations of some serum proteins that are potentially indicative of malignancy as covariates. A parsimonious model...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Marshall RJ,Chisholm EM

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A considerable number of the clinical reports which are presented to the Dutch Board for the Evaluation of Drugs, have deficiencies and/or shortcomings. A number of these, including loose description of the target population and sampling method, methodological flaws, incorrect treatment of withdrawals, confounding of ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： De Jonge H

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The FDA Guidance, while highly appropriate for industry sponsored trials, need not be imposed on publicly (e.g. NIH) financed clinical trials. While the potential for conflicts of interest exist in the latter, they are in general manageable and pose an acceptable low risk of threatening the integrity of a study. Howev...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lachin JM

更新日期：2004-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Statistical inference based on correlated count measurements are frequently performed in biomedical studies. Most of existing sample size calculation methods for count outcomes are developed under the Poisson model. Deviation from the Poisson assumption (equality of mean and variance) has been widely documented in pra...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Li D,Zhang S,Cao J

更新日期：2019-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have indicated variation in the infectivity beta of HIV among heterosexual couples. We represent this heterogeneity by modelling beta as a random variable. Using data on the number of contacts and seroconversion of couples, we fit the model by maximum-likelihood estimation with a beta distribution and a...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Wiley JA,Herschkorn SJ,Padian NS

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many epidemiological studies it is common to resort to regression models relating incidence of a disease and its risk factors. The main goal of this paper is to consider inference on such models with error-prone observations and variances of the measurement errors changing across observations. We suppose that the o...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： de Castro M,Galea M,Bolfarine H

更新日期：2008-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite our best efforts, missing outcomes are common in randomized controlled clinical trials. The National Research Council's Committee on National Statistics panel report titled The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials noted that further research is required to assess the impact of missing da...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Cook T,Zea R

更新日期：2020-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper examines several methods for deriving standardized morbidity ratios (SMR) and attributable fraction (attributable risk percentage) estimates. We show that some of the proposed methods will, in general, produce biased estimators, although the low variance of certain estimators sometimes compensates for their...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Greenland S

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The two tailed Fisher's exact P value is extremely sensitive to small perturbations in 2 x 2 contingency tables. An example indicates that a 1 per cent increase in the denominator of one treatment group results in a 32 per cent drop in the exact P value, but a mere 0.1 per cent decrease in the treatment success rate. ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Dupont WD

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prevalent sampling is frequently a convenient and economical sampling technique for the collection of time-to-event data and thus is commonly used in studies of the natural history of a disease. However, it is biased by design because it tends to recruit individuals with longer survival times. This paper considers est...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Li S

更新日期：2017-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Teaching statistics to medical students is a challenging and often unrewarding task. However, few would argue the need for statistics in the medical school curriculum. In recent years, there has been a growing call for teaching only statistical concepts in medical schools. We strongly oppose this opinion and offer an ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Herman A,Notzer N,Libman Z,Braunstein R,Steinberg DM

更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The sojourn time, time spent in the preclinical detectable phase (PCDP) for chronic diseases, for example, breast cancer, plays an important role in the design and assessment of screening programmes. Traditional methods to estimate it usually assume a uniform incidence rate of preclinical disease from a randomized con...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Duffy SW,Chen HH,Tabar L,Day NE

更新日期：1995-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Maps of estimated disease rates over multiple time periods are useful tools for gaining etiologic insights regarding potential exposures associated with specific locations and times. In this paper, we describe an extension of the Gangnon-Clayton model for spatial clustering to spatio-temporal data. As in the purely sp...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Gangnon RE

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple imputation is becoming increasingly popular for handling missing data, with Markov chain Monte Carlo assuming multivariate normality (MVN) a commonly used approach. Imputing categorical variables (which are clearly non-normal) using MVN imputation is challenging, and several approaches have been sug...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lee KJ,Galati JC,Simpson JA,Carlin JB

更新日期：2012-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Although transportation safety has greatly improved over the past 2 decades, motor vehicle crash injuries remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among young drivers. Driver errors and behaviors such as speeding and distraction contribute disproportionately to crashes among inexperienced novice...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Simons-Morton B

更新日期：2017-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In clinical research, investigators are interested in inferring the average causal effect of a treatment. However, the causal parameter that can be used to derive the average causal effect is not well defined for ordinal outcomes. Although some definitions have been proposed, they are limited in that they are not iden...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Chiba Y

更新日期：2017-11-10 00:00:00