Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:The emergence of advanced in vivo neuroimaging methods has redefined the understanding of brain function with a shift from traditional localizationist models to more complex and widely distributed neural networks. In human language processing, the traditional localizationist models of Wernicke and Broca have fallen out of favor for a dual-stream processing system involving complex networks organized over vast areas of the dominant hemisphere. The current review explores the cortical function and white matter connections of human language processing, as well as their relevance to surgical planning. METHODS:We performed a systematic review of the literature with narrative data analysis. RESULTS:Although there is significant heterogeneity in the literature over the past century of exploration, modern evidence provides new insight into the true cortical function and white matter anatomy of human language. Intraoperative data and postoperative outcome studies confirm a widely distributed language network extending far beyond the traditional cortical areas of Wernicke and Broca. CONCLUSIONS:The anatomic distribution of language networks, based on current theories, is explored to present a modern and clinically relevant interpretation of language function. Within this framework, we present current knowledge regarding the known effects of damage to both cortical and subcortical components of these language networks. Ideally, we hope this framework will provide a common language for which to base future clinical studies in human language function.
journal_name
Neuroradiologyjournal_title
Neuroradiologyauthors
Middlebrooks EH,Yagmurlu K,Szaflarski JP,Rahman M,Bozkurt Bdoi
10.1007/s00234-016-1772-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
69-87issue
1eissn
0028-3940issn
1432-1920pii
10.1007/s00234-016-1772-0journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
NEURORADIOLOGY文献大全abstract:PURPOSE:Although the treatment of intracranial cerebral aneurysms with detachable coils is now widely accepted, the problem of coil compaction and recanalization remains unsolved. If the vessel wall can be regenerated at the neck orifice of an aneurysm, thereby reducing the blood flow into the aneurysm, the recurrence ...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-020-02440-w
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The aim of the study is to assess the effect of shape, diameter, elongation and deviation criteria of basilar artery (BA), convergence angle and diameter variations of vertebral arteries, and concurrent chronic diseases on posterior circulation infarcts. METHODS:Between January 2010 and May 2013, 186 pati...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-015-1490-z
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report confirmation of the site of leakage in two patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea by demonstrating CSF leaking on MRI. Both patients had midline anterior cranial fossa floor (cribriform plate/fovea ethmoidalis) dural-bone defects with arachnoid herniation with or without brain hernia...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340050512
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signs of atrophy on cranial CT were investigated in 35 patients diagnosed as suffering from autosomal dominant (n = 21) or idiopathic (n = 14) cerebellar ataxia. Thirteen patients with a pure cerebellar syndrome were examined after at least 4 years of disease (mean duration 10.5 years) and were classified as cerebella...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00588712
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is shown-taking in consideration the local circumstances-that the EMI scanning of the brain is less expensive than pneumoencephalography percutaneus carotid angiography or cerebral four vessel angiography. ...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346076
更新日期:1976-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::We performed two-phase helical CT in 31 patients with juxtasellar region and cerebellopontine angle tumours to evaluate its usefulness in differentiating meningiomas from neurogenic tumours. After the intravenous injection of 90 ml contrast medium at 3 ml/s, axial helical images were obtained with delays of 30 and 120...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340100539
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A canine model was used to investigate the effects of intracarotid methylglucamine iothalamate (280 mgI/ml) at different viscosities on the normal blood-brain barrier. To alter viscosity, without changing physiochemical parameters, injections were made at either 23 degrees C or 37 degrees C. The degree of blood-brain ...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00342690
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This document sets out standards for training in Interventional Neuroradiology (INR) in Europe. These standards have been developed by a working group of the European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR) and the European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT) on the initiative and under the umbrella o...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00234-019-02300-2
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The decision on thrombolytics administration is usually based on a generalized, rigid time-based rule rather than an individualized evaluation of the "tissue at risk of infarction" which is the target of the recanalization therapies. The goals of our article are to assess whether there is tissue at risk of...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-013-1164-7
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic subdural hematoma is diagnosed angiographically by the presence of an avascular zone as a result of medial displacement of the cerebral surface vessels from the inner table. A rare angiographic sign, membrane stain, is reported in a case of chronic subdural hematoma. The stain is presumed to represent the vasc...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00369091
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A family with 12 children, 6 of whom had Sjögren-Larsson syndrome, was studied clinically. On CT, all six siblings with the disease had patchy regions of white matter hypodensity, most marked in the frontal lobes, which were confluent in the more severe cases. The ventricles were not enlarged and no other abnormality ...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00350440
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies of white matter high signal (WMHS) on T2-weighted MRI have disclosed that it is related to cerebral ischaemia and to brain atrophy. Atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC) has also been studied in relation to ischaemia. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that CC atrophy could be due to ischaemia. We the...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340000302
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have usually been found cognitive impairment associated with brain white matter (WM) abnormalities. However, findings have varied across studies, and any potential relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess t...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-016-1752-4
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord infarcts are rare. We report serial MRI studies of a patient with a clinically diagnosed spontaneous spinal cord infarct. The usefulness of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) enhancement is also discussed. Serial MRI with Gd-DTPA is useful to diagnose the spinal cord infarc...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00588149
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The computed tomograms performed on a series of 41 patients during the course of prolonged treatment for acute leukaemia were reviewed. Thirty-one of these cases were referred for some neurological disturbance, the remainder for routine assessment. Abnormalities were present in 59%. In two cases there were leukaemic d...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00395355
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathophysiology of adverse reactions occurring during myelography with non-ionic contrast agents, such as iopamidol, seem related to their direct action on the nervous system. The authors try a multivariate approach, involving neurophysiological, neuropsychological and neurochemical parameters on a pilot group of twel...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00339695
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been applied to characterize the pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a mouse model, although little is known about whether these features are structure specific. Voxel-based analysis (VBA) and atlas-based analysis (ABA) are good complementary tools for wh...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-013-1195-0
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has shown promise in the measurement of peripheral nerve integrity, although the optimal way to apply the technique for the study of lumbar spinal nerves is unclear. The aims of this study are to use an improved DTI acquisition to investigate lumbar nerve root integrity and correl...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-017-1869-0
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local intra-arterial fibrinolysis (LIF) is considered to support spontaneous recanalisation, which does not usually occur fast enough to prevent an infarct. Therefore, LIF may, at least theoretically, be especially useful in occlusions with large thromboembolic masses. We report our experience of LIF with urokinase in...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340050375
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:For glioblastoma (GBM), imaging response (IR) or pseudoprogression (PSP) is frequently observed after chemoradiation and may connote a favorable prognosis. With tumors categorized by the Cancer Genome Atlas Project (mesenchymal, classical, neural, and proneural) and by methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) met...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s00234-018-2060-y
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the changes in brain water diffusion in childhood as seen on diffusion-weighted MRI in 30 children from 1 day of life to 17 years to provide a data base and to investigate the correlation of diffusion changes with known patterns of white matter maturation. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and appare...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340050869
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::MRI in a 17-year-old boy with known congenital agammaglobulinaemia (CA) demonstrated signs of chronic leptomeningeal inflammation with thickened, enhancing meninges. Furthermore, high signal was found symmetrically on T2-weighted images in the frontal and parietal white matter. The patient presented with severe genera...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340050636
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two exemplary cases of upper carotid occlusion and successful local intraarterial fibrinolytic therapy are described. To achieve a positive result one has to perform a balloon occlusion of the affected internal carotid artery while applying the fibrinolytic agent. Possible time limits of instigating therapy are discus...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00339777
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of central nervous system Behçet's disease, studied by gadolinium-enhanced MRI, are presented. In one patient, whose clinical picture was dominated by a brain syndrome, the gadolinium enhancement resolved with clinical improvement, although the hyperintense areas in the mesencephalon on T2-weighted images pe...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00593971
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Extracranial ICA imaging has largely focused on the degree of luminal stenosis, but recent advances suggest specific plaque features are crucial in stroke risk assessment. We evaluated the current state of reporting carotid plaque features on neck CTAs at an academic institution. METHODS:In this retrospective ...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-020-02610-w
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Indices of collateral flow deficit derived from MR perfusion imaging that are predictive of MCA-M1 recanalization after intravenous thrombolysis have been recently reported. Our objective was to test the performance of such MRI-derived collateral flow indices for prediction of recanalization after endovasc...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-013-1310-2
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the use of diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion MRI using a contrast-medium bolus in the preoperative investigation for young man presenting with a cerebral ischaemic episode as a manifestation of moyamoya disease. ...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002340050711
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of the single-energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) algorithm on image quality of cerebral CT and CT angiography (CTA) for patients who underwent intracranial aneurysm coiling. METHODS:Twenty patients underwent cerebral CT and CTA using a 320-detector row CT after intracranial aneurys...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-018-2081-6
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Although involvement of the osseous component with an anterior condylar dural arteriovenous fistula (AC-DAVF) has been frequently described, osseous venous structures in which AC-DAVFs develop have not been fully elucidated. We investigated osseous venous structures adjacent to the hypoglossal canal in normal c...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-018-1990-8
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is important in identifying spontaneous and secondary intracranial hypotension (IH) [cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypovolemia] in patients with postural headache, because CSF pressure at lumbar puncture is variable. We examined the pachymeningeal enhan...
journal_title:Neuroradiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00234-005-1366-8
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00