Abstract:
:Small-sided games (SSGs) are spontaneous forms of specific training where exercise intensity can be manipulated by modifying external factors. To ensure suitable usage of small-sided games in practice, we have to know which variables can influence internal responses and external loads. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of presence of a goalkeeper and the pitch size on internal responses and the external load during five-a-side soccer games. Twenty nine junior soccer players (age: 18.11 ± 1.31 years; body mass index: 21.04 ± 2.58 kg·m-2; peak heart rate: 199.53 ± 7.51 beats·min-1) participated in the study. The heart rate, distance covered and the rate of perceived exertion were monitored. We found significantly higher average heart rates of players in 5v5 SSGs without goalkeepers than with them on a small pitch. Analysis showed significant differences in the time spent in 65-85% of the peak heart rate zone and ˂65% of the peak heart rate zone on the small pitch. Furthermore, we found significantly higher distance covered by players during five-a-side games with goalkeepers than without them played on the small pitch. Our results indicate that the pitch size is a very important variable that influences the work load of players. The inclusion of the goalkeeper decreases the work load of the player on a small pitch (28 × 20 m; 560 m2), but not on a medium or large pitch.
journal_name
J Hum Kinetjournal_title
Journal of human kineticsauthors
Hulka K,Weisser R,Belka Jdoi
10.1515/hukin-2015-0180subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-02 00:00:00pages
175-181eissn
1640-5544issn
1899-7562pii
hukin-2015-0180journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of maximal muscle torques at individual stages of development of athletes and to determine the relationship between muscle torques, fighting methods and the level of sports performance. The activity of 25 judo contestants during judo combats and the effective...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0017
更新日期:2015-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to determine associations between physical activity and other elements of women's lifestyle (nutrition, being a nonsmoker, moderate alcohol consumption, medical check-ups). Between 1999 and 2004, 1361 women aged 20-75 were studied. They were inhabitants of cities located in the west of Poland ...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/v10078-011-0050-9
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of static stretching, with vibration given directly over Achilles tendon, on electro-myographic (EMG) responses and vertical jump (VJ) performances. Fifteen male, college athletes voluntarily participated in this study (n=15; age: 22±4 years old; body...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0067
更新日期:2013-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to analyze etiology and the incidence of sports injuries among wheelchair rugby players. Moreover, we verified if the levels of aggressiveness and anger presented by the athletes and their roles in the team influenced the incidence and severity of the injuries. The study involved 14 male playe...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0098
更新日期:2015-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to describe the acute changes of both standard physiological-perceptual markers and circulating microRNAs in response to tennis match-play in a detailed case report. Two elite male baseliners with comparable tennis experience were tested for anthropometric and fitness related variables and played 2 h ...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0172
更新日期:2016-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to assess straight sprinting, change of direction ability and horizontal jump performance in youth runners according to age and gender. Two hundred and fifty-five youth runners (116 boys and 139 girls) participated in this study. The athletes were divided according to their age into five g...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2017-0103
更新日期:2017-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the relationship between repeated-sprint ability, aerobic capacity, and oxygen uptake kinetics during the transition between exercise and recovery (off-transient) in female athletes of an intermittent sport modality. Eighteen professional soccer players completed three tests: 1) a maximal incre...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2020-0042
更新日期:2020-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::CrossFit® is a competitive sport and fitness modality characterized by multiple physical capabilities and multi-joint movements. This study aimed to analyse and classify variables related to CrossFit® competitors' specific performance. Fifteen male CrossFit® competitors were selected (n = 15; 30.57 ± 5.5 years; 1.76 ±...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2019-0134
更新日期:2020-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of the sticking region in two legged free weight squats. Fifteen resistance-training males (age 24 ± 4 years, body mass 82 ± 11 kg, body height 179 ± 6 cm) with 6 ± 3 years of resistance-training experience performed 6-RM in free weight squats. The last repetition...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0061
更新日期:2014-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to analyze the practical skills of rhythmic gymnastics judges and to identify how their degree and experience influence the assessment of these skills. Sixty one rhythmic gymnastics judges participated in the study. A questionnaire was used for data collection. This tool was composed of 28 qu...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0087
更新日期:2013-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated how acclimatization effects achieved during a high-altitude alpinist expedition influence endurance performance, ventilation ([Formula: see text]) and blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) in normoxic (NOR) and hypoxic conditions (HYP). An incremental testing protocol on a cycle ergometer was used to determin...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0149
更新日期:2016-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this research was to develop different regression models to predict 2000 m rowing ergometer performance with the use of anthropometric, anaerobic and strength variables and to determine how precisely the prediction models constituted by different variables predict performance, when conducted together in the...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0041
更新日期:2014-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::To meet the demand of a player's entourage (e.g., coaches and medical staff), it is important for the biomechanics specialist to perform repeatable measures. To the best of our knowledge, to date, it has not been demonstrated whether similar results are obtained between two sessions of testing or between laboratory an...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2018-0064
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The use of flywheel devices has increased in popularity within resistance training programs. However, little is known about modifiable variables which may affect power output responses, as the rope length and the height level used in a conical pulley device. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of using t...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2020-0018
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Exploration of force coordination has been one of the most often used approaches in studies of hand function. When holding and manipulating a hand-held object healthy individuals are typically able to highly coordinate the perpendicular (grip force; GF) with the tangential component of the contact force (load force; L...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0001
更新日期:2013-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::The present research aimed to analyze values of the autocorrelation function measured for different time values of ground reaction forces during stable upright standing. It was hypothesized that if recording of force in time depended on the quality and way of regulating force by the central nervous system (as a regula...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0140
更新日期:2016-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to compare the effect of three distinct rest period lengths between sets of upper body single-joint exercise with different load zones and volume designed for either endurance or hypertrophy (50% or 80% of 1-RM). Sixteen trained men (20.75 ± 2.54 years; 76.35 ± 5.03 kg; 176.75 ± 3.33 cm, 24.53...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2017-0077
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in biomechanical characteristics between one- and two-legged running vertical jumps (1-LRVJ and 2-LRVJ). Ten male college volleyball players voluntarily participated in this study. Two running vertical jumps used in volleyball were randomly performed. Three tr...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2017-0185
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between anaerobic performance, field tests, game performance and anthropometric variables of sitting volleyball players. Twenty elite Polish sitting volleyball players were tested using the 30 s Wingate Anaerobic Test for arm crank ergometer and participated in six p...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2015-0088
更新日期:2015-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::This study is a contribution to the discussion about the structure of performance of sport rock climbers. Because of the complex and multifaceted nature of this sport, multivariate statistics were applied in the study. The subjects included thirty experienced sport climbers. Forty three variables were scrutinised, nam...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0011
更新日期:2013-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to develop and validate a checklist to assess proficient performance of basketball straight speed dribbling skill. The sample was composed of 100 children and adolescents between 7 and 15 years of age with and without structured practice in basketball. The validation process tested the validi...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2019-0073
更新日期:2020-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between anthropometric variables, body composition and propulsive force in swimmers aged 9-17 years. Anthropometric characteristics (body height and mass, sitting height, arm span, arm muscle area and body composition) and the propulsive force of the arm (tethered ...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0081
更新日期:2014-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Home advantage has been studied in different sports, establishing its existence and its possible causes. This article analyzes the home advantage in soccer leagues of UEFA countries in the first part of the 21st century. The sample of 52 countries monitored during a period of 10 years allows us to study 520 leagues an...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0054
更新日期:2013-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of movement patterns through EMG activity provides the opportunity to identify the muscle groups most involved in a particular exercise, and to determine the scope of inter-limb deficiencies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a side-to-side muscle activity asymmetry between th...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2020-0049
更新日期:2020-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to analyse the short-term performance effects of three in-season low-volume strength-training programmes in college male soccer players. Fifty-seven male college soccer players (age: 20.3±1.6 years) were randomly assigned to a resistance-training group (n=12), plyometric training group (n=12), complex...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0014
更新日期:2014-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Cardan/Euler angles represent the most common technique for the quantification of segmental rotations. Cardan angles are influenced by their ordered sequence, and sensitive to planar-cross talk from the dominant rotation plane, which may affect the angular parameters. The International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) cu...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0020
更新日期:2013-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to identify differences in maximum strength after an intense strength training program, contrasting muscle groups from upper limbs versus lower limbs. The sample consisted of 10 healthy elderly males (age 73±6 years) with independent living. The training program lasted 12 weeks (3 × week,...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/v10078-011-0086-x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intermittent nature of match performance in youth soccer supports relevance of ability to repeatedly produce high-intensity actions with short recovery periods. This study was aimed to examine the reproducibility of a repeated dribbling ability protocol and, additionally, to estimate the contribution of concurrent...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2016-0019
更新日期:2016-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between cognitive competitive anxiety intensity and coping strategies in table tennis players. One hundred and two (102) US competitive table tennis players of age range from 10 to 60 filled out a Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R, Cox et al., ...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hukin-2017-0007
更新日期:2017-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a lot of research that enabled soccer to improve: its technique, tactics and strategy through analysis and training. Nevertheless, players' need to interact with each other turns any defending or attacking situation into complex solutions with a wide range of variables to be considered, in which the pla...
journal_title:Journal of human kinetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0125
更新日期:2014-12-30 00:00:00