Abstract:
:Melioidosis is an underreported infectious disease, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Understanding the disease susceptibility and pathogenesis is crucial for developing newer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this life-threatening infection. In this study, we aimed to analyze the gene expression levels of important cytokines in melioidosis patients and establish useful correlates with disease biomarkers compared to cases of sepsis infection caused by other pathogens and healthy individuals. A Qiagen common human cytokines array profiling the gene expression of 84 important cytokines by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used. We analyzed 26 melioidosis cases, 5 healthy controls, and 10 cases of sepsis infection caused by other pathogens. Our results showed consistently upregulated expression of interleukins (IL) interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-17 alpha (IL-17A), IL-23A, and IL-24, interferons (IFN) interferon alpha 1 (IFNA1) and interferon beta 1 (IFNB1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily 4 (TNFSF4), transforming growth factor (TGF) superfamily, bone morphogenetic proteins 3 and 6 (BMP3 and BMP6), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), and other growth factors, including macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), C-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF), and platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFA) polypeptide, in melioidosis patients compared to their expression in other sepsis cases, irrespective of comorbidities, duration of fever/clinical symptoms, and antibiotic treatment. Our findings indicate a dominant Th2- and Th17-type-cytokine response, suggesting that their dysregulation at initial stages of infection may play an important role in disease pathogenesis. IL-1A, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B), and IL-8 were significantly downregulated in septicemic melioidosis patients compared to their expression in other sepsis cases. These differentially expressed genes may serve as biomarkers for melioidosis diagnosis and targets for therapeutic intervention and may help us understand immune response mechanisms. IMPORTANCE Melioidosis is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by a soil-associated Gram-negative bacterium, B. pseudomallei. Melioidosis is endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia; however, the global distribution of B. pseudomallei and the disease burden of melioidosisis are still poorly understood. Melioidosis is difficult to treat, as B. pseudomallei is intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics and requires a long course of antibiotic treatment. The mortality rates remain high in areas of endemicity, with reoccurrence being common. Therefore, it is imperative to diagnose the disease at an early stage and provide vital clinical care to reduce the mortality rate. With limitations in treatment and lack of a vaccine, it is crucial to study the immune response mechanisms to this infection to get a better understanding of disease susceptibility and pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the gene expression levels of important cytokines to establish useful correlations for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
journal_name
mSpherejournal_title
mSphereauthors
Krishnananthasivam S,Sathkumara HD,Corea E,Natesan M,De Silva ADdoi
10.1128/mSphere.00121-17subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-19 00:00:00issue
2issn
2379-5042pii
mSphere00121-17journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
mSphere文献大全abstract::Parasitic protozoans of the genus Theileria are intracellular pathogens that induce the cellular transformation of leukocytes, causing uncontrolled proliferation of the infected host cell. The transforming stage of the parasite has a strictly intracellular lifestyle and ensures its distribution to both daughter cells ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00709-19
更新日期:2020-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans, a pervasive opportunistic pathogen, undergoes a unique phenotypic transition from a "white" phenotype to an "opaque" phenotype. The switch to opaque impacts gene expression, cell morphology, wall structure, metabolism, biofilm formation, mating, virulence, and colonization of the skin and gastrointes...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00918-20
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Export of parasite proteins into the host erythrocyte is essential for survival of Plasmodium falciparum during its asexual life cycle. While several studies described key factors within the parasite that are involved in protein export, the mechanisms employed to traffic exported proteins within the host cell are curr...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00363-17
更新日期:2017-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Lassa virus (LASV), a member of the family Arenaviridae, is the causative agent of Lassa fever. Lassa virus is endemic in West African countries, such as Nigeria, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, and causes outbreaks annually. Lassa fever onset begins with "flu-like" symptoms and may develop into lethal hemorrhagic ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00428-19
更新日期:2019-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The cell-to-cell heterogeneity in a bacterial population provides a rich response to environmental changes and robust survival of an isogenic population. Especially, the rare, extreme phenotypes can be important for survival under transient lethal conditions. We analyze the probability of having an extremely high or l...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00575-18
更新日期:2019-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Glycine serves as a major source of single carbon units for biochemical reactions within bacterial cells. Utilization of glycine is tightly regulated and revolves around a key group of proteins known as the glycine cleavage system (GCS). Our lab previously identified the transcriptional regulator GcsR (PA2449) as bein...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00020-16
更新日期:2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Feedback mechanisms are fundamental to the control of physiological responses. One important example in gene regulation, termed negative autoregulation (NAR), occurs when a transcription factor (TF) inhibits its own production through transcriptional repression. This enables more-rapid homeostatic control of gene expr...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00718-20
更新日期:2020-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Amino acids participate in several critical processes in the biology of trypanosomatids, such as osmoregulation, cell differentiation, and host cell invasion. Some of them provide reducing power for mitochondrial ATP synthesis. It was previously shown that alanine, which is formed mainly by the amination of pyruvate, ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphereDirect.00338-18
更新日期:2018-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous, intracellular protozoan that extensively modifies infected host cells through secreted effector proteins. Many such effectors must be translocated across the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), in which the parasites replicate, ultimately ending up in the host cytosol or nucleus. This tran...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00858-19
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::The genomes of Leishmania and trypanosomes encode six paralogs of the eIF4E cap-binding protein, known in other eukaryotes to anchor the translation initiation complex. In line with the heteroxenous nature of these parasites, the different LeishIF4E paralogs vary in their biophysical features and their biological beha...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00450-19
更新日期:2019-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptococcus gattii R265 is a hypervirulent fungal strain responsible for the recent outbreak of cryptococcosis in Vancouver Island of British Columbia in Canada. It differs significantly from Cryptococcus neoformans in its natural environment, its preferred site in the mammalian host, and its pathogenesis. Our previo...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00644-19
更新日期:2019-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Immunity to Toxoplasma gondii at early stages of infection in C57BL/6 mice depends on gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production by NK cells, while at later stages it is primarily mediated by CD8 T cells. We decided to explore the requirement for CD4 T cells during T. gondii infection in Batf3-/- mice, which lack CD8α+ dendr...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00634-20
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are common in the general population, with increased prevalence among military trainees. Previous research has revealed numerous nasal microbial signatures that correlate with SSTI development and Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Thus, we hypothesized that the ecology of the ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00232-16
更新日期:2016-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Female Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, harbor a symbiotic bacterial community in a reproductive organ, the accessory nidamental gland (ANG). This community is known to be stable over several generations of wild-caught bobtail squid but has, to date, been examined for only one population in Maunalua Bay, Oah...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00531-17
更新日期:2018-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::The Enterobacterales order of Gram-negative bacteria includes the common nosocomial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Enterobacter species. Intestinal domination by some colonizing bacterial taxa is associated with subsequent infection, but 16S rRNA gene sequencing is too cost...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00450-20
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli populations undergo repeated replacement of parental genotypes with fitter variants deep in stationary phase. We isolated one such variant, which emerged after 3 weeks of maintaining an E. coli K-12 population in stationary phase. This variant displayed a small colony phenotype and slow growth and was...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00092-20
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The acquisition of genetic material conferring the arsenal necessary for host virulence is a prerequisite on the path to becoming a plant pathogen. More subtle mutations are also required for the perception of cues signifying the presence of the target host and optimal conditions for colonization. The decision to acti...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00367-16
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread around the world, there is an urgent need for new assay formats to characterize the humoral response to infection. Here, we present an efficient, competitive serological assay that can simultaneously determine an individual's seroreact...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00802-20
更新日期:2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental evolution is a method in which populations of organisms, often microbes, are founded by one or more ancestors of known genotype and then propagated under controlled conditions to study the evolutionary process. These evolving populations are influenced by all population genetic forces, including selection...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00121-18
更新日期:2018-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic stability of every living organism depends on accurate DNA replication and repair systems. Here, we investigated the Aspergillus fumigatusMSH2 mismatch repair (MMR) gene MshA and how it impacts virulence and the evolution of azole resistance. We examined mshA gene variation in 62 environmental and clinical...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00416-19
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) H30 subclone of sequence type 131 (ST131-H30) has emerged abruptly as a dominant lineage of ExPEC responsible for human disease. The ST131-H30 lineage has been well described phylogenetically, yet its plasmid complement is not fully understood. Here, single-molec...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00121-16
更新日期:2016-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::To design immune interventions that can synergize with antiretroviral therapy (ART) to reduce the rate of HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), it is essential to characterize maternal immune responses in the setting of ART during pregnancy and breastfeeding and define their effect on MTCT. Prior studies reported a...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00716-19
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Grf10, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, regulates adenylate and one-carbon metabolism and morphogenesis in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans Here, we identified functional domains and key residues involved in transcription factor activity using one-hybrid and mutational analyses. We localized ac...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00467-18
更新日期:2018-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Although the role of high-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPVs) as etiological agents in cancer development has been intensively studied during the last decades, there is still the necessity of understanding the impact of the HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes on host cells, ultimately leading to malignant transformation. Here, w...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00129-19
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Human norovirus interacts with the polymorphic human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), and this interaction is thought to be important for infection. The genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) noroviruses are the dominant cluster, evolve every other year, and are thought to modify their binding interactions with different ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00049-16
更新日期:2016-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular detection of biological agents in the field has traditionally relied on the use of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), which now includes commercially available instruments that can be used in the laboratory or field. Adapting this technology for field-forward applications necessitated innovation to minimize ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00695-19
更新日期:2019-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae two-component regulatory systems (TCS) enable adaptation and ensure its maintenance in host environments. This study deciphers the impact of TCS08 on pneumococcal gene expression and its role in metabolic and pathophysiological processes. Transcriptome analysis and real-time PCR demonstrated a...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00165-18
更新日期:2018-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Bifidobacterium species are important commensals capable of dominating the infant gut microbiome, in part by producing acids that suppress growth of other taxa. Bifidobacterium species are less prone to possessing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes (ARGs) than other taxa that may colonize infants. Given that AMR is ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00441-18
更新日期:2018-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptococcus neoformans and related species are encapsulated basidiomycetous fungi that cause meningoencephalitis in individuals with immune deficiency. This pathogen has a tractable genetic system; however, gene disruption via electroporation remains difficult, while biolistic transformation is often limited by lack ...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphereDirect.00208-18
更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Aspergillus species cause pulmonary invasive aspergillosis resulting in nearly 100,000 deaths each year. Patients at the greatest risk of developing life-threatening aspergillosis have weakened immune systems and/or various lung disorders. Patients are treated with antifungals such as amphotericin B (AmB), caspofungin...
journal_title:mSphere
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mSphere.00025-19
更新日期:2019-02-13 00:00:00