Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations.

abstract：:Diana V. Pastrana works in the field of DNA tumor virus biology. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how the two papers "Donor origin of BKV replication after kidney transplantation" (C. Schmitt, L. Raggub, S. Linnenweber-Held, O. Adams, et al., J Clin Virol 59:120-125, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Pastrana DV

更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Manipulation of the host cell is a crucial part of life for many intracellular organisms. We have recently come to appreciate the extent to which the intracellular pathogen Toxoplasma gondii reprograms its host cell, and this is illustrated by the marked upregulation of the central regulator c-Myc, an oncogene that co...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Panas MW,Boothroyd JC

更新日期：2020-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell-to-cell heterogeneity in a bacterial population provides a rich response to environmental changes and robust survival of an isogenic population. Especially, the rare, extreme phenotypes can be important for survival under transient lethal conditions. We analyze the probability of having an extremely high or l...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Svenningsen MS,Semsey S,Mitarai N

更新日期：2019-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Elizabethkingia anophelis is an emerging global multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen. We assessed the diversity among 13 complete genomes and 23 draft genomes of E. anophelis strains derived from various environmental settings and human infections from different geographic regions around the world from 1950s to ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Xu J,Pei D,Nicholson A,Lan Y,Xia Q

更新日期：2019-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes superficial fungal infections and lethal systemic infections. To colonize and establish infections, C. albicans coordinates the expression of virulence and metabolic genes. Previous work showed that the homeodomain transcription factor Grf10 is req...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wangsanut T,Ghosh AK,Metzger PG,Fonzi WA,Rolfes RJ

更新日期：2017-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The facultative anaerobic polymorphic fungus Candida albicans and the strictly anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium difficile are two opportunistic pathogens residing in the human gut. While a few studies have focused on the prevalence of C. albicans in C. difficile-infected patients, the nature of the intera...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： van Leeuwen PT,van der Peet JM,Bikker FJ,Hoogenkamp MA,Oliveira Paiva AM,Kostidis S,Mayboroda OA,Smits WK,Krom BP

更新日期：2016-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The rhoptry organelle is critical for the invasion of an erythrocyte by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Despite their critical roles, the mechanisms behind their biogenesis are still poorly defined. Our earlier work had suggested that the interaction between the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Hallée S,Boddey JA,Cowman AF,Richard D

更新日期：2018-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Bordetella pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica cause respiratory infections, many of which are characterized by coughing of the infected hosts. The pathogenesis of the coughing remains to be analyzed, mainly because there were no convenient infection models of small animals that replicate coughing after...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Nakamura K,Shinoda N,Hiramatsu Y,Ohnishi S,Kamitani S,Ogura Y,Hayashi T,Horiguchi Y

更新日期：2019-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Methane-oxidizing microorganisms perform an important role in reducing emissions of the greenhouse gas methane to the atmosphere. To date, known bacterial methanotrophs belong to the Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and NC10 phyla. Within the Proteobacteria phylum, they can be divided into type Ia, type Ib, and type I...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ghashghavi M,Belova SE,Bodelier PLE,Dedysh SN,Kox MAR,Speth DR,Frenzel P,Jetten MSM,Lücker S,Lüke C

更新日期：2019-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of Cryptococcus gattii, previously regarded as a predominantly tropical pathogen, in the temperate climate of the North American Pacific Northwest (PNW) in 1999 prompted several questions. The most prevalent among these was the timing of the introduction of this pathogen to this novel environment. Here, ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Roe CC,Bowers J,Oltean H,DeBess E,Dufresne PJ,McBurney S,Overy DP,Wanke B,Lysen C,Chiller T,Meyer W,Thompson GR 3rd,Lockhart SR,Hepp CM,Engelthaler DM

更新日期：2018-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcus neoformans and related species are encapsulated basidiomycetous fungi that cause meningoencephalitis in individuals with immune deficiency. This pathogen has a tractable genetic system; however, gene disruption via electroporation remains difficult, while biolistic transformation is often limited by lack ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wang P

更新日期：2018-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was carried out to evaluate hypotheses generated by fundamental cause theory regarding the socioeconomic status (SES) gradient in colonization with Staphylococcus aureus among Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults living in a border community. Participants (n = 613) recruited in naturally occurring small groups ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Barger SD,Lininger MR,Trotter RT 2nd,Wayment HA,Mbegbu M,Kyman S,Pearson T

更新日期：2020-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymyxin B and colistin are exclusively active against Gram-negative pathogens and have been used in the clinic as a last-line therapy. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of a novel polymyxin, FADDI-019, against Staphylococcus aureus. MIC and time-kill assays were employed to measure the activi...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Zhao J,Cheah SE,Roberts KD,Nation RL,Thompson PE,Velkov T,Du Z,Johnson MD,Li J

更新日期：2016-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycine serves as a major source of single carbon units for biochemical reactions within bacterial cells. Utilization of glycine is tightly regulated and revolves around a key group of proteins known as the glycine cleavage system (GCS). Our lab previously identified the transcriptional regulator GcsR (PA2449) as bein...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Sarwar Z,Lundgren BR,Grassa MT,Wang MX,Gribble M,Moffat JF,Nomura CT

更新日期：2016-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The azithromycin resistance conferred by phosphotransferase is encoded in the gene mph(A). This gene has been discovered in and reported for many bacterial species. We examined the prevalence of azithromycin resistance in Vibrio fluvialis (AR-VF) isolated during 2014 to 2015 from the hospitalized acute diarrheal patie...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Chowdhury G,Ramamurthy T,Ghosh A,Dutta S,Takahashi E,Mukhopadhyay AK

更新日期：2019-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Various Lactobacillus species have been reported to deconjugate bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) through the action of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) proteins. This function contributes to altering the gut microbiota composition and bile metabolism and detoxification and to lowering cholesterol levels. Here, ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： O'Flaherty S,Briner Crawley A,Theriot CM,Barrangou R

更新日期：2018-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Huanglongbing disease (HLB; yellow shoot disease) is a severe worldwide infectious disease for citrus family plants. The pathogen "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" is an alphaproteobacterium of the Rhizobiaceae family that has been identified as the causative agent of HLB. The virulence of "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticu...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Dominguez-Mirazo M,Jin R,Weitz JS

更新日期：2019-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Competitive interactions between bacteria reveal physiological adaptations that benefit fitness. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive species with several adaptive mechanisms for competition and environmental stress. Biofilm formation, sporulation, and motility are the outcomes of widespread changes in a population of...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Liu Y,Kyle S,Straight PD

更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomes of Leishmania and trypanosomes encode six paralogs of the eIF4E cap-binding protein, known in other eukaryotes to anchor the translation initiation complex. In line with the heteroxenous nature of these parasites, the different LeishIF4E paralogs vary in their biophysical features and their biological beha...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Shrivastava R,Tupperwar N,Drory-Retwitzer M,Shapira M

更新日期：2019-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Grf10, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, regulates adenylate and one-carbon metabolism and morphogenesis in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans Here, we identified functional domains and key residues involved in transcription factor activity using one-hybrid and mutational analyses. We localized ac...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wangsanut T,Tobin JM,Rolfes RJ

更新日期：2018-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Disruption of the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) was shown to affect the ability of Gram-negative bacteria to regulate genes associated with virulence, persistence, stress response, quorum sensing, biosynthesis pathways, and cell adhesion. Here, we used the expression of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Huang F,Fitchett N,Razo-Gutierrez C,Le C,Martinez J,Ra G,Lopez C,Gonzalez LJ,Sieira R,Vila AJ,Bonomo RA,Ramirez MS

更新日期：2020-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence shows that exosomes are key regulators in cancer cell-to-cell communication. Several reports on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancies demonstrate that latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) secreted by exosomes derived from EBV- or LMP1-positive cells can promote cancer progression and metastasis...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Kobayashi E,Aga M,Kondo S,Whitehurst C,Yoshizaki T,Pagano JS,Shackelford J

更新日期：2018-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a facultative intracellular pathogen that invades and replicates within many types of phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. During intracellular infection, S. aureus is capable of subverting xenophagy and escaping to the cytosol of the host cell. Furthermore, drug-induced autophagy facilitates t...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Bravo-Santano N,Ellis JK,Mateos LM,Calle Y,Keun HC,Behrends V,Letek M

更新日期：2018-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by neurotoxigenic clostridial species, are the cause of the severe disease botulism in humans and animals. Early research on BoNTs has led to their classification into seven serotypes (serotypes A to G) based upon the selective neutralization of their toxicity in mice by homolog...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Pellett S,Tepp WH,Bradshaw M,Kalb SR,Dykes JK,Lin G,Nawrocki EM,Pier CL,Barr JR,Maslanka SE,Johnson EA

更新日期：2016-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Continued influx of metagenome-derived proteins with misannotated taxonomy into conventional databases, including RefSeq, threatens to eliminate the value of taxonomy identifiers. To prevent this, urgent efforts should be undertaken by submitters of metagenomic data sets as well as by database managers. ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Arkhipova IR

更新日期：2020-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In densely populated urban environments, the distribution of microbes and the drivers of microbial community assemblages are not well understood. In sprawling metropolitan habitats, the "urban microbiome" may represent a mix of human-associated and environmental taxa. Here we carried out a baseline study of automated ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Bik HM,Maritz JM,Luong A,Shin H,Dominguez-Bello MG,Carlton JM

更新日期：2016-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that infect a wide variety of host organisms, including humans. The sporoplasm is the initial stage of microsporidian infection and proliferation, but its morphological and molecular characteristics are poorly understood. In this study, the sporoplasm of Nosema bombyc...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： He Q,Luo J,Xu JZ,Wang CX,Meng XZ,Pan GQ,Li T,Zhou ZY

更新日期：2020-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum is the causative agent of syphilis, a human-specific sexually transmitted infection that causes a multistage disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Treponema pallidum undergoes rapid vascular dissemination to penetrate tissue, placental, and blood-brain barriers and gain acces...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Lithgow KV,Church B,Gomez A,Tsao E,Houston S,Swayne LA,Cameron CE

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arginine is an important pH-elevating agent in the oral cavity. It has been incorporated in oral hygiene formulations to mitigate sensitivity and to prevent caries. In this investigation, the effects of sustained arginine dosing of dental plaque microcosms on bacteriological composition and pH were evaluated under con...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ledder RG,Mistry H,Sreenivasan PK,Humphreys G,McBain AJ

更新日期：2017-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease of skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection with the pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans Many critical issues for disease control, such as understanding the mode of transmission and identifying source reservoirs of M. ulcerans, are still largely unknown. Here, we used g...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Vandelannoote K,Phanzu DM,Kibadi K,Eddyani M,Meehan CJ,Jordaens K,Leirs H,Portaels F,Stinear TP,Harris SR,de Jong BC

更新日期：2019-02-06 00:00:00