Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:Although the microcirculatory dysfunctions of edema formation are well documented, the draining pattern of dermal edema lacks information. This study was to assess the potential drainage pathways of the interstitial fluid in patients with ankle edema using the anatomical and histological methods. METHODS AND RESULTS:Four amputees of lower leg participated in this study. Fluorescent imaging agent was injected into lateral ankle dermis in one volunteered patient before the amputation and three lower legs after the amputation. Physiologically in the volunteer or enhanced by cyclical compression on three amputated limbs, several fluorescent longitudinal pathways from ankle dermis to the broken end of the amputated legs were subsequently visualized and studied using histological methods, laser confocal microscopy and electron microscopy methods respectively. Interestingly, the fluorescent pathways confirmed to be fibrous connective tissues and the presence of two types: those of the cutaneous pathway (located in dermis or the interlobular septum among adipose tissues within the hypodermis) and those of the perivascular pathway (located in connective tissues surrounding the veins and the arteries). The intrinsic three-dimensional architecture of each fluorescent pathway was the longitudinally running and interconnected fibril bundles, upon which, an interfacial transport pathway within connective tissues was visualized by fluorescein. CONCLUSIONS:The current anatomical data suggested that a unique long-distance transport pathway composed of oriented fibrous connective tissues might play a pathophysiological role in draining dermal edema besides vascular circulations and provide novel understandings of general fibrous connective tissues in life science.
journal_name
Clin Hemorheol Microcircjournal_title
Clinical hemorheology and microcirculationauthors
Li H,Yang C,Lu K,Zhang L,Yang J,Wang F,Liu D,Cui D,Sun M,Pang J,Dai L,Han D,Liao Fdoi
10.3233/CH-162057subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-05 00:00:00pages
411-421issue
4eissn
1386-0291issn
1875-8622pii
CH2057journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) has a role in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic cardiovascular events. We studied the plasma concentration of NO stable end products (nitrite and nitrate--NOx) in 43 patients aged<46 years, with recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The evaluation was effected at the initial stage, after 3...
journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) as a high-performance, thermoplastic implant material entered the field of medical applications due to its structural function and commercial availability. In bone tissue engineering, the combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with PEEK implants may accelerate the bone formation and...
journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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doi:10.3233/CH-152001
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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doi:10.3233/CH-131744
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/CH-168017
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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doi:
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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doi:
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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doi:
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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journal_title:Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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