Abstract:
PURPOSE:Compelling evidence suggests larger performance decrements during hypoxic versus normoxic repeated sprinting. Yet the underlying mechanical alterations have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, we examined the effects of different levels of normobaric hypoxia on running mechanical performance during repeated treadmill sprinting. METHODS:Thirteen team sport athletes performed eight 5-s sprints with 25 s of passive recovery on an instrumented treadmill in either normoxia near sea level (SL; FiO2 = 20.9%), moderate normobaric hypoxia (MH; FiO2 = 16.8%; corresponding to ~1800 m altitude), or severe normobaric hypoxia (SH; FiO2 = 13.3%; ~3600 m). RESULTS:Net power output in the horizontal direction did not differ (P > 0.05) between conditions for the first sprint (mean ± SD, pooled values: 13.09 ± 1.97 W·kg) but was lower for the eight sprints in SH compared with SL (-7.3% ± 5.5%, P < 0.001) and MH (-7.1% ± 5.9%, P < 0.01), with no difference between SL and MH (+0.1% ± 8.0%, P = 1.00). Sprint decrement score was similar between conditions (pooled values: -11.4% ± 7.9%, P = 0.49). Mean vertical, horizontal, and resultant ground reaction forces decreased (P < 0.001) from the first to the last repetition in all conditions (pooled values: -2.4% ± 1.9%, -8.6% ± 6.5%, and -2.4% ± 1.9%). This was further accompanied by larger kinematic (mainly contact time: +4.0% ± 2.9%, P < 0.001, and +3.3% ± 3.6%, P < 0.05, respectively; stride frequency: -2.3% ± 2.0%, P < 0.01, and -2.3% ± 2.8%, P < 0.05, respectively) and spring-mass characteristics (mainly vertical stiffness: -6.0% ± 3.9% and -5.1% ± 5.7%, respectively, P < 0.01) fatigue-induced changes in SH compared with SL and MH. CONCLUSION:In SH, impairments in repeated sprint ability and in associated kinetics/kinematics and spring-mass characteristics exceed those observed near SL and in MH (i.e., no or minimal difference). Specifically, SH accentuates the repeated sprint ability fatigue-related inability to effectively apply forward-oriented ground reaction force and to maintain vertical stiffness and stride frequency.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Brocherie F,Millet GP,Morin JB,Girard Odoi
10.1249/MSS.0000000000000937subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-01 00:00:00pages
1570-9issue
8eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:PURPOSE:This study examined the validity of the assumption of lower-extremity kinematic parameter reproducibility and symmetry during running with different velocities and stride frequencies. METHODS:Each of 12 female long-distance runners ran on a treadmill in combinations of three different velocities (2.5, 3.0, and...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000069337.49567.F0
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared physiological and perceptual responses to non-weight bearing (cycle) and weight bearing (treadmill) exercise in 16 sedentary women throughout a normal term pregnancy. Subjects were recruited late in the first trimester (less than 13 wk gestation) and were studied at 4 wk intervals throughout pregnancy and ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine how a stationary activity such as playing a stringed instrument may affect energy expenditure (EE) in adolescents. Using automated indirect calorimetry, we measured EE in eight adolescents (1 male, 7 females, 14.2 +/- 2.1 yr) while they each performed the following activities: watching televisio...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Equations are often used to predict cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) from submaximal or maximal exercise tests. However, no study has comprehensively compared these exercise-based equations with directly measured CRF using data from a single, large cohort. PURPOSE:This study aimed to compare the accuracy of exercise-b...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002435
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000251775.46460.cb
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The fluctuations in force during a steady contraction can be influenced by age, vision, and level of physiological arousal. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a stressor on the force fluctuations and information transmission exhibited by young, middle-aged, and older adults when a pinch-grip ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000178103.72988.cd
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Development of an endurance training-overtraining protocol for Wistar rats that includes increased workload and is characterized by analyses of performance and biomarkers. METHODS:The running protocol lasted 11 wk: 8 wk of daily exercise sessions followed by 3 wk of increasing training frequency (two, three, a...
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doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318191259c
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi:10.1097/00005768-199908000-00004
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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abstract::MRI is an excellent noninvasive method of diagnosing difficult shoulder problems. Although usually not needed for classic primary impingement syndrome or clinically obvious rotator cuff tears, MRI may be helpful in diagnosing secondary causes of impingement or in some cases involving partial rotator cuff tears. Some s...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Age Discrimination in Employment Act has raised the issue of Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications for employment in the public safety sector. Complicating the issue is the number of lawsuits filed for violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Physical performance testing as an alternative to arbitrar...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inheritance of cardiac changes during acute dynamic physical exercise was studied in 21 pairs of monozygotic and 12 pairs of dizygotic male twins, ages 18-31 yr. Echocardiography was performed in resting conditions and at submaximal supine bicycle exercise at a heart rate of 110 bpm. In resting conditions signific...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We provide an updated version of the Compendium of Physical Activities, a coding scheme that classifies specific physical activity (PA) by rate of energy expenditure. It was developed to enhance the comparability of results across studies using self-reports of PA. The Compendium coding scheme links a five-digit code t...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200009001-00009
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi:
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiorespiratory characteristics, relative body fat, grip strength and selected skinfolds, circumferences and bone diameters were determined in 25 males and 25 females (31--55 yr) whose exclusive mode of regular exercise was tennis (9.7--11.1 hr/wk). Mean resting heart rates were 54 beats/min for the males and 61 bea...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the relative association of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and adiposity with C-reactive protein (CRP) in prepubescent children. METHODS:Forty-five prepubescent children (age = 9.4 ± 1.6 yr; 26 boys) were assessed for adiposity (percent fat) via dua...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e0355e
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of the sickle cell trait in a school for elite young athletes in Cameroon, West Africa, was examined in order to evaluate whether the choice of an athletic career was influenced by its presence. The presence of hemoglobin AS was found in 27 of the 145 students attending the school (18.6%). Since the fre...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forces that are repeatedly applied to the body could lead to positive remodeling of a structure if the forces fall below the tensile limit of the structure and if sufficient time is provided between force applications. On the other hand, an overuse injury could result if there is inadequate rest time between applied f...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00