Abstract：
:Sepsis is caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Immune responses determine the characteristics of sepsis. The body's protection against infection involves danger signal surveillance and recognition from nonself, effector functions in response to sensing danger signals, homeostatic regulation, and generation of immunologic memory. During sepsis, the immune system is activated by pathogen-associated and host-derived molecular patterns. Detecting these molecular patterns generates multisystem responses. Impaired organ function remote to the site of infection is the unifying feature. The processes by which an appropriate response to a microbial invader change from adaptive to maladaptive and dysregulated remain unclear.
journal_name
Crit Care Clinjournal_title
Critical care clinicsauthors
Conway-Morris A,Wilson J,Shankar-Hari Mdoi
10.1016/j.ccc.2017.08.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
29-42issue
1eissn
0749-0704issn
1557-8232pii
S0749-0704(17)30067-2journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:It is as important to monitor the passage of time in the resuscitation effort as it is to follow the physiologic parameters. The goals in resuscitation are based on restoring cellular metabolism to a level consistent with optimum survival. The level of invasiveness of monitoring is dictated by the extent to which the ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, advances in critical care and mechanical ventilation have resulted in an increased salvage of critically ill patients, a number of whom require long-term ventilation as a means of life support. In addition, the total number of patients receiving long-term ventilation has increased dramatically over the pas...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The most important adaptive responses from a physiological stance involved the cardiovascular system, consisting in particular of elevation of the cardiac output and its redistribution to favor the coronary and cerebral circulations, at the expense of the splanchnic vascular beds. The evidence regarding these physiolo...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2004.01.001
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, the various interactions between heart and lung that occur during positive-pressure ventilation are contrasted with spontaneous ventilation. Based on this analysis, appropriate ventilator management directed at optimizing oxygen delivery to the tissues can be employed in the treatment of the critically...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The critically ill patient presents a pharmaceutical dilemma, with the clinical condition often necessitating the administration of potent medications. The underlying disease process often includes or produces multi-system failure, which will subsequently alter the response to drugs, with the potential to further comp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant advances have been made in the management of cardiac arrhythmias. New technology has enhanced the ability to understand and treat a variety of tachycardias. Excitement and caution surround ablative approaches for atrial fibrillation. The role of ICDs and class III antiarrhythmic drugs in the management of ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70171-8
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The five components integral to modern, sophisticated airway management in trauma patients include equipment, pharmacologic adjuncts, manual techniques, physical circumstances, and patient profile. Although there is a finite number of pieces and types of equipment, pharmacologic adjuncts, and manual techniques, the la...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is important that educators in the intensive care unit (ICU) provide physicians in training with the guidance and experience requisite in developing foundational skills in value-based medical practice. This article discusses the underlying philosophy of ethically based medical decision making and describes the comp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70215-3
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epidemiology, biomechanics, physiopathology, emergency medical systems, diagnostic criteria, and therapy related to acute cervical spinal cord injury are discussed in this article. ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The EMR in the ICU has the utility of providing the necessary information to make sound clinical decisions for critically ill patients. For it to be optimized, the EMR must be more than just what is being replicated in the written record or merely a documentation tool; it must add value that supports and enhances clin...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70068-3
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The consequences of acute and chronic drug abuse pose significant problems for physicians managing the trauma victim in the resuscitative, perioperative, intensive care, and hospitalization periods. Substance abuse, whether acute or chronic, modifies the physiologic response to injury and to resuscitative and operativ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article identifies the key challenges facing critical care practitioners in Africa. As a continent with a large proportion of the poorest countries and a plethora of unique diseases that place large demands for critical resources, the provision of care is largely in the context of severely constrained human and m...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2006.03.008
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both limb muscle weakness and respiratory muscle weakness are exceedingly common in critically ill patients. Respiratory muscle weakness prolongs ventilator dependence, predisposing to nosocomial complications and death. Limb muscle weakness persists for months after discharge from intensive care and results in poor l...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2018.03.005
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluid creep is the term applied to a burn resuscitation, which requires more fluid than predicted by standard formulas. Fluid creep is common today and is linked to several serious edema-related complications. Increased fluid requirements may accompany the appropriate resuscitation of massive injuries but dangerous fl...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2016.06.007
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) consist mainly of Enterococcus faecalis and E faecium, the latter mostly hospital-acquired. In addition, E gallinarum and E casseliflavus are intrinsically vancomycin-resistant and are community-acquired. VRE have become common in many hospitals throughout the world and, once est...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2013.06.006
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critical illness predisposes individuals to highly variable metabolic and immune responses, leading to muscle mass loss, impaired healing, immobility, and susceptibility to infections and cognitive impairment. Recommendations for nutrition in critically ill patients are supported by observational studies, small random...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2015.11.002
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transplant patients face challenging medical journeys, with many detours to the intensive care unit. Before and after transplantation, they have significant psychological and cognitive comorbidities, which decrease their quality of life and potentially compromise their medical outcomes. Critical care staff are essenti...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2017.03.009
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the geriatric population in the United States increases and better management of chronic diseases improves survival, more elderly will become critically ill and potentially require treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU). Dan Callahan has written, "... we will live longer lives, be better sustained by medical car...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00056-3
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optimal airway management requires an experienced caregiver, attention to detail, and knowledge of the patient's physiology. A variety of pharmacologic agents have proved useful in obtaining a secure airway and minimizing risk to the patient. Depending on the skills of the caregiver, oral intubation has become the pre...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70119-6
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Approximately 12,000 Americans suffer traumatic spinal cord injuries each year. This article discusses the management of their neurologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastroenterologic, and genitourinary complications in the critical care setting. ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As health care expenditures increase, payers, including the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, are moving away from reimbursement based on types and volume of services to an emphasis on quality of provided care, an approach called value-based purchasing (VBP). Because it is tied to reimbursement, VBP creates ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability, portability, safety, and other features of ultrasound have ushered this relatively new imaging modality into the everyday clinical practice of multiple disciplines. Features unique to ultrasound lend this imaging modality the opportunity for extensive use in the ICU. A review of its uses in this capa...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70097-x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral injury is a frequent complication of cardiac surgery, and it has been associated with high mortality, morbidity, hospital costs; an increased likelihood of admission to a secondary care facility after hospital discharge; and impaired quality of life. This article examines postulated mechanisms for cerebral in...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2007.09.004
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As scientists and physicians have gained sophistication in understanding and treating illness, our view of disease has changed in scope. We appreciate more fully the diverse and wide-ranging effects of stress on the ability of the organism to maintain homeostasis. As our study of the failure of homeostasis has advance...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The provision of care to the CCI patient is complex, challenging, and unique. The advanced practice nursing model at Mount Sinai Hospital is one successful care delivery model that fills the needs of both CCI patients and the nurses who work with them. The following transferable aspects of the RCU add to the unit's su...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(02)00008-8
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measuring cardiac output without knowledge of the oxygen extraction by the tissues is of limited value. Instead of calculating oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery, a diagram relating cardiac index to the oxygen extraction ratio is proposed to interpret hemodynamic data at the bedside. This diagram is particularly h...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70288-8
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical agents of warfare are divided into lung agents, blood agents, vesicants, and nerve agents. Intensivists must familiarize themselves with the clinical presentation and management principles in the event of a chemical attack. Key principles in management include aggressive supportive care and early administrati...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2019.05.002
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The years that have passed since the introduction of the pulmonary artery catheter have been marked by radical changes in the practice of general and critical care medicine. There has been an increase in the application of physiologic principles to the management of shock states, myocardial infarction, and respiratory...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70278-5
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vesicants (or blister agents) are cytotoxic alkylating compounds, which are chemical agents sometimes collectively known as mustard gas or simply as mustard. Other blister agents are nitrogen mustard; sulfur mustard; lewisite, a vesicant that contains arsenic; and phosgene oxime, a halogenated oxime that possesses dif...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2005.06.005
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To be in respiratory distress is to be anxious. To be mechanically ventilated is to be grossly uncomfortable at best. To undergo weaning in the presence of possible severe respiratory compromise, again, inevitably is anxiety provoking. Assessment of the contributing causes of agitation is essential if patients are to ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
