Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:Research suggests unintentional overdose on prescription drugs and intentional self-harm cases differ fundamentally from unintentional illicit drug overdoses, but there are few data on opioid overdose per se. METHOD:We analyzed consecutive opioid overdose patients age 13 and over (N = 435) treated by a toxicology consult service to compare three poisoning groups: unintentional illicit drug (illicit, n = 128), unintentional prescription drug (prescription, n = 217), and intentional self-harm (self-harm, n = 90). The groups were compared on key characteristics of the poisoning events (severity, co-ingestion of non-opioid) and the hospital-based treatments required to manage the poisonings (use of antidote, provision of pharmacological support). Logistic regressions yielded incident rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS:Compared to the illicit group, the prescription group was more likely to co-ingest a non-opioid drug (IRR [95% CI] = 1.594 [1.077, 2.358], p = .020. Compared to illicit cases, self-harm cases were more likely to co-ingest a non-opioid drug (IRR = 3.181 [1.620, 6.245], p = .001) and had a lower poisoning severity score (IRR = 0.750 [0.564, 0.997], p = .048). There were no statistically significant differences between the self-harm and prescription groups. CONCLUSIONS:The similarities between the self-harm and prescription poisoning groups suggest that they may benefit from common interventions including appropriate restriction on prescription of opioids and other medications that may be misused (e.g., sedative-hypnotic/muscle relaxants). The characteristics of the illicit poisoning group (use of heroin; more severe overdose events) suggest the need for initiation of intensive substance use treatment interventions during hospitalization.
journal_name
J Stud Alcohol Drugsjournal_title
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugsauthors
Conner KR,Wiegand TJ,Kaukeinen K,Gorodetsky R,Schult R,Heavey SCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
893-898issue
6eissn
1937-1888issn
1938-4114journal_volume
79pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to examine racial-ethnic differences in perceived stigmatization of former alcoholics and their effect on associations of race-ethnicity with treatment history and psychological function among lifetime alcoholics. METHOD:Logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from Wa...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.231
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to determine the associations among paternal alcohol problems, separation, and educational attainment in European American and African American offspring and whether offspring early alcohol/tobacco/marijuana use influenced these associations. METHOD:Families with offspring ages 13-19 years a...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2017.78.426
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Increasing numbers of substance users report simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use such that their effects overlap. More research is needed to understand what motivates this behavior, especially to inform interventions that address SAM use. A 26-item measure of SAM motives was designed and tested in pr...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Combatting the opioid epidemic requires systemic policy changes that address the underutilization of medication-assisted treatment, a therapy that is effective in treating opioid use disorder. In this study, we present approaches used in five states to increase medication-assisted treatment financing and acce...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Women in families receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) cash assistance are twice as likely to have a substance use disorder (SUD) than their non-TANF counterparts in the past year. However, evidence is limited about substance misuse patterns and comorbid mental health problems among women ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) has developed a two-question tool for the detection of unhealthy drinking (NIAAA-2Q) that investigates excessive alcohol consumption per single occasion. NIAAA-2Q can be commuted into a four-question tool (NIAAA-4Q) by the addition of two question...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2012.73.126
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined the acquisition of conditioning between novel stimuli and single doses of alcohol in social drinkers. Environmental stimuli present during the consumption of alcohol or other drugs come to elicit conditioned responses that subsequently increase drug seeking. However, relatively few studies...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2016.77.317
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Abstinence outcomes are typically prioritized in the treatment of cocaine use disorder while ignoring patterns of low-frequency cocaine use. This study examined patterns of cocaine use frequency during treatment and evaluated how these patterns related to baseline characteristics and functioning outcomes 6 an...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study describes the development and testing of a multicomponent media campaign aimed at increasing discussions of alcohol use during pregnancy. METHOD:Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programs in Iowa were paired and, within each pair, were randomly assigned to a usual-care group (advice not to consum...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.739
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The Good Sports program uses a systematic accreditation process to implement gradual alcohol-related harm-reduction strategies in Australian community sports clubs that aim to reduce the incidence of harmful alcohol-related behaviors, such as drink driving. This study tested whether the Good Sports program re...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2012.73.316
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was conducted to investigate the number and characteristics of adolescent alcohol intoxication cases in hospital Departments of Pediatrics. The study also analyzes drinking patterns and intoxication characteristics. METHOD:Data were collected using the Dutch Pediatric Surveillance System, in which...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.366
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The current study tested the associations between a dual-systems model of self-control and alcohol use and problem severity. METHOD:The sample consisted of 491 college students (77.0% women) from a rural state university. Participants completed a series of online surveys that assessed aspects of self-control...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2011.72.678
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to compare the relative effectiveness of three treatment modalities for adolescent substance use: biological drug screening (BDS), Motivational Enhancement Therapy-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (MET/CBT5), and BDS combined with MET/CBT5, relative to no treatment. METHOD:This stud...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2014.75.358
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Marijuana use is relatively common among youth and increases during the transition to adulthood. Yet a substantial number of adolescents and young adults do not use marijuana. The purpose of this study was to examine how high school seniors' reasons for intending not to use marijuana within the next 12 months...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Little is known about the effects of alcohol-related infractions and resulting reprimands for invoking behavioral change among mandated college students. The primary aim of this study was to assess the extent to which students significantly reduce their drinking between the time of an alcohol-related violatio...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2008.69.286
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to determine if parental restriction regarding Restricted-rated movies (R movies) predicts lower rates of early-onset alcohol use. METHOD:Students from 15 northern New England middle schools were surveyed in 1999, and never-drinkers were resurveyed 13-26 months later to determine al...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.452
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Training in an inhibitory control task has produced reductions in alcohol use among heavy drinkers. However, the longevity of effects remains unknown, and much research has used suboptimal control conditions. Here, we assess the effectiveness of "Beer-NoGo" inhibitory training to reduce consumption up to 4 we...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Latinos experience more severe pain relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Although pain is associated with alcohol use, little is known about pain/alcohol associations among Latinos. The current study examined whether emotion dysregulation explained associations between pain intensity/disability and alcohol...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2017.78.938
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This research examined the relationship between the intragroup familiarity among peers visiting nightclubs and the likelihood of experiencing negative outcomes. We hypothesized, based on our prior work, that members who are more familiar with their group would be more likely to experience sexual and physical ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2015.76.924
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although studies consistently have found a negative bivariate association between alcohol use and academic performance among college students, some research suggests that this association largely results from student differences at matriculation. The present study examines this relationship while controlling ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2007.68.548
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Adult sexual assault (ASA) survivors report greater levels of problem drinking than do other women, and research suggests that their coping strategies, reactions from their social networks, and traumatic life events affect their problem drinking. The links between these factors and problem drinking may be mod...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2009.70.41
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We sought to replicate findings about the effect of therapist-imposed structure on alcoholism-treatment effectiveness for aftercare patients at different levels of interpersonal reactance and to examine if the effect generalizes to patients in a primary phase of treatment. METHOD:Analyses were based on ex po...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2009.70.929
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of brief physician advice in reducing alcohol use and related harm in college students. METHOD:The College Health Intervention Projects (CHIPs) is a randomized, controlled clinical trial with 12-month follow-up conducted in five college health clinics in Wiscons...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.23
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although much research has explored the relation of substance-use norms to substance use among college students, much less research has focused on employed adults and the workplace as a social context for social norms regarding substance use. This study explored the relation of descriptive and injunctive work...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.526
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Despite growing evidence of the adverse health effects of social disadvantage on minority populations, few studies have investigated whether such effects extend to alcohol problems. This study examines social disadvantage as a source of stress and analyzes its association with alcohol use and problems in the ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2008.69.824
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The use of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) has been shown to reduce heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems among college students. Limited research has examined how mental health is related to PBS use in the prediction of alcohol outcomes. Consequently, the aims of the present study wer...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2013.74.413
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The use of alcohol to cope with stress is a major health concern, yet the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on alcohol-related cognition are not well understood. This study examined changes in event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by alcohol-related images before and after a st...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2012.73.761
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to test differences in the associations between race and ethnicity and early alcohol use initiation among adolescents from an urban school district in a high-risk area. METHOD:In 2004, a total of 1,350 white, black, and Hispanic seventh graders completed questionnaires assessing...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2008.69.660
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The literature on whether readiness to change (RTC) alcohol use translates into actual change among college students is both limited and mixed, despite the importance of understanding naturalistic change processes. Few studies have used fine-grained, prospective data to examine the link between RTC and subseq...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2015.76.790
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chronic alcoholism is associated with impaired cognitive abilities, with a more severe deficit in visual than in verbal functions. The visual processing deficits have classically been associated with impaired function of the visual cortex, located in the occipital lobe. The present study sought to increase cu...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2014.75.817
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
