Abstract:
:INTRODUCTION: Research on the mortality of space explorers has focused exclusively on U.S. astronauts and Soviet and Russian cosmonauts. However, other nations have organized space programs over the last 40 yr and the European Space Agency, the Canadian Space Agency, the China National Space Administration, and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency all offer an opportunity for further study of the mortality of space explorers.METHODS: We used biographical and vital data abstracted from public sources for European, Canadian, Chinese, and Japanese astronauts. Using general population mortality rates from the Human Mortality Database and mortality rates derived from the cohort of U.S. astronauts, we computed standardized mortality ratios.RESULTS: The groups displayed different preferences in selection of astronauts. As there were no deaths in any of the four groups, the point estimates for standardized mortality ratios were all 0. However, the European cohort experienced a statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality risk in comparison to the European general population as well as in comparison to U.S. astronauts.DISCUSSION: The healthy worker effect predicts that all study cohorts should have lower all-cause mortality risk in comparison to their general populations. The general population of Japan has mortality rates low enough that any reduction in mortality risk may remain undetectable in the Japanese cohort. Continued surveillance of these populations in the coming decades will make them a useful addition to the evidence base for astronaut mortality.Reynolds RJ, Day SM. Mortality among international astronauts. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(7):647-651.
journal_name
Aerosp Med Hum Performjournal_title
Aerospace medicine and human performanceauthors
Reynolds RJ,Day SMdoi
10.3357/AMHP.5369.2019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-01 00:00:00pages
647-651issue
7eissn
2375-6314issn
2375-6322journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Shoulder injuries due to working inside the space suit are some of the most serious and debilitating injuries astronauts encounter. Space suit injuries occur primarily in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) underwater training facility due to accumulated musculoskeletal stress. We quantitatively explored...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
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abstract:INTRODUCTION:The first off-Earth fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer is investigating acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic manufacturing applications for long-duration space missions. This study assessed the feasibility of FDM 3D printing ABS thermoplastic customized mallet splints on site for Mar...
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abstract::INTRODUCTION: Visual performance is important for safe and accurate taxiing operations. Visibility is associated with navigation errors during taxiing. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of visibility on pilots' fixation patterns during taxiing. The interaction between visibility an...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
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更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
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