Abstract:
:INTRODUCTION: In-flight medical emergencies (IFMEs) average 1 of every 604 flights and are expected to increase as the population ages and air travel increases. Flight diversions, or the rerouting of a flight to an alternate destination, occur in 2 to 13% of IFME cases, but may or may not be necessary as determined after the fact. Estimating the effect of IFME diversions compared to nonmedical diversions can be expected to improve our understanding of their impact and allow for more appropriate decision making during IFMEs.METHODS: The current study matched multiple disparate datasets, including medical data, flight plan and track data, passenger statistics, and financial data. Chi-squared analysis and independent samples t-tests compared diversion delays and costs metrics between flights diverted for medical vs. nonmedical reasons. Data were restricted to domestic flights between 1/1/2018 and 6/30/2019.RESULTS: Over 70% of diverted flights recover (continue on to their intended destination after diverting); however, flights diverted due to IFMEs recover more often and more quickly than do flights diverted for nonmedical reasons. IFME diversions introduce less delay overall and cost less in terms of direct operating costs and passenger value of time (averaging around 38,000) than do flights diverted for nonmedical reasons.DISCUSSION: Flights diverted due to IFMEs appear to have less impact overall than do flights diverted for nonmedical reasons. However, the lack of information related to costs for nonrecovered flights and the decision factors involved during nonmedical diversions hinders our ability to offer further insights.Lewis BA, Gawron VJ, Esmaeilzadeh E, Mayer RH, Moreno-Hines F, Nerwich N, Alves PM. Data-driven estimation of the impact of diversions due to in-flight medical emergencies on flight delay and aircraft operating costs. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(2):99105.
journal_name
Aerosp Med Hum Performjournal_title
Aerospace medicine and human performanceauthors
Lewis BA,Gawron VJ,Esmaeilzadeh E,Mayer RH,Moreno-Hines F,Nerwich N,Alves PMdoi
10.3357/AMHP.5720.2021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-02-01 00:00:00pages
99-105issue
2eissn
2375-6314issn
2375-6322journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Shoulder injuries due to working inside the space suit are some of the most serious and debilitating injuries astronauts encounter. Space suit injuries occur primarily in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) underwater training facility due to accumulated musculoskeletal stress. We quantitatively explored...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4220.2015
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: We examined aircrew fatigue during the following flight duty periods (FDPs) mentioned in the European Union (EU) Flight Time Limitations (FTLs): night FDPs longer than 10 h and FDPs typical of disruptive schedules (early starts, late finishes, and nights). An alternative way of classifying night FDPs was...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5561.2020
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cartilage tissue engineering is a growing field due to the lack of regenerative capacity of native tissue. The use of bioreactors for cartilage tissue engineering is common, but the results are controversial. Some studies suggest that microgravity bioreactors are ideal for chondrogenesis, while others show t...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4743.2017
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: This study explores the safety risk due to delayed detection of hazardous health conditions that would result from increasing the duration of U.S. first-class aeromedical certificates from 6 mo to 12 mo for pilots ages 40 yr old through 60 yr old.METHODS: All pilots who submitted a U.S. first-class appli...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5268.2019
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: Spatial disorientation (SD) remains a leading cause of Class A mishaps and fatalities in aviation. Motion-based flight simulators and other research devices provide the capacity to rigorously study SD in order to develop effective countermeasures. By applying mathematical models of human orientation perc...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5416.2019
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Orientation in a 3-dimensional environment increases demands on the vestibular system. The anterior, lateral, and posterior semicircular canals sense pitch, roll, and yaw acceleration, respectively. The macular end organs sense linear acceleration and provide gravity reference. Creatures that evolved to fl...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5104.2018
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Antarctica is a useful analog for spaceflight, as both environments are remote, isolated, and with limited resources. While previous studies have demonstrated increased asymptomatic viral shedding in both the Antarctic and spaceflight environments, clinical manifestations of reactivated viral disease have ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4450.2017
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::On ISS missions and explorer class missions, unexpected medical and surgical emergencies could be disastrous. Lack of ability to rapidly assess and make critical decisions affects mission capability. Current imaging modalities on ISS consist only of ultrasound. There are many acute diagnoses which ultrasound alone can...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4110.2015
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acetabular labral tears in the hip have become an increasingly common finding in active duty members due to improved diagnostic capabilities. This has led to a dramatic increase in operative management despite a lack of evidence to support clear long-term benefits. Literature review demonstrated overwhelming...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4883.2018
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::BACKGROUND: Raised blood pressure (BP) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is a common cause of sudden in-flight incapacitation among pilots. Prevalence of hypertension (HT) among pilots as per new criteria is largely unknown. This study aims to understand the prevalence of hypertension and obesity in c...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5374.2019
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: Changes of visual function/neuro-opthalmic structures during spaceflight have been described as visual impairment and intracranial pressure syndrome (VIIP)/spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS). Although theories are suggested, the mechanism is unknown. Only indirect measurements of intracr...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5170.2019
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::BACKGROUND: Although the understanding of hypobaric hypoxia is increasing, it remains a hazard in aviation medicine. This study examined the feasibility of detecting voice markers sensitive to acute hypobaric hypoxia in an early presymptomatic (PRE-SYMP) stage.METHOD: Eight subjects qualified with hypobaric training c...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5390.2020
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Layovers are critical for pilot recovery between flights and minimum layover durations are required by regulation. However, research on the factors affecting layover sleep and safety performance indicators (SPIs) before subsequent flights is relatively sparse. The present project combined data from 6 studi...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4965.2018
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::BACKGROUND: Frequent migraine headaches are disabling and aeromedically disqualifying. Four new monoclonal antibody medications, targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 2018, with more expected in the coming years. These medications pres...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5688.2020
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hardware systems necessary to support exercise countermeasures to the deconditioning associated with microgravity exposure have evolved and improved significantly during the first decade of the International Space Station (ISS), resulting in both new types of hardware and enhanced performance capabilities for init...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.EC02.2015
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ecology of medical care model has been used in various populations with varying results. We aimed to apply this model in the population of Israeli Air Force (IAF) aviators. METHODS:An anonymous questionnaire was presented to all Israeli Air Force aviators during their mandatory yearly check-up over 1 yr...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4406.2016
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Apache pilots needing refractive correction are issued modified HGU-4/P aviator spectacles. However, a recently published survey found field of view (FOV) dissatisfaction with the current spectacles when sighting in with a Helmet Display Unit (HDU). A current Air Force flight frame was modified in-lab and th...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4581.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is the "silent killer" and may lead to more severe conditions if left unmanaged. Hypertension in service members of the U.S. military has the potential to negatively impact readiness. The aim of this study was to assess the potential impact to readiness of...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5229.2019
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:To ensure flight safety military aircrew undergo regular clinical and occupational assessment. Coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) has been established as an imaging modality to noninvasively assess coronary artery disease (CAD). CT coronary angiography (CTCA) potentially offers a more accurate assessme...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4636.2017
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Medical Emergency Response Team (MERT) helicopters fly at altitudes of 3000 m in Afghanistan (9843 ft). Civilian hospitals and disaster-relief surgical teams may have to operate at such altitudes or even higher. Mild hypoxia has been seen to affect the performance of novel tasks at flight levels as low as ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4761.2017
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4520.2016
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4554.2016
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4993.2018
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4134.2015
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5405.2019
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5429.2019
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4259.2015
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4510.2016
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4630.2016
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5548.2020
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00