Abstract:
:The effects of estrogen and fasting on hepatic metabolism were studied by an arteriovenous difference technique in six multicatheterized ewes. In each experiment samples were collected during fed and 3- and 5-day fasted states before, and 10 to 17 days after the animals had been implanted with 550 mg of estradiol-17 beta. The implants elevated plasma estradiol five- to seven-fold. Plasma concentrations of insulin and triglyceride (TG) were increased (P less than 0.01) by 131% and 62% respectively by estradiol in fed sheep. Concurrent circulating concentrations of glucose, glycerol, free fatty acids, and beta-hydroxybutyrate were unaffected. During fasting estradiol elevated circulating concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate slightly, while levels of other metabolites and insulin were not different from fasted controls. In fed animals estradiol had no effect on the net hepatic uptake (NHU) of TG or glycerol but during fasting estradiol reduced the NHU of TG and glycerol by 47% and 31% (P less than 0.01) respectively. In addition, estradiol reduced the net hepatic production of beta-hydroxybutyrate in fed, but not in fasted animals. Net hepatic exchanges of glucose, or FFA were not affected by estradiol in either the fed or fasted state. Fasting increased the NHU of TG (P less than 0.05) and glycerol (P less than 0.01). The results of this study suggest that estradiol, at physiological concentrations, has lipotropic and anti-ketogenic effects on the ruminant liver. However, the anti-ketogenic effect is not apparent in fasted animals. Secondly, it appears that the hepatic lipidosis which often occurs in ruminants during negative energy balance is due largely to an increase in the NHU of circulating TG.
journal_name
Domest Anim Endocrinoljournal_title
Domestic animal endocrinologyauthors
Kerr DE,Chaplin RK,Laarveld Bdoi
10.1016/0739-7240(88)90020-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-04-01 00:00:00pages
191-7issue
2eissn
0739-7240issn
1879-0054pii
0739-7240(88)90020-3journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Adrenomedullin (AM) has been characterized as an endogenous tissue survival factor and modulator of many inflammatory processes. Because of the increased susceptibility of the mammary gland to infection during the time surrounding parturition in the cow, we investigated how milk and tissue content of AM and its bindin...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.02.004
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) in dogs is caused by a pituitary corticotroph adenoma. Although PDH is a common disorder in dogs, little is known about the underlying pathogenesis. In the pituitary glands of humans and mice, the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing cell lineages, the corticotrophs and...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2007.03.002
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin, the endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a), stimulates food intake in mammals centrally and peripherally. In contrast, central injection of ghrelin inhibits feeding in neonatal chicks (Gallus gallus), which is thought to be mediated by the corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.12.002
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adipose tissue (AT) depots are heterogeneous in terms of morphology and adipocyte metabolism. Adiponectin, one of the most abundant adipokines, is known for its insulin sensitizing effects and its role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Little is known about the presence of adiponectin protein in visceral (vc) and subcu...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.12.001
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been established that sows up- or down-regulate their milk production as the frequency of nursings is changed. The amount of udder massage by piglets might also influence milk production. To investigate whether these effects are associated with changes in prolactin or insulin levels, we enforced five sows each ...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(99)00025-9
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pituitary gland, occupying a central position in the hypothalamo-pituitary thyroidal axis, produces thyrotropin (TSH), which is known to stimulate the thyroid gland to synthetize and release its products, thyroid hormones. TSH is produced by a specific cell population in the pituitary, the so-called thyrotropes. T...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.02.008
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to illuminate the changes in serum NEFA concentrations during a combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT) and basal serum triacylglycerides (TGs) with increasing BW in Shetland ponies and warmblood horses. Therefore, basal blood samples were taken during fasting and a CGIT was performed in 1...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.01.003
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of genetic selection for improved feed conversion (FC) and fast growth (GL) in broiler chickens, on the hepatic growth hormone receptor was investigated as a function of age. Selection for improved feed conversion resulted in lean chickens, whereas selection for fast growth resulted in fat chickens. Grow...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0739-7240(93)90024-6
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environment enrichment is a rising topic for animal welfare but measures to identify effective enrichment interventions are lacking. In humans and rodent species, environmental enrichment increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the most abundant neurotrophin in the brain. Higher BDNF concentration is ultim...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.05.007
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considering that recumbency can lead to a change in localization, detectability of distinct margins and thus measurement of the organs and reconstruction quality, it is of value to evaluate the effect of positioning on the objective evaluation of abdominal organs in computed tomography (CT). The objective of the prese...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106406
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we estimated insulin sensitivity and determined plasma concentrations of total-, low-molecular-weight (LMW), and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin and leptin in 72 domestic shorthair, neutered, client-owned cats. Glucose tolerance was assessed with an intravenous glucose tolerance test and body fa...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.11.006
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the early postpartum period dairy cows mobilize fat and muscle to support lactation. This is associated with alterations in blood metabolite and hormone profiles which in turn influence milk yield and fertility. This study developed models to determine how metabolic traits, milk yield and body condition score w...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.05.004
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The corpus luteum (CL) is an ovarian structure which is critical for the maintenance of reproductive cyclicity and pregnancy support. Diet and/or diet components may affect some luteal functions. FSH is widely used to induce multiple follicle development and superovulation. We hypothesized that FSH would affect luteal...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.08.002
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::beta-Adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) agonists increase muscle mass and decrease body fat in rodents and livestock. With oral administration, however, the effects of beta1-AR and beta2-AR can be different, depending on the species tested. We tested the effects of clenbuterol, a beta2-AR agonist, and ractopamine, a beta1/...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2003.08.004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimentally induced fever is accompanied by a variety of hormonal changes, and there is evidence to suggest that some of these responses may be mediated by prostaglandins. However, little is known about the endocrine effects of peripherally administered prostaglandins, especially in domesticated species. In this st...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0739-7240(94)00021-r
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to describe the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and peripheral tissue insulin response in dairy cows with a variable body condition score (BCS) during the dry period. Cows were selected at the beginning of the dry period based on BCS (BCS <3.75, n = 4; BCS >3.75, n...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.12.004
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological regulation of food intake is a critical factor in both the rate at which an animal grows and its reproductive activity. Recently, progress has been made in elucidating a complex system in which insulin, leptin, and neuropeptide Y function to monitor an animal's energy balance and regulate feed intake...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(97)00028-3
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined, at identical daily nutrient intakes, the impact of separating protein and lactose intakes across two daily meals on the metabolic and endocrine status in heavy veal calves. Calves were assigned to one of six degrees of separating protein and lactose over the two meals (termed nutrient synch...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2007.01.003
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central administration of adrenomedullin (AM), a 52-amino acid peptide, is associated with anorexigenic effects in some species, including rodents and chickens. However, the associated hypothalamic mechanisms remain unclear and it is unknown if this peptide exerts satiety-inducing effects in other avian species. The o...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106465
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammary gland growth and morphogenesis are regulated by interactions between hormones as much as by their individual actions. The effect of these interactions on the mammary gland phenotype in species other than rodents is relatively undefined. We investigated the individual and combined effects of estrogen (E), proge...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.04.002
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of the present study were to evaluate and compare the accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) assay in the diagnosis of twin pregnancies in ewes and to evaluate the utility of the PAG assay for predicting fetal gender in singleton pregnancies. The animals i...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106399
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary data suggest that prohormone convertase 1 (PC1/3) protein expression and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) processing are altered in large corticotroph tumors. The aim of this study was to characterize the levels of ACTH precursors and PC1/3 protein in small and large corticotroph tumors of dogs with Cushing's di...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.10.001
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha is known to be a principal luteolytic factor, its action on the bovine corpus luteum (CL) is mediated by other intra-ovarian factors. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and its specific receptors are present in the bovine CL with the highest expressions at luteolysis. TNFalpha i...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.02.005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Experiment 1, voided urine samples were collected from 12 adult dogs at 0500, 1400, and 2200 hr for 4 days. Cortisol was measured in unextracted urine by radioimmunoassay, creatinine by spectrophotometry, and the cortisol/creatinine ratio (UCCR) was calculated for each sample. There was considerable variation both ...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0739-7240(90)90013-p
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an immunomodulatory feed ingredient during post-weaning on growth and cortisol concentrations of beef heifers. Commercial Angus heifers (n = 72) from 2 AI sires were blocked (n = 9) by BW and randomly assigned to one of 2 pens per block. Each pen (4 heifers/p...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106427
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to develop an assay for the direct measure of porcine corticosteroid-binding globulin (pCBG) and to confirm age-related changes in plasma pCBG concentration. Isolation and purification of pCBG from plasma was performed by affinity chromatography and HPLC-DEAE anion exchange techniques...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(03)00011-0
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to evaluate the effects of perinatal dexamethasone (Dex) treatment on postnatal growth in pigs. Experiment 1: 42 piglets were assigned according to birth weight and sex to receive either Dex (1 mg/kg body weight) or sterile saline (Control; equivalent volume) i.m. within 1h of birth. Body weights wer...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(02)00238-2
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrition has long been known to have a profound influence on reproductive performance of female cattle, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Whilst early investigations focused on the modulation of nutrition on hypothalamic-pituitary axis, more recent studies have tested the hypothesis that metabol...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(02)00159-5
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the effects of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I on glycerol release and the regulation of IGF-I and IGF-II expression by GH in isolated rainbow trout adipocytes. Cells were also incubated with GH, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), or insulin to analyze the...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2014.11.002
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized in the liver via the oxidation of cholesterol and further metabolized by microbiota in the gut, where they simultaneously impact gut function. In the present study, 10 goats were randomly divided into 2 groups; 1 group was injected with dexamethasone (Dex; 0.2 mg/kg), and the other gro...
journal_title:Domestic animal endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.05.005
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00