Abstract：
:A hybrid wastewater treatment process with combined attached biofilm (moving bed biofilm reactor) and activated sludge, named as Hybas™, was implemented for the treatment of municipal wastewater. The system consisted of six staged reactors in series including pre-denitrification and nitrification in the Hybas™ line and post-denitrification in a pure MBBR. In addition to the significant removal of nutrients and organic matter from municipal wastewater, Hybas™ also showed removal capacity for pharmaceuticals. Of particular interest was the enhanced removal for pharmaceuticals (i.e. X-ray contrast media) compared to other biological systems. Spiking experiments showed that the maximum removal rate constants (k, h-1) for 10 out of the 21 investigated pharmaceuticals (including diclofenac) were observed to occur within the two aerobic Hybas ™ reactors, operated in a flow-shifting mode that allows even biofilm growth of nitrifying bacteria. In total, 14 out of the 21 pharmaceuticals were removed by more than 50% during continuous flow operation in the all Hybas™ line and post-denitrification MBBR. The calculated and estimated removal contributions of pharmaceuticals by each individual reactor were also assessed.
journal_name
Chemospherejournal_title
Chemosphereauthors
Tang K,Ooi GTH,Torresi E,Kaarsholm KMS,Hambly A,Sundmark K,Lindholst S,Sund C,Kragelund C,Christensson M,Bester K,Andersen HRdoi
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127397subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
127397eissn
0045-6535issn
1879-1298pii
S0045-6535(20)31591-5journal_volume
259pub_type
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