Near-infrared photoactivatable nitric oxide donors with photoacoustic readout.

abstract：:Sedimentation velocity experiments measure the transport of molecules in solution under centrifugal force. Here, we describe a method for monitoring the sedimentation of very large biological molecular assemblies using the interference optical systems of the analytical ultracentrifuge. The mass, partial-specific volum...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Rogge RA,Hansen JC

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fragment-based drug discovery has emerged over the past 15 years as an effective lead discovery paradigm that is complementary to traditional high-throughput screening. The starting point for fragment-based drug discovery is the identification of low-molecular weight, typically low-affinity compounds that bind to a ta...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Desjarlais RL

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of genetically modified mouse lines has been increasing exponentially in the past few decades. In order to safeguard them from accidental loss and genetic drifting, to reduce animal housing cost, and to efficiently distribute them around the world, it is important to cryopreserve these valuable genetic reso...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Takahashi H,Liu C

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structure-based protein design is a powerful technique with great potential. Challenges in two areas limit performance: structure scoring and sequence-structure searching. Many of the functions used to describe the relationship between protein sequence and energy are computationally expensive to evaluate, and the spac...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Negron C,Keating AE

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under native conditions (native PAGE) is a well-established and versatile method for probing nucleic acid conformation and nucleic acid-protein interactions. Native PAGE has been used to measure RNA folding equilibria and kinetics under a wide variety of conditions. Advantages of thi...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Woodson SA,Koculi E

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood and the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm during infancy. Despite of aggressive treatment strategies, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic disease is still less than 60% and, consequently, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. For incre...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Di Paolo D,Loi M,Pastorino F,Brignole C,Marimpietri D,Becherini P,Caffa I,Zorzoli A,Longhi R,Gagliani C,Tacchetti C,Corti A,Allen TM,Ponzoni M,Pagnan G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell proliferation requires the coordination of multiple signaling pathways as well as the provision of metabolic substrates. Nutrients are required to generate such building blocks and their form of utilization differs to significant extents between malignant tissues and their nontransformed counterparts. Thus, oncog...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Iurlaro R,León-Annicchiarico CL,Muñoz-Pinedo C

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin plays a vital role in regulating cellular processes that occur on the DNA. Modulation of chromatin structure is conducted through interactions with binding factors that direct critical actions such as posttranslational modifications, nucleosome remodeling, and incorporation of histone variants. Specific fact...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Winkler DD,Luger K,Hieb AR

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isotopic enrichment of biomacromolecules is a widely used technique that enables the investigation of the structural and dynamic properties to provide information not accessible with natural abundance isotopic composition. This study reports an approach for deuterium incorporation into bacterial cellulose. A media for...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： O'Neill H,Shah R,Evans BR,He J,Pingali SV,Chundawat SP,Jones AD,Langan P,Davison BH,Urban V

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modular calcium-dependent carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs) of mammalian glycan-binding receptors (C-type lectins), engineered to have novel glycan-binding selectivity, have been developed as tools for the study of glycans on cell surfaces. Structure-based specificity swapping between domains can be complemented...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Powlesland AS,Quintero-Martinez A,Lim PG,Pipirou Z,Taylor ME,Drickamer K

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delivery of drugs and molecules to eukaryote animal and plant cells can be enhanced when mediated by mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) materials. This chapter describes, in detail, the synthesis of several different MSN materials used for the transport of various hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules, neurotra...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Fang IJ,Trewyn BG

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, we have described methods used to purify Rnt1p and study its biochemical properties. Rnt1p can be easily purified from bacteria as N-terminal His6-tagged protein and its activity may be monitored in vitro. Rnt1p cleaves the RNA by binding to a cleavage site followed by hydrolysis and product release. ...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Lamontagne B,Elela SA

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein (poly-)ubiquitination is a posttranslational modification that plays a key role in almost all cellular processes. It involves the installment of either single ubiquitin (Ub) moieties or one of eight different polyUb linkage types, each giving a distinct cellular outcome. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) reverse...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Geurink PP,van der Heden van Noort GJ,Mulder MPC,Knaap RCM,Kikkert M,Ovaa H

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The innate immune system provides host defense against a variety of threats, including microbial infection and cellular damage. Pattern recognition receptors identify both pathogen and damage associated molecular motifs associated with these events. Nucleic acid is one such danger signal that is detected by a set of c...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Antiochos B

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The monitoring of trace amounts of nitric oxide (NO) is of great interest for biomedical applications. High-resolution infrared spectroscopy, like laser magnetic resonance spectroscopy (LMRS), is a versatile technique for the quantitative and isotope-selective analysis of low concentrations of NO. The ability to disti...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Gäbler R,Lehmann J

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Omega class of cytosolic glutathione transferases was initially recognized by bioinformatic analysis of human sequence databases, and orthologous sequences were subsequently discovered in mouse, rat, pig, Caenorhabditis elegans, Schistosoma mansoni, and Drosophila melanogaster. In humans and mice, two GSTO genes h...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Whitbread AK,Masoumi A,Tetlow N,Schmuck E,Coggan M,Board PG

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter presents the application of capillary electrophoresis coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry (CE-ES-MS) for the analysis of complex bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from pathogenic strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis. A discussion is included of the development of electropho...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Li J,Martin A,Cox AD,Moxon ER,Richards JC,Thibault P

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondria are considered one of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The overgeneration of ROS can evoke an intracellular state of oxidative stress, leading to permanent cell damage. Thus, the intracellular accumulation of ROS may not only disrupt the functions of specific tissues and organs but also ...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Wojtala A,Bonora M,Malinska D,Pinton P,Duszynski J,Wieckowski MR

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Silica biomorphs and silica gardens are canonical examples of precipitation phenomena yielding self-assembled nanocrystalline composite materials with outstanding properties in terms of morphology and texture. Both types of structures form spontaneously in alkaline environments and rely on simple, and essentially simi...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Kellermeier M,Glaab F,Melero-García E,García-Ruiz JM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is activated by exon-junction complexes (EJCs) that are located downstream of the termination codon of the substrate mRNAs. This situation can be imitated by tethering components of the EJC to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of a reporter mRNA. Here we describe the detailed use o...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Gehring NH,Hentze MW,Kulozik AE

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a genetic system, termed IVET (in vivo expression technology), designed to identify bacterial genes that are induced when a pathogen infects its host. A subset of these induced genes should include those that encode virulence factors, products specifically required for the infection process. The syst...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Slauch JM,Mahan MJ,Mekalanos JJ

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzymology is approaching an era where many problems can benefit from computational studies. While ample challenges remain in quantitatively predicting behavior for many enzyme systems, the insights that often come from computations are an important asset for the enzymology community. Here we provide a primer for enzy...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Roston D,Cui Q

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to examine gene regulation in living cells has been greatly enabled by the development of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) methodology. ChIP captures a snapshot of protein-DNA interactions in vivo and has been used to study interactions in bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cell culture. ChIP conditions va...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Davis SE,Mooney RA,Kanin EI,Grass J,Landick R,Ansari AZ

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A genetic interaction occurs when the combination of two mutations leads to an unexpected phenotype. Screens for synthetic genetic interactions have been used extensively to identify genes whose products are functionally related. In particular, synthetic lethal genetic interactions often identify genes that buffer one...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Baryshnikova A,Costanzo M,Dixon S,Vizeacoumar FJ,Myers CL,Andrews B,Boone C

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzymatic processes have great potential for applications in industrial biocatalysis, biosensing, and biomedical engineering. However, poor stability and difficulty in the reuse of enzymes still create challenges for their use in catalysis and other applications. In recent years, enzyme-incorporated metal-organic fram...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Hou M,Ge J

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonribosomal peptides are natural products typically of bacterial and fungal origin. These highly complex molecules display a broad spectrum of biological activities, and have been exploited for the development of immunosuppressant, antibiotic, anticancer, and other therapeutic agents. The nonribosomal peptides are as...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Wilkinson B,Micklefield J

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies using sulfotransferase-deficient mice have revealed various physiological functions of sulfated glycans. Studies using gene-targeted mice deficient in both N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST)-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2 showed that these sulfotransferases play critical roles in lymphocyte homing....

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Kawashima H

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter provides the methodologies employed to study the polymorphism of human apoE. These and other related studies have advanced our understanding of the structure and function of this protein as follows: The complex array of human apoE observed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis results from genetic variat...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Zannis VI

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances have demonstrated the feasibility and robustness of chemical synthesis for the production of homogeneously glycosylated protein forms (glycoforms). By taking advantage of the unmatchable flexibility and precision provided by chemical synthesis, the quantitative effects of glycosylation were obtained us...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Li Y,Tran AH,Danishefsky SJ,Tan Z

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small GTPases of the Ras and Rho families are among the most studied signaling proteins and represent promising therapeutic targets for human neoplastic disease. Despite the high level of interest in these proteins, direct analysis of most aspects of Ras protein biology in living cells has not been possible, because m...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Westwick JK,Michnick SW

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00