Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Arterial ischemic stroke occurs more frequently in term newborns than in the elderly, and brain immaturity affects mechanisms of ischemic injury and recovery. The susceptibility to injury of the brain was assumed to be lower in the perinatal period as compared with childhood. This concept was recently challenged by clinical studies showing marked motor disabilities after stroke in neonates, with the severity of motor and cortical sensory deficits similar in both perinatal and childhood ischemic stroke. Our understanding of the triggers and the pathophysiological mechanisms of perinatal stroke has greatly improved in recent years, but many factors remain incompletely understood. METHODS:In this review, we focus on the pathophysiology of perinatal stroke and on therapeutic strategies that can protect the immature brain from the consequences of stroke by targeting inflammation and brain microenvironment. RESULTS:Studies in neonatal rodent models of cerebral ischemia have suggested a potential role for soluble inflammatory molecules as important modulators of injury and recovery. A great effort is underway to investigate neuroprotective molecules based on our increasing understanding of the pathophysiology. CONCLUSION:In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of new insights concerning pathophysiology of focal and global perinatal brain injury and their implications for new therapeutic approaches.
journal_name
Pediatr Neuroljournal_title
Pediatric neurologyauthors
Titomanlio L,Fernández-López D,Manganozzi L,Moretti R,Vexler ZS,Gressens Pdoi
10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.01.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
566-584issue
6eissn
0887-8994issn
1873-5150pii
S0887-8994(15)00046-6journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We report a female who was diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis at 4 years of age with life-threatening intracranial bleeding. The patient's serum was positive for c-antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies, and histologic analysis of the lung biopsy revealed evidence of granulomatous vasculitis. Initial treatment w...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00392-2
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Auditory event-related potentials (P300 latency; odd-ball paradigm) were examined in 129 patients with childhood epilepsies and 53 controls. The P300 latency in the patients with epilepsies (373 +/- 39.4 ms) was significantly longer than in controls (356 +/- 38.4), and the prolongation was greatest in the patients wit...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(95)00001-v
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinically mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is the second commonest cause of encephalopathy. Several pathogens have been detected in patients with MERS type 2, such as influenza A and B, but little is known about the proportion of cases of MERS type 2 with this pathogenesis. Human...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.08.021
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring, using somatosensory, brainstem auditory, and visual evoked potentials, transcranial electric motor stimulation, and electromyography, is typically used during complex surgeries involving the motor and sensory cortex, brainstem, cranial nerves, spinal cord, nerve root, periph...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2010.11.008
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nocturnal frontal-lobe epilepsy is characterized by paroxysmal arousals, motor seizures with dystonic or hyperkinetic features, and episodic nocturnal wanderings. Carbamazepine is effective for seizure control in some of these patients, but seizures may be refractory to multiple antiepileptic drugs. We report on eight...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.06.013
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood intracranial varix is rare and has been associated mostly with vein of Galen fistula or arteriovenous malformation. We present one patient with intracranial arteriovenous fistula with concomitant giant varix in a child. We treated the patient with endovascular embolization and obtained complete closure of fi...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00424-1
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal development of the central nervous system depends on complex, dynamic mechanisms with multiple spatial and temporal components during gestation. Neurodevelopmental disorders may originate during fetal life from genetic as well as intrauterine and extrauterine factors that affect the fetal-maternal environment. ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.10.009
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 13-year, 6-month-old female was evaluated for subacute onset of left-sided hemichorea/hemiballismus, with an old, right parietal, cortical, and subcortical stroke as the presumed cause. Treatment with gabapentin was initiated, with good results at 6-month follow-up. Discussion of the differential diagnosis and evalu...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(99)00104-6
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recirculation after transient intrauterine ischemia has previously been found to be accompanied by secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in the immature rat brain. This study was performed to assess the efficacy of combined treatment with ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol in improving secondary brain damage. On the 17t...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00383-1
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the clinical manifestations, genetic mutations, treatment responses to L-dopa, and long-term neurologic outcomes in Taiwanese infants with tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency. From 1999 to May 2011, we enrolled six infants who had been diagnosed with tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency by identifying point mutatio...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2011.11.012
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular abnormalities in neurofibromatosis type 1 may arise anywhere in the cardiovascular system, and cerebrovascular involvement is the predominant feature of moyamoya syndrome. Because neurofibromatosis type 1 is a neurocutaneous disorder and routine follow-up with cranial MRI is not standard practice in...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.04.007
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cyclic vomiting syndrome is characterized by recurrent vomiting that is associated with increased adrenocorticotropic hormone and antidiuretic hormone levels during cyclic vomiting syndrome attacks. However, both prognosis and treatment remain unclear. We therefore evaluated the clinical features, prognosis,...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.01.001
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphetamine-derived medications are being prescribed with increasing frequency to younger pediatric patients to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Although choreiform movements were reported in adults with amphetamine abuse and in those under therapeutic treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disor...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.05.013
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic T-cell lymphoma presenting with neurologic symptoms is infrequently reported in immunocompetent children. We investigated the presenting features in all 20 immunocompetent children diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma at our institution from 1992-2004. Four children presented with neurologic features. These finding...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.05.005
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain structure of 14 infants born with congenital myotonic dystrophy at 2 hospitals was evaluated by cranial ultrasonography, and the findings were correlated with clinical and neuropathologic data. Ventricular dilation was diagnosed in 11 infants (78%). Seven infants died during the neonatal period; all had vent...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(91)90102-q
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital hypotonia with favorable outcome is characterized by an early neonatal onset and a benign clinical course. The old term, proposed by Walton, was benign congenital hypotonia, denoting the presence of muscle weakness and hypotonia, with the exception of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease. It has been clear that this te...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00379-x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe eight cases of pediatric patients whose neuroimages performed after seizures revealed abnormalities that were compatible with edema surrounding calcified lesions and which disappeared in subsequent examinations. ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(01)00324-1
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four children with self-inflicted strangulation injuries had cerebral blood flow determined by stable xenon computed tomography (XeCTCBF) within 24 hours of admission. All had suffered a severe hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury; 3 initially had fixed pupils, all were apneic with varying bradyarrhythmias, and the initia...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(91)90068-v
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 4-year-old male developed encephalitis 2 weeks after the onset of varicella. During his evaluation neuroradiologic procedures documented cerebellar edema and demyelination. Cerebrospinal fluid titers confirmed varicella encephalitis. To our knowledge, this patient is the first reported with focal cerebellar edema, a...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(88)90054-9
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A morphometric magnetic resonance imaging study was performed, and the results were compared among three groups (group 1, periventricular leukomalacia patients with West syndrome; group 2, periventricular leukomalacia patients without West syndrome; and group 3, control patients) to clarify the characteristics and cau...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(98)00081-2
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Triple A" syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive condition whose main clinical features are alacrima, achalasia, and adrenal failure. Most patients also develop some neurologic abnormalities. We describe an 11-year-old boy with triple A syndrome who presented with progressive axonal motor neuropathy. Molecular analy...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2011.07.003
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms of death and neurologic sequelae in African children with cerebral malaria are undetermined. Because pathologic features are confined to the cerebral vasculature, perturbations in cerebral hemodynamics may be responsible. We compared the transcranial Doppler findings in 50 children with cerebral malaria...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(96)00115-4
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain plasticity refers to its ability to recover after damage. Visual field plasticity is not well recognized. We report a 12-year-old female who first presented with recurrent seizures and was subsequently found to have a large, right occipital cortical dysplasia on magnetic resonance imaging. Her visual field by Go...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(00)00171-5
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nestin is a cytoskeletal protein expressed by neural stem cells, and by immature neurons and glial cells. In an effort to explore the potential of the infant brain for repair and plasticity, we immunohistochemically studied nestin expression in the human cerebral cortex of control subjects and of patients with periven...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.12.007
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute dyskinetic or dystonic reactions are a long-recognized complication of medications that alter dopamine signaling. Most reactions occur following exposure to agents that block dopamine receptors (e.g., neuroleptics). However, agents that increase dopaminergic transmission (such as methylphenidate) can a...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.01.008
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pediatric neurologist can fulfill a useful role as a subspecialty consultant concerning the fetus with a suspected brain disorder, given that neurologic disease may occur before the intrapartum period. Brain disorders detected in the neonatal period may also reflect fetal brain damage before dysfunction is first d...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(03)00234-0
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to further clarify ictal electroencephalographic findings of patients with benign partial epilepsy in infancy in order to better understand its neurophysiologic features. The study group consisted of 13 infants with definite benign partial epilepsy in infancy, in whom ictal electroencephalogra...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.08.004
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with angiodysgenetic necrotizing encephalopathy or diffuse meningocerebral angiomatosis complicated by intraventricular hemorrhage, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, and signs of heart failure is reported. The hydrocephalus and cardiomegaly were diagnosed by fetal ultrasonography. Based on these pathologic find...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(96)00004-5
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy exhibited a phenotype of neurofibromatosis 1. He had large and multiple café-au-lait spots, and had elevated serum levels of very long chain fatty acids. The patient's mother and elder sister also had X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. This case represents novel manifestations ...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.03.015
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of leukomalacia and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive glial cells in prenatal- and postnatal-onset leukomalacia were compared and diagnosed histologically in 128 autopsied infants and the different pathogeneses were examined. Prenatal-onset leukomalacia was diagnosed in 12 of 71 still-bi...
journal_title:Pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0887-8994(93)90009-2
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00