Chemical reactivity, cytotoxicity, and mutagenicity of chloropropanones.

abstract：:Biphasic dose-response relationship induced by environmental agents is often characterized with the effect of low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. Some studies showed that arsenite may induce cell proliferation and apoptosis via biphasic dose-response relationship in human cells; however, mechanisms underlyi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： He XQ,Chen R,Yang P,Li AP,Zhou JW,Liu QZ

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism underlying glaucoma remains controversial, but apoptosis caused by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. We investigated the effects of compounds isolated from Psoralea corylifolia on oxidative stress-induced cell death in vitro and in vivo. Tran...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim KA,Shim SH,Ahn HR,Jung SH

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of chemicals cause a nephrotoxic syndrome in male rats, referred to as protein droplet or alpha 2u-globulin (alpha 2u) nephropathy. To evaluate the potential human risk for developing a similar chemically-induced protein-mediated nephrotoxic response, the low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LMWPF) was isol...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Borghoff SJ,Lagarde WH

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Celecoxib, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, is being investigated for enhancement of chemotherapy efficacy in cancer clinical trials. This study investigates the ability of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors to sensitize cells from different origins to several chemotherapeutic agents. The effect of the drug's mechanism of a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： El-Awady RA,Saleh EM,Ezz M,Elsayed AM

更新日期：2011-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene is a potent bone marrow toxicant. While all blood cell types are targets for benzene poisoning, lymphocytes are particularly sensitive. The immunotoxic consequences of benzene or its metabolites have been demonstrated in a number of in vitro studies; however, little data exist regarding the effects of benzene ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Rosenthal GJ,Snyder CA

更新日期：1985-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have shown an association between elevated levels of particulate matter air pollution and increased morbidity and hospital visits in asthmatics. Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is a primary combustion particle containing sulfate and metals such as vanadium, nickel, and iron. In this study the effec...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lambert AL,Dong W,Winsett DW,Selgrade MK,Gilmour MI

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoflurane is known to increase β-amyloid aggregation and neuronal damage. We hypothesized that isoflurane will have similar effects on the polyglutamine huntingtin protein and will cause alterations in intracellular calcium homeostasis. We tested this hypothesis in striatal cells from the expanded glutamine huntingti...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wang Q,Liang G,Yang H,Wang S,Eckenhoff MF,Wei H

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is well known for its immunotoxic effects particularly on the thymus. The exact mechanism by which TCDD induces thymic atrophy is not clear. In the current study, we investigated whether TCDD triggers apoptosis in thymocytes, when administered in vivo, by using the TdT-mediat...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kamath AB,Xu H,Nagarkatti PS,Nagarkatti M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) administration (600 mg/kg, po) results in proximal tubular necrosis in 18-hr fasted, 3-month-old male CD-1 mice. This study was undertaken to determine if deacetylation of APAP to p-aminophenol (PAP) is a prerequisite to nephrotoxicity in the mouse, as it is in the Fischer rat. Administration of e...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Emeigh Hart SG,Beierschmitt WP,Bartolone JB,Wyand DS,Khairallah EA,Cohen SD

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anoikis is defined as apoptosis, which is induced by inappropriate cell-matrix interactions. Cancer cells with anoikis resistance tend to undergo metastasis, and this phenomenon has been reported to be associated with integrin and FAK activity. HPW-RX40 is a derivative of 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene, which is kn...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chen IH,Shih HC,Hsieh PW,Chang FR,Wu YC,Wu CC

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gap junctional intercellular communication appears to be important in the regulation of cellular homeostasis, differentiated cell functions, and growth control in adult tissues. Interruption of intercellular communication by chemical compounds has been shown to be a sublethal response to a number of tumor promoters. T...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Klaunig JE,Ruch RJ,Weghorst CM

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylglyoxal is found in high levels in the blood and other tissues of diabetic patients and exerts deleterious effects on cells and tissues. Previously, we reported that resveratrol, a polyphenol in grapes, induced the expression of Sestrin2 (SESN2), a novel antioxidant protein, and inhibited hepatic lipogenesis. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Seo K,Seo S,Han JY,Ki SH,Shin SM

更新日期：2014-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:An underlying basis of risk assessment is that an equivalent risk for a specified dose metric exists that allows for extrapolation of dose-response relationships between species. To better understand the use of area under the curve (AUC) as a dose metric for complex biological responses following 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim AH,Kohn MC,Nyska A,Walker NJ

更新日期：2003-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of T2-toxin on DNA and protein synthesis was investigated, both in vivo and in vitro. For mice which had been submitted to different treatment schedules (single dose, 3-, or 7-day treatment), the rate of DNA and protein biosynthesis was measured in thymus, bone marrow, liver, and spleen cells. T2-toxin inhi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Rosenstein Y,Lafarge-Frayssinet C

更新日期：1983-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with demonstrated potency as a chemopreventive agent in animal models of carcinogenesis and in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Because tumor promotion is generally associated with exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli, it is likely that anti-inflammatory a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Athar M,An KP,Tang X,Morel KD,Kim AL,Kopelovich L,Bickers DR

更新日期：2004-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachloroazobenzene (TCAB) was evaluated in 13-week gavage studies in male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. In addition to histopathology, evaluations included clinical chemistry, hematology, thyroid hormone analyses, and reproductive parameters. Groups of 10 rats and 10 mice of each...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： van Birgelen AP,Hébert CD,Wenk ML,Grimes LK,Chapin RE,Mahler J,Travlos GS,Bucher JR

更新日期：1999-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chloroform is a nongenotoxic-cytotoxic liver and kidney carcinogen and nasal toxicant in some strains and sexes of rodents. Substantial evidence indicates that tumor induction is secondary to events associated with cytolethality and regenerative cell proliferation. Therefore, pathways leading to toxicity, such as meta...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Constan AA,Sprankle CS,Peters JM,Kedderis GL,Everitt JI,Wong BA,Gonzalez FL,Butterworth BE

更新日期：1999-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclosporin (Cs), a cyclic nonpolar undecapeptide of fungal origin, has potent immunosuppressive and antiparasitic activities, and renal and hepatic toxicities, the mechanisms of which are not worked out. Many nephrotoxins and hepatotoxins are predictably more or less harmful, depending upon the circadian stage at whi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Magnus G,Cavallini M,Halberg F,Cornelissen G,Sutherland DE,Najarian JA,Hrushesky WJ

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunosuppressive effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on immune responses in rodents, both in vivo and in vitro, have been widely documented. However, few studies have addressed the immunotoxicity of PAHs in the human system. In this report, we examined the toxic effects of nine different PAHs on hu...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Davila DR,Romero DL,Burchiel SW

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are conflicting reports in the literature regarding the role of the Ah locus in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) immunotoxicity. The present studies have utilized two congenic strains of C57Bl/6 mice that differ only at this locus to assess its influence on TCDD-induced suppression of antibody response...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kerkvliet NI,Steppan LB,Brauner JA,Deyo JA,Henderson MC,Tomar RS,Buhler DR

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Azaspiranes are cationic amphiphilic compounds that are active in a number of models of autoimmune disease and transplantation. Repeated administration of cationic amphiphiles induces phospholipid accumulation in a variety of species. The present study was conducted to explore the mechanism of phospholipid accumulatio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Handler JA,Badger A,Genell CA,Klinkner AM,Kassis S,Waites CR,Bugelski PJ

更新日期：1999-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolism of BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) is requisite for its pneumotoxic activities. Previous evidence using microsomal preparations from livers and lungs of mice indicated that cytochrome P450-catalyzed hydroxylation of a tertbutyl group to form 6-tert-butyl-2-(hydroxy-tert-butyl)-4-methylphenol (BHTOH) ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bolton JL,Thompson JA,Allentoff AJ,Miley FB,Malkinson AM

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triaryl phosphates including tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl phosphate (BTP) are organophosphates used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Rat steroidogenic tissues such as adrenocortical (AC), ovarian interstitial (OI), and Leydig cells use an intracellular p...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Latendresse JR,Azhar S,Brooks CL,Capen CC

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case study was conducted, using dibutyl phthalate (DBP), to explore an approach to using toxicogenomic data in risk assessment. The toxicity and toxicogenomic data sets relative to DBP-related male reproductive developmental outcomes were considered conjointly to derive information about mode and mechanism of action...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Makris SL,Euling SY,Gray LE Jr,Benson R,Foster P

更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, the FDA approved the medical use of oral pyridostigmine as prophylactic treatment of possible nerve agent exposure: the concept is to block the cholinesterase transitorily using the carbamate (pyridostigmine) in order to deny access to the active site of the enzyme to the irreversible inhibitor (nerve agent)...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Petroianu GA,Hasan MY,Nurulain SM,Arafat K,Sheen R,Nagelkerke N

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The benzofurane derivative benzbromarone (BBR) previously has led to liver tumor formation after long-term treatment of rats, but no indications of genotoxicity were detected. The present studies were designed to elucidate the mechanism(s) possibly involved in liver tumor formation by BBR. Female Wistar rats were used...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Parzefall W,Schuppler J,Barthel G,Meyer-Rogge B,Schulte-Hermann R

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:H-ras oncogenes have been identified in greater than 50% of the most common forms of human neoplasia. Ras-related proteins have been postulated to mediated signal transduction pathways involving mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and nuclear responses that may be involved in the induction of apoptosis. We examine...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Davis MA,Chang SH,Trump BF

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver fibrosis results from chronic tissue damage and excessive regeneration with accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins; it is a precursor of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver fibrosis treatments are primarily directed at inflammation, with few options to combat fibrogenesis. Pirfenidone is a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Seniutkin O,Furuya S,Luo YS,Cichocki JA,Fukushima H,Kato Y,Sugimoto H,Matsumoto T,Uehara T,Rusyn I

更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult BALB/c mice, which are sensitive to hyperoxia (LT50 = 4.5 days 100% O2), were made tolerant to 100% O2 after treatment with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Following a single ip dose of 400 mg/kg, mice survived longer periods in O2 when exposed to O2 at 7, 14, and 21, but not 2 days, following BHT injection. The...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Margaretten N,Tryka AF,Witschi H

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present investigation was undertaken to study if curcumin, which is recognized for its potential as an antineoplastic and immunopotentiating agent, can also influence the process of myelopoiesis in a tumor-bearing host. Administration of curcumin to tumor-bearing host augmented count of bone marrow cell (BMC) acco...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Vishvakarma NK,Kumar A,Kumar A,Kant S,Bharti AC,Singh SM

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00