Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a ubiquitous tick responsible for transmitting Ehrlichia canis and most likely Anaplasma platys to dogs, as either single or co-infections. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of either simultaneous or sequential experimental infections with E. canis and A. platys on hematological and serological parameters, duration of infection, and efficacy of doxycycline therapy in dogs infected with one or both organisms. Six dogs per group were either uninfected, A. platys infected, E. canis infected, A. platys and E. canis co-infected, A. platys infected and E. canis challenged or E. canis infected and A. platys challenged at day 112 post-infection (PI). Doxycycline treatment was initiated at 211 days PI, followed by dexamethasone immunosuppression beginning 410 days PI. RESULTS:Initially, transient decreases in hematocrit occurred in all groups infected with E. canis, but the mean hematocrit was significantly lower in the A. platys and E. canis co-infected group. All dogs except the controls developed marked thrombocytopenia after initial infection followed by gradually increased platelet counts by 112 days PI in groups with the single infections, while platelet counts remained significantly lower in the A. platys and E. canis co-infected group. Both sequential and simultaneous infections of A. platys and E. canis produced an enhanced humoral immune response to A. platys when compared to infection with A. platys alone. Likewise, co-infection with E. canis and A. platys resulted in a more persistent A. platys infection compared to dogs infected with A. platys only, but nearly all A. platys infected dogs became A. platys PCR negative prior to doxycycline treatment. E. canis infected dogs, whether single or co-infected, remained thrombocytopenic and E. canis PCR positive in blood for 420 days. When treated with doxycycline, all E. canis infected dogs became E. canis PCR negative and the thrombocytopenia resolved. Despite immunosuppression, neither A. platys nor E. canis DNA was PCR amplified from doxycycline-treated dogs. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study demonstrate that simultaneous or sequential infection with A. platys and E. canis can alter various pathophysiological parameters in experimentally infected dogs, and because natural exposure to multiple tick-borne pathogens occurs frequently in dogs, awareness of co-infection is important in clinical practice.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Gaunt S,Beall M,Stillman B,Lorentzen L,Diniz P,Chandrashekar R,Breitschwerdt Edoi
10.1186/1756-3305-3-33subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-08 00:00:00pages
33issue
1issn
1756-3305pii
1756-3305-3-33journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens are transmitted by bloodsucking culicid mosquitoes belonging to Culex, Aedes, Ochlerotatus, Anopheles and Mansonia genera. The detection of filarioids in mosquitoes for assessing distribution of vectors and/or of pathogens in a given area (also known as "xenomonitor...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-76
更新日期:2012-04-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many tick species have great morphological similarity and are thus grouped into species complexes. Molecular methods are therefore useful in the classification and identification of ticks. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of hard ticks in China, especially at the subspecies level. Tengcho...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3048-5
更新日期:2018-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The survival of adult female Aedes mosquitoes is a critical component of their ability to transmit pathogens such as dengue viruses. One of the principal determinants of Aedes survival is temperature, which has been associated with seasonal changes in Aedes populations and limits their geographical distribut...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-351
更新日期:2013-12-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sandfly-borne phleboviruses are present in North Africa where they can infect humans in regions where Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in the Western Mediterranean basin is present affecting both humans and dogs. We investigated the capacity of dogs to be used as se...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0476-8
更新日期:2014-10-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hemotropic mycoplasmas are epicellular erythrocytic bacteria that can cause infectious anemia in some mammalian species. Worldwide, hemotropic mycoplasmas are emerging or re-emerging zoonotic pathogens potentially causing serious and significant health problems in wildlife. The objective of this study was to...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-117
更新日期:2014-03-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Publications are often used as a measure of success of research work. Leishmaniasis is considered endemic in 98 countries, most of which are developing. This article describes a bibliometric review of the literature on leishmaniasis research indexed in PubMed during a 66-year period. METHODS:Medline was use...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-55
更新日期:2013-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study evaluated the exposure of dogs to three different Ehrlichia spp. in the south and central regions of the United States where vector-borne disease prevalence has been previously difficult to ascertain, particularly beyond the metropolitan areas. METHODS:Dog blood samples (n = 8,662) were submitted...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-29
更新日期:2012-02-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis japonica remains a major public health problem in China. Integrating molecular analyses, such as population genetic analyses, of the parasite into the on-going surveillance programs is helpful in exploring the factors causing the persistence and/or spread of Schistosoma japonicum. However, ge...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1074-0
更新日期:2015-09-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human and animal fascioliasis poses serious public health problems in South America. In Venezuela, livestock infection represents an important veterinary problem whereas there appear to be few human cases reported, most of which are passively detected in health centres. However, results of recent surveys sug...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-200
更新日期:2011-10-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tannin-rich plants have been examined as an alternative for controlling the gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. In vivo assays typically examine the anthelmintic activity in female fecundity and/or the adult worm burden, without considering other life-cycle stages or the impact on pasture contamination....
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1370-3
更新日期:2016-02-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intestinal schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni was mapped in Cameroon in the 1990s and preventive chemotherapy launched since 2005. A situation analysis conducted in 2011 revealed an increase in schistosomiasis transmission, especially in the equatorial part of the country, despite the fact that Biomp...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2763-2
更新日期:2018-03-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Annual community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) have been carried out since 1999 in the Lekie division (central region of Cameroon where most cases of Loa-related post ivermectin severe adverse events were reported) as part of the joined activities of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Contr...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-283
更新日期:2013-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The knowledge of mosquito species diversity and the level of anthropophily exhibited by each species in a region are of great importance to the integrated vector control. Culicine species are the primary vectors of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus and filariasis in China. Anopheles sinensis plays a major rol...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-221
更新日期:2011-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rats (Rattus spp.) invaded most of the world as stowaways including some that carried the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the cause of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans and other warm-blooded animals. A high genetic diversity of A. cantonensis based on short mitochondrial DNA regions is r...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3491-y
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nematodirus battus, unlike most other gastrointestinal nematodes, undergoes maturation to an infective larva within the egg. Historically, eggs were considered to require a period of chilling over winter followed by a period of temperature above 10 °C for synchronous hatching to occur (generally in spring). ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04368-9
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tick-borne diseases pose a major threat in public health. The epidemiological dynamics of these diseases depends on the tick vector species and their hosts, as well as the geographical distribution and ecology of both. Among many possible hosts for ticks, small mammals have a major role in the development of...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2791-y
更新日期:2018-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Malaria mosquitoes spend a considerable part of their life in the aquatic stage, rendering them vulnerable to interventions directed to aquatic habitats. Recent successes of mosquito larval control have been reported using environmental and biological tools. Here, we report the effects of shading by plants a...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-130
更新日期:2011-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In many parts of Africa as in Benin, the main strategies of vector control are based on the scaling-up of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). The need to understand the biological implications of IRS in large scale and full coverage of LLITNs is paramount. It is...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-262
更新日期:2012-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis) is a blood-feeding ectoparasitic insect and particular nuisance pest of companion animals worldwide. Identification of genes that are differentially expressed in response to feeding is important for understanding flea biology and discovering targets for their control. ME...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0972-5
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Taenia solium is an important zoonotic parasite that infects humans as definitive host (taeniasis) and pigs as intermediate host (cysticercosis). Serological diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis is limited to antigen detection using ELISA, which is known to cross-react with other Taenia species, and antibody d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3279-5
更新日期:2019-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) are a group of blood-feeding ectoparasites. They mainly specialize on bats and birds, but a few species are important human pests. They exhibit several unique adaptations for their parasitic lifestyle. Among those, bed bug aggregations represent a striking example of a sub-s...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3659-5
更新日期:2019-08-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neorickettsia are a group of intracellular α proteobacteria transmitted by digeneans (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda). These endobacteria can also infect vertebrate hosts of the helminths and cause serious diseases in animals and humans. Neorickettsia have been isolated from infected animals and maintained in ce...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2123-7
更新日期:2017-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::This review explores some of the reasons why food webs seem to contain relatively few parasite species when compared to the full diversity of free living species in the system. At present, there are few coherent food web theories to guide scientific studies on parasites, and this review posits that the methods, direct...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-239
更新日期:2012-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The level of anthelmintic resistance within some cyathostomin parasite populations has increased to the level where sole reliance on anthelmintic-based control protocols is not possible. Management-based nematode control methods, including removal of faeces from pasture, are widely recommended for use in ass...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-48
更新日期:2014-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Toxoplasma gondii is prevalent in most areas of the world and may cause abortions or neonatal complications in humans. As the only definitive host, cats play an important role in the epidemiology of the disease. Infection rates in cats, especially stray or free-living cats, are considered to be the best sent...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-190
更新日期:2012-09-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pig keeping is becoming increasingly common across sub-Saharan Africa. Domestic pigs from the Arusha region of northern Tanzania were screened for trypanosomes using PCR-based methods to examine the role of pigs as a reservoir of human and animal trypanosomiasis. METHODS:A total of 168 blood samples were ob...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-322
更新日期:2013-11-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lipoproteins are the major agonists of Wolbachia-dependent inflammatory pathogenesis in filariasis and a validated target for drug discovery. Here we characterise the abundance, localisation and serology of the Wolbachia lipoproteins: Wolbachia peptidoglycan associated lipoprotein and the Type IV Secretion S...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0462-1
更新日期:2014-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The G subfamily of ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters of Leishmania include 6 genes (ABCG1-G6), some with relevant biological functions associated with drug resistance and phospholipid transport. Several studies have shown that Leishmania LABCG2 transporter plays a role in the exposure of phosphatidylse...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2198-1
更新日期:2017-05-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because agriculture and offshore oil extraction are significant economic activities in the southern Gulf of Mexico, high concentrations of nutrients and hydrocarbons are expected. As parasite communities are sensitive to environmental impacts, these contaminants should have an effect on metrics such as speci...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0541-3
更新日期:2014-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:One of the major issues concerning disease ecology and conservation is knowledge of the factors that influence the distribution of parasites and consequently disease outbreaks. This study aimed to investigate avian haemosporidian composition and the distribution of these parasites in three altitudinally sepa...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-139
更新日期:2013-05-07 00:00:00