Health care of poverty and nonpoverty children in Iowa.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Syphilis in the United States is focally distributed, with high incidence rates in the South and in metropolitan areas nationwide. In this study an ecological analysis, using the county as the unit of analysis, was performed to generate hypotheses about community-level determinants of syphilis rates. METHOD...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Kilmarx PH,Zaidi AA,Thomas JC,Nakashima AK,St Louis ME,Flock ML,Peterman TA

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of a brief educational and purchase program concerning home fires and smoke detectors by two pediatricians were compared to "routine" counseling without such a program using two groups each of 120 patients of well children. Inspection performed four to six weeks after the office visits showed that of 55 experi...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Miller RE,Reisinger KS,Blatter MM,Wucher F

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We evaluated a low-cost strategy for schools to improve the convenience and appeal of drinking water. METHODS:We conducted a group-randomized, controlled trial in 10 Boston, Massachusetts, schools in April through June 2013 to test a cafeteria-based intervention. Signage promoting water and disposable cups ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Kenney EL,Gortmaker SL,Carter JE,Howe MC,Reiner JF,Cradock AL

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:In this article the author describes public health advocacy and proposes a conceptual framework for understanding how it works. METHODS:The proposed framework incorporates the image of an assembly line. The public health advocacy assembly line produces changes in societal resource allocation that are necess...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Christoffel KK

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the factors influencing delay in seeking abortion and the outcomes for women denied abortion care because of gestational age limits at abortion facilities. METHODS:We compared women who presented for abortion care who were under the facilities' gestational age limits and received an abortion (n ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Upadhyay UD,Weitz TA,Jones RK,Barar RE,Foster DG

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study determined factors associated with drug resistance among 3496 patients with tuberculosis who resided in Texas counties along the Mexican border. METHODS:Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with drug resistance. RESULTS:Among patients wit...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Taylor JP,Suarez L

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Public health, like politics, is the art of the possible. To maximize effectiveness, public health officers in any jurisdiction should (1) get good data and ensure timely and effective dissemination; (2) prioritize and tackle more difficult initiatives first; (3) find, fight, and win winnable battles in areas where pr...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Frieden TR

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined whether social processes of neighborhoods, such as collective efficacy, during individual's adolescent years affect the likelihood of being involved in physical dating violence during young adulthood. METHODS:Using longitudinal data on 633 urban youths aged 13 to 19 years at baseline and data fr...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Jain S,Buka SL,Subramanian SV,Molnar BE

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pair...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Boardman JD

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We systematically identified and evaluated the quality and comprehensiveness of online information related to weight loss that users were likely to access. METHODS:We evaluated the content quality, accessibility of the information, and author credentials for Web sites in 2012 that were identified from weigh...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Modave F,Shokar NK,Peñaranda E,Nguyen N

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA), enacted in 2005, grants the firearm industry broad immunity from liability. The PLCAA not only prevents most people from receiving compensation for their firearm-related injuries, it erodes litigation's ability to serve its public health role of providing manufact...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Vernick JS,Rutkow L,Salmon DA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to describe the characteristics and sleep circumstances of infants who die suddenly and unexpectedly and to examine similarities and differences in risk factors among infants whose deaths are classified as resulting from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), suffocation, or undetermined causes. MET...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Schnitzer PG,Covington TM,Dykstra HK

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using data from the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfiles (1963-80) and the GINI index of resource concentration as a global measure of changes in the pattern of locational choice, the expectation of a more uniform distribution of physicians is shown to have been met for all major categories of physicia...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： McConnel CE,Tobias LA

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:After conducting a media campaign focusing on the importance of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) examinations, we assessed mechanisms of behavior change among individuals receiving an OPC examination for the first time. METHODS:We used data from 2 waves of telephone surveys of individuals residing in 36 rur...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Logan HL,Guo Y,Emanuel AS,Shepperd JA,Dodd VJ,Marks JG,Muller KE,Riley JL 3rd

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study investigated douching and reduced fertility. METHODS:The monthly probability of conception for douchers and nondouchers was compared in a sample of 840 married, parous women in King County, Washington. Data on the number of months required to conceive were analyzed. RESULTS:In comparison with no...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Baird DD,Weinberg CR,Voigt LF,Daling JR

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent recommendations for Americans aged 2 and older call for a reduction in the average saturated fat intake to less than 10% of calories. METHODS:Using 24-hour dietary recalls collected from mothers of 4- to 7-year-old urban Latino children, we identified foods and dietary behavior patterns that distingu...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Basch CE,Shea S,Zybert P

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mail survey of 1,650 elderly consumers evaluated prescription drug leaflets for antihypertensives, tranquilizers, and arthritis medicines. Of those who said they received the leaflet, 95 per cent read it, 76 per cent kept it, and 56 per cent discussed it with another person. Respondents taking antihypertensive medic...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Morris LA,Olins NJ

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We tested a structural model of relations among self-reported childhood maltreatment, alcohol and other drug abuse and dependence symptoms, and sexual risk behavior in a sample of adolescents receiving outpatient treatment of substance use problems. METHODS:Structured interviews were administered to an ethn...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Oshri A,Tubman JG,Burnette ML

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal mortality remains one of the most daunting public health problems in resource-poor settings, and reductions in maternal mortality have been identified as a prominent component of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. The World Health Organization estimates that 515000 women die each year from pregn...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Mavalankar DV,Rosenfield A

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologists have expressed concern about constraints upon the conduct of epidemiological research imposed by Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), attorneys, and both institutional and individual health services providers. The epidemiologists assert that these constraints, not necessarily required by law or sound po...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hershey N

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper offers suggestions to adi the selection of appropriate instruments and data gathering methods for studies that require measures of personal health status applicable in general populations. Before selecting measures, the reason for studying health status must be identified. Next, definitional issues arise wh...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Ware JE Jr,Brook RH,Davies AR,Lohr KN

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study reports on Canadian mammography rates between 1990, when mass screening programs were launched, and 1994/95. METHODS:Mammography rates from 2 national surveys were compared according to the presence of a provincial screening program. RESULTS:Mammography rates among women aged 50 to 69 years (the...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： De Grasse CE,O'Connor AM,Boulet J,Edwards N,Bryant H,Breithaupt K

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The unusual resistance of the "unconventional viruses" to inactivation by the commonly used disinfectants has led to a high degree of apprehension regarding patients with any form of dementia. The rapid adaptation of a newly acquired isolate of the agent of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) to mice made possible this la...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Walker AS,Inderlied CB,Kingsbury DT

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of the emergency medical services system in the United States accelerated rapidly between 1960 and 1973 as a result of a number of medical, historical, and social forces. Current emergency medical services researchers, policy advocates, and administrators must acknowledge these forces and their limitatio...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Shah MN

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine whether breast-feeding has a dose-related protective effect against illness and whether it confers special health benefits to poor infants. METHODS:The association between breast-feeding dose and illnesses in the first 6 months of life was analyzed with generalized...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Raisler J,Alexander C,O'Campo P

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The female condom is the only other barrier contraception method besides the male condom, and it is the only "woman-initiated" device for prevention of sexually transmitted infections. Although studies demonstrate high acceptability and effectiveness for this device, overall use in the United States remains low. The f...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Witte SS,Stefano K,Hawkins C

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined whether Medicaid beneficiaries are more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage cervical cancer than women not enrolled in Medicaid. METHODS:Using the California Cancer Registry-Medicaid linked file, we identified 4682 women diagnosed during 1996-1999 with invasive cervical cancer. Multivariate l...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： O'Malley CD,Shema SJ,Clarke LS,Clarke CA,Perkins CI

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:How do health care professionals assess the care of hospital patients near the end of life? Are physicians and nurses aware of and in agreement with national recommendations regarding patients' rights to forgo life-sustaining medical treatments and to receive adequate pain control? METHODS:We surveyed 687 p...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Solomon MZ,O'Donnell L,Jennings B,Guilfoy V,Wolf SM,Nolan K,Jackson R,Koch-Weser D,Donnelley S

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine whether syringe exchange programs (SEPs) currently receive or anticipate pursuing federal funding and barriers to funding applications following the recent removal of the long-standing ban on using federal funds for SEPs. METHODS:We conducted a telephone-administered cross-sectional su...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Green TC,Martin EG,Bowman SE,Mann MR,Beletsky L

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the marketing strategies for local vapor stores in a large metropolitan area in Oklahoma. METHODS:Vapor store owners or managers (n = 33) participated in individual interviews regarding marketing practices in 2014. We asked owners about their marketing strategies and the groups they targeted. We...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Cheney M,Gowin M,Wann TF

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00