Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This work reviews recent research regarding treatment of fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. The phenotype includes anxiety linked to sensory hyperarousal, hyperactivity, and attentional problems consistent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and social deficits leading to autism spectrum disorder in 60% of boys and 25% of girls with FXS. RECENT FINDINGS:Multiple targeted treatments for FXS have rescued the phenotype of the fmr1 knockout mouse, but few have been beneficial to patients with FXS. The failure of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonists falls on the heels of the failure of Arbaclofen's efficacy in children and adults with autism or FXS. In contrast, efficacy has been demonstrated in a controlled trial of minocycline in children with FXS. Minocycline lowers the abnormally elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in FXS. Acamprosate and lovastatin have been beneficial in open-label trials in FXS. The first 5 years of life may be the most efficacious time for intervention when combined with behavioral and/or educational interventions. SUMMARY:Minocycline, acamprosate, lovastatin, and sertraline are treatments that can be currently prescribed and have shown benefit in children with FXS. Use of combined medical and behavioral interventions will likely be most efficacious for the treatment of FXS.
journal_name
Curr Opin Psychiatryjournal_title
Current opinion in psychiatryauthors
Hagerman RJ,Polussa Jdoi
10.1097/YCO.0000000000000131subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-03-01 00:00:00pages
107-12issue
2eissn
0951-7367issn
1473-6578journal_volume
28pub_type
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journal_title:Current opinion in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current opinion in psychiatry
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journal_title:Current opinion in psychiatry
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