Better sorry than safe: Making a Plan B reduces effectiveness of implementation intentions in healthy eating goals.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Implementation intentions (if-then plans) are helpful to health behaviour change. As these plans specify only one goal-directed behaviour for one specific situation, however, their effectiveness may be limited when a planned behaviour is impossible to execute in situ. The present research examines whether and how planning more than one goal-directed response for the same situation ('making a Plan B') affects successful self-regulation of eating behaviour. DESIGN AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:In Study 1, participants formulated either one or two plans, after which a lexical decision task was administered to assess association strength between the if-part and the then-part(s). In Study 2, the effect of making one, two or no plan(s) was assessed on actual eating behaviour, after which a Stroop task measured cognitive load as an additional explanatory mechanism. RESULTS:Study 1 revealed that making a Plan B disrupts the creation of strong if-then associations during plan formation. Study 2 showed that making a Plan B yields increased unhealthy food intake compared to making one or no plan, and induces greater cognitive load during plan enactment. CONCLUSION:Making a Plan B interferes with essential cognitive processes during different stages of planning, leading to an increased likelihood of self-regulatory failure.

journal_name

Psychol Health

journal_title

Psychology & health

authors

Vinkers CD,Adriaanse MA,Kroese FM,de Ridder DT

doi

10.1080/08870446.2014.997730

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-01-01 00:00:00

pages

821-38

issue

7

eissn

0887-0446

issn

1476-8321

journal_volume

30

pub_type

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