Abstract：
:The mean renal tubular diameters, number of tubules per unit of cross-sectional area, and fraction of the total volume occupied by each medullary structure were determined at various levels of the renal medulla of the rat and rabbit. Statistical estimates of anatomic variables were made using spatial sampling techniques on histologic sections. Osmotic diuresis and renal venous occlusion were used to allow fixation of renal tubules and blood vessels in an open state. The distribution of volume fractions of medullary structures are similar in rats and rabbits. Diameters of outer medullary tubular segments and inner medullary thin limbs of Henle are also similar in rats and rabbits. Marked differences between rats and rabbits, however, are seen in the size and number of collecting ducts in the inner medulla. Rabbit inner medullary collecting ducts increase in diameter and decrease in number in the papillary direction relatively closer to the cortex than do those of the rat. Luminal diameters of papillary collecting ducts are more than twice as great in the rabbit as in the rat. An additional finding was that short loops of Henle in the rabbit have their bends relatively closer to the cortex than those of the rat. The quantitative anatomic data derived in this study, when combined through mathematical modeling with knowledge of transport properties of renal tubular membranes, should lead to a clearer understanding of renal function.
journal_name
Kidney Intjournal_title
Kidney internationalauthors
Knepper MA,Danielson RA,Saidel GM,Post RSdoi
10.1038/ki.1977.118subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-11-01 00:00:00pages
313-23issue
5eissn
0085-2538issn
1523-1755pii
S0085-2538(15)31810-Xjournal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-OHSD) is thought to be a protective enzyme of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). We have previously demonstrated (Bonvalet et al, J Clin Invest 86:832-837, 1990) that 11 beta-OHSD is colocalized with MR along the rabbit nephron. In the present study, we examin...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1992.260
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The impacts of IgA nephropathy and pregnancy on each other were evaluated in 118 women who conceived 168 times between 1970 and 1988. Rates of spontaneous abortion, normal delivery, live birth and perinatal death were 9, 66, 87 and 4%, respectively. Infants born to women with glomerular filtration rates (GFR) lower th...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1991.320
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances have led to a greater appreciation of how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to diverse acute and chronic pathologies. Indeed, mitochondria have received increasing attention as a therapeutic target in a variety of diseases because they serve as key regulatory hubs uniquely situated at crossroads be...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2017.05.034
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substrate oxidation was assessed by measuring 14CO2 production from 14C-labeled substrates in proximal convoluted tubules (PCT), medullary (MTAL), and cortical (CTAL) thick ascending limb of Henle, nephron segments rich in mitochondria and characterized by active solute transport. PCT, MTAL, and CTAL were dissected fr...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1981.100
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine plays an important role in regulation of renal sodium transport. Proximal tubule cells produce dopamine after decarboxylation of L-DOPA via the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). The presence and cellular localization of AADC-like immunoreactivity (-LI) and AADC mRNA were examined during pre- ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1992.326
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether acute renal failure (ARF) increases the long-term risk of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), we studied the outcome of patients whose initial kidney function was normal or near normal but who had an episode of dialysis-requiring ARF and did not develop end-stage renal disease within 30 days...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2009.289
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adenosine is known to be a potent inhibitor of renin release from the kidneys. The aim of this study was to investigate the transmembrane signalling avenue that the second messenger of adenosine causes inhibition of renal renin release. Using short term cultures of juxtaglomerular cells isolated from rat kidneys, we f...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1988.70
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study evaluated the effects of dietary sodium manipulation in dogs on the regulation of canine angiotensin receptors (cAT1 and cAT2) in the kidney and adrenal. METHODS:Isolated glomeruli and membranes from renal medulla and the adrenal gland were used in radioligand binding assays from two groups of do...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590051881.x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and mortality in hemodialysis patients has remained controversial. Some studies suggested that a lower pre- or postdialysis BP was associated with excess mortality, while others showed poorer outcome in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. We conducted a multi...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00812.x
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that acts as a major regulator of food intake and energy homeostasis. It circulates both as a free and as a protein-bound entity. Leptin is released into the blood in proportion to the amount of body fat and exerts sustained inhibitory effects on food intake while increasing ener...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5000182
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recipients of kidney transplants have elevated cancer risk compared with the general population. Improvements over time in transplant care and cancer treatment may have affected incidence and outcomes of cancer among recipients of kidney transplant. To evaluate this, we used linked United States transplant and cancer ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.018
更新日期：2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP) is a unique protein that is produced exclusively by cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TALH). This study examined whether dietary salt altered renal THP production. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were examined on days 1, 4, and 15 following placement in met...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00117.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical and experimental studies have shown that serum aluminum (Al) is bound to transferrin and that cellular uptake of Al appears to be mediated by transferrin receptors. Based on these findings it is widely believed that intestinal Al absorption occurs via iron-specific, transferrin-dependent pathways and that iro...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1996.509
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) affects mesangial proliferation, survival and production of proinflammatory proteins. During a survey of the mesangial cell proteome after treatment with 15dPGJ2, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was found to be the most conspicuous...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00454.x
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a disease pattern with heterogeneous causes. Recently a specific subtype of autoimmune TIN, IgG4-related TIN, has been identified that is part of systemic IgG4-related disease/ autoimmune pancreatitis. On biopsy, this TIN shows an IgG4+ plasma cell-rich infiltrate, akin to the pan...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2010.342
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have sought to determine the mechanisms driving fluid secretion by the cystic epithelium in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We have performed in vitro experiments on intact cysts dissected from discarded ADPKD kidneys, on monolayers of cells cultured from the cystic epithelium and on microcyst...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/ki.1996.230
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial diseases represent a significant clinical challenge. Substantial efforts have been devoted to identifying therapeutic strategies for mitochondrial disorders, but effective interventions have remained elusive. Recently, we reported attenuation of disease in a mouse model of the human mitochondrial disease...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.038
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sulindac has been reported to inhibit systemic prostaglandins (PGs) while not affecting renal PGs. We studied 11 normal volunteers who received placebo, ibuprofen, naproxen, or sulindac in a randomized, double-blind fashion. After control periods asse...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/ki.1985.11
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A dose escalation study of adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy was studied in 21 subjects. This dose escalation study confirmed no significant cellular toxicity, but it showed improvement in renal oxygenation and glomerular filtration rate. No significant renal toxicity from cell therapy was show...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2019.12.020
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients initiating dialysis after a failed kidney transplant are a subgroup of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who have not been characterized. Exposure to immunosuppressive medications differentiates these patients from the general incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) population. METHODS:Data fro...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00373.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progression of diabetic nephropathy appears directly related to renal tubulointerstitial injury, but the involved genes are incompletely delineated. To identify such genes, DNA microarray analysis was performed with RNA from renal proximal tubules (RPTs) of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats, spontaneously di...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5000206
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The monitoring of the levels of alloantibodies following transplantation might facilitate early diagnosis of chronic rejection (CR), the leading cause of renal allograft failure. Here, we used serial alloantibody surveillance to monitor patients with preoperative positive flow cytometric crossmatch (FCXM). Sixty-nine ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2010.556
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:EDTA (calcium disodium edetate) lead mobilization and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) finger bone lead tests were done in 42 patients with chronic renal failure and without persisting lead intoxication. Nineteen of 23 patients with gout and 8 of 19 without gout had positive EDTA lead mobilization tests. Those patients with g...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1984.175
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:alpha 2 Macroglobulin (alpha 2M), a protease inhibitor, is often increased in plasma of patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Although it has been speculated that synthesis is increased, no direct measurements have been performed. METHODS:alpha 2M synthesis in both normal subjects (N = 4) and nephrotic pati...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00018.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among Canadians starting dialysis, patients of East Asian and Indo Asian background are less likely than whites to receive a renal allograft. Although the reasons for such variation are complex, less living donation may contribute significantly. More studies are needed to confirm these differences and to evaluate stra...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002437
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The clinical demographics of chronic dialysis patients are changing worldwide. However, long-term data from regional dialysis registries have not yet been analyzed and reported. METHODS:The Okinawa Dialysis Study (OKIDS) registry included all chronic dialysis patients treated in Okinawa, Japan, since 1971. ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00147.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent primary chronic glomerular disease for which no safe disease-specific therapies currently exist. IgAN is an autoimmune disease involving the production of autoantigenic, aberrantly O-glycosylated IgA1 and ensuing deposition of nephritogenic immune complexes in the kidney. A...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2019.01.031
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relative importance of sarcopenia and its individual components as independent predictors of mortality in the dialysis population has not been determined. We estimated whole-body muscle mass using pre-dialysis bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements in 645 ACTIVE/ADIPOSE-enrolled prevalent hemodialysis patients fro...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2017.01.024
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The impact of dialysis on cognitive trends is uncertain. Kurella Tamura et al. evaluated cognitive trajectories in 212 participants from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study and found that dialysis initiation was associated with a decline in executive function. This is consistent with a cerebrovascular basis f...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2017.01.022
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The plasmin protease system may have a role in maintaining the patency of renal tubules and in regulating matrix degradation within the glomerulus. Urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA) is a serine protease which plays an important part in the regulation of plasmin production from plasminogen. The synthesis of u-PA b...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1994.5
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
