Abstract:
:The pharmacokinetics of piperacillin were examined after single intravenous doses to three groups of male patients with creatinine clearances of greater than or equal to 60 (group I), greater than or equal to 20 but less than 60 (group II), and less than 20 (group III) ml/min per 1.73 m2. Each of 32 patients received either 1 or 4 g of piperacillin as a bolus injection. Three patients received both doses. After a rapid 0.5- to 1-h distribution phase, antibiotic levels in serum declined monoexponentially. After the 1-g dose, mean peak piperacillin levels in serum were 60, 103, and 67 micrograms/ml and the beta phase elimination half-lives were 1.0, 1.6, and 3.9 h in groups I, II, and III, respectively. After the 4-g dose, the respective mean peak piperacillin levels in serum were 329, 232, and 262 micrograms/ml and beta phase half-lives were 1.4, 2.3, and 2.6 h in the three groups. There was no clear evidence of significant dose-dependent effects on any pharmacokinetic parameters in any of the groups. Piperacillin levels in urine were far higher than those in serum, generally exceeding the minimal inhibitory concentrations for susceptible organisms during the 24 h after both the 1- and the 4-g dose. Piperacillin dosage modification is required only in patients with severe renal impairment.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Welling PG,Craig WA,Bundtzen RW,Kwok FW,Gerber AU,Madsen POdoi
10.1128/aac.23.6.881subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-06-01 00:00:00pages
881-7issue
6eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) locus in Escherichia coli consists of two divergently expressed operons (marC and marRAB), both of which contribute to the Mar phenotype. Overexpression of the marRAB operon protected E. coli against rapid cell killing by fluoroquinolones. Inactivation of the operon in mar muta...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.5.1266
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a new recombinant retroviral system in which a library of infectious molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is constructed with reverse transcriptase (RT) genes derived from viral RNA sequences in plasma. HIV-1 RT is amplified from plasma HIV-1 RNA by nested RT-PCR and cloned...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.12.2781
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shigella flexneri continues to be a major cause of diarrhea-associated illness, and increasing resistance to first-line antimicrobials complicates the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen. We investigated the pharmacodynamics of current antimicrobial treatments for shigellosis to determine the likelihood of...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00086-17
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphonoformate was found to be an inhibitor of the deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase induced by the herpesvirus of turkeys. The apparent inhibition constants were 1 to 3 muM. Phosphonoformate was also able to block the replication in cell culture of Marek's disease herpesvirus, the herpesvirus of turkeys, and herpes ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.13.2.188
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed and validated a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with a mass detector to quantify itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole using quinoxaline as the internal standard. The method involves protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Mean accuracy (percent deviation from the true v...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01807-09
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and an aconitase inhibitor, fluoroacetic acid, both of which are known to lower the cellular ATP pool, protected Escherichia coli cells from the bactericidal actions of gyrase poisons including quinolone antibiotics, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, and th...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.5.1022
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactation studies are necessary evaluations of medications for reproductive-age women. We evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, safety, and adherence profiles associated with 7 days of 1% tenofovir (TFV) vaginal gel use during lactation. Tenofovir levels (maternal/infant serum, milk) and anti-HIV activity...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00645-16
更新日期:2016-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::An important determinant of nephrotoxicity, which is the major complication of long-term amphotericin B treatment, is dysfunction of distal tubular epithelial cells. The underlying cause for this rather selective damage to the cells is unknown. In the present investigation, it was shown that kidney epithelial cells we...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.5.1116
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel and highly accurate diagnostic assay platform was established for rapid identification of FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida glabrata The assay platform uses allele-specific molecular beacon and DNA melt analysis following asymmetric PCR. A dual assay for FKS1 and FKS2 was develop...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01574-16
更新日期:2016-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Statins are inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, but other biological properties, such as antimicrobial effects, have also been assigned to them, leading to their designation as pleiotropic agents. Our goal was to investigate the activity and selectivity of atorvastatin (AVA) against Trypanosoma cruzi by using in vitr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00979-18
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure expression levels of genes encoding efflux pumps, ERG11 and two control genes, ACT1 and PMA1, in a collection of 14 fluconazole-susceptible Candida albicans isolates. For each gene, average expression levels and variations within the population were determined. These valu...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.6.2124-2131.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Carba NP test was evaluated against a panel of 244 carbapenemase- and non-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. We confirmed the 100% specificity and positive predictive value of the test, but the sensitivity and negative predictive value were 72.5% and 69.2%, respectively...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00878-13
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea and is a major public health concern. Current therapies disrupt the protective intestinal flora, do not reliably prevent recurrent infections, and will be decreasingly effective should less susceptible strains emerge. CRS3123 is an oral agent that inhibits ba...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02760-16
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Carbovir is a novel carbocyclic nucleoside which has been shown to have potent in vitro activity against human immunodeficiency virus, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Sprague-Dawley male rats were used to investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of carbovir. Six rats received car...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.33.2.171
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum poses a major threat to current frontline artemisinin combination therapies. Artemisinin resistance is widely associated with mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch13 (PfKelch13) propeller region, leading to delayed parasite clearance and increased survival of...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02389-18
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Actithiazic acid and alpha-methyldethiobiotin inhibited the conversion of dethiobiotin to biotin resting-cell suspensions of Escherichia coli. The concentrations which effected 50% inhibition were 0.45 and 1.1 microM for actithiazic acid and alpha-methyldethiobiotin, respectively. Cells grown in low concentrations of ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.1.5
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that a series of nonnucleoside pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines selectively inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). These compounds act at the immediate-early or early stage of HCMV replication and have antiviral properties somewhat similar to ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.8.2470-2476.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effervescent lozenges containing 10 mg of zinc acetate were evaluated as a treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in a double-blind randomized trial by using a placebo which was indistinguishable to most observers in taste and appearance from the active material. Of the 70 treatment courses used by 55 individ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.31.8.1263
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary studies showed that roxithromycin possessed significant in vitro activity against a variety of atypical mycobacteria such as the Mycobacterium avium complex, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. malmoense, M. xenopi, M. marinum, and M. kansasii and rare pathogens such as M. chelonae and M. fortuitum. In this in...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.38.6.1433
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multicenter collection of bacteremic isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 423), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 300), and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (n = 199) was analyzed for susceptibility. Xpert Carba-R assay and sequencing for mcr genes were performed for carbapenem- or colistin-re...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01089-20
更新日期:2020-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::The long-term therapeutic and toxic effects of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA) were evaluated in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected newborn rhesus macaques. Four untreated SIV-infected newborn macaques developed persistently high levels of viremia, and three of the four animals had rapidly fatal...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.11.2586
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combination therapy using drugs with different mechanisms of action is the current state of the art in antimalarial treatment. However, except for artemisinin-based combination therapies, only a few other combinations are now available. Increasing concern regarding the emergence and spread of artemisinin resistance in...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02307-19
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::A membrane fraction from Pseudomonas aeruginosa KM 338 was shown to catalyze in vitro peptidoglycan synthesis from uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d- glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelyl-d-alanyl-d-alanine and uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine. Synthesized peptidoglycan was partially cross-linked by t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.6.6.672
更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior investigations have suggested the use of a dosing weight correction factor of ideal body weight (IBW) plus 40% excess body weight (EBW, where EBW = total body weight [TBW] - IBW) to determine the weight to use for aminoglycoside dosing in morbidly obese (TBW/IBW ratio, > 2) patients. Little data are available to...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.2.545
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinazolinediones (diones) are fluoroquinolone-like inhibitors of bacterial gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV. To assess activity against mycobacteria, C-8-methoxy dione derivatives were compared with cognate fluoroquinolones by using cultured Mycobacterium smegmatis. Diones exhibited higher MIC values than fluoroquinol...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00033-11
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the inhibitory activities of 10 polyether antibiotics on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. These compounds caused concentration-dependent inhibition of HIV replication in primary infected cultures of human T-lymphoblastoid H9 cells. The ratio of 50% effective concentrations for cellular cytotoxici...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.2.492
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antimicrobial activity of CS-940, a new trifluorinated quinolone drug, was tested against 761 clinical isolates. CS-940 activity against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae was most similar to that of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, with a large range of MICs inhibiting 90% of isolates tested (MIC90S) of 0.015 t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.10.2325
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lethal mutagenesis is an antiviral approach that consists in extinguishing a virus by an excess of mutations acquired during replication in the presence of a mutagenic agent, often a nucleotide analogue. One of its advantages is its broad spectrum nature that renders the strategy potentially effective against emergent...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01653-19
更新日期:2019-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activities of amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and ravuconazole against 39 isolates of Trichosporon spp. were determined by the NCCLS M27-A microdilution method. The azoles tested appeared to be more potent than amphotericin B. Low minimal fungicidal concentration/MIC...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.4.1144-1146.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a devastating disease of immunocompromised patients. Pharmacodynamic (PD) examination of antifungal drug therapy in IPA is one strategy that may improve outcomes. The current study explored the PD target of posaconazole in an immunocompromised murine model of IPA against 10 A....
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01279-12
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00