Abstract:
:Municipal swimming pools and wading pools were examined for the presence of human enteric viruses using a portable virus concentrator at the site to concentrate viruses from 100-gallon to 500-gallon samples. Ten of 14 samples contained viruses; three of these were positive for virus in the presence of residual free chlorine. Enteroviruses were isolated from two pools which exceeded the 0.4 ppm free residual chlorine standard. This study appears to be supportive of recent evidence that indicates a higher incidence of enterovirus infection among bathers. All seven wading pool samples contained virus. Coxsackieviruses B3 and B4, poliovirus 1, and echovirus 7 were isolated. Total coliform bacteria were not adequate indicators of the presence of virus, as six of the samples were positive for virus but negative for coliforms. Total plate counts appeared to provide a better indication of the sanitary quality of the pool water, but viruses could still be detected in samples that met currently recommended bacterial levels. It is possible that swimming and wading pools may serve as a means of transmission of enteroviral disease, especially in children, during summer months.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Keswick BH,Gerba CP,Goyal SMdoi
10.2105/ajph.71.9.1026subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-09-01 00:00:00pages
1026-30issue
9eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We addressed the positive and negative factors that influence the health and wellness of urban Aboriginal youths in Canada and ways of restoring, promoting, and maintaining the health and wellness of this population. Fifty-three in-service professionals, care providers, and stakeholders participated in this study in w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302481
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data System. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, is a cross-sectional survey on the health and nutritional status of US adults and children. Data Collection/Processing. A complex, multistage probability design is used to select a sample...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303815
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of care coordination on asthma outcomes among children in underserved urban communities. METHODS:We enrolled children, most of whom had very poorly or not well-controlled asthma, in medical-social care coordination programs in Los Angeles, California; Chicago, Illinois; Philadelphia, Pe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303373
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to estimate the effects of recreational physical activity and back exercises on low back pain, related disability, and psychological distress among patients randomized to chiropractic or medical care in a managed care setting. METHODS:Low back pain patients (n=681) were randomized and followed for...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.052993
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Family physicians in the State of Washington were surveyed about their knowledge and views about chiropractors; 79 per cent (476) responded. Sixty-six per cent indicated discomfort with what they believed chiropractors do while acknowledging their effectiveness for some patients; 25 per cent viewed chiropractors as an...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.5.636
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the impact of adoption of a national health program on homeless care in the United States, care for this group in Britain's National Health Service (NHS) was evaluated. Although hospital and medication charges are eliminated, primary care for the homeless lacks central government directive, suffers from over...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.8.1033
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A six-year prospective study provides estimates of functional status (independent, dependent, nursing home resident, or deceased) according to age, gender, and previous functional status for Caucasian elders initially living in the community. Half the cohort had sustained independence for the six years; of those depen...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.3.266
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Because opinion leaders hold positions from which they may influence tobacco control efforts, this study examined their support for tobacco control policies and their involvement in tobacco control activities. METHODS:A telephone survey was administered to 712 California opinion leaders who were randomly se...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.8.1283
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We conducted a meta-analysis summarizing the effects of interventions designed to increase physical activity among healthy adults. METHODS:Our comprehensive searches located 358 reports eligible for inclusion. We used random-effects analyses to synthesize data, and we used meta-analytic analogues of regress...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.194381
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined circumstances surrounding swimming pool drownings among US residents aged 5 to 24 years to understand why Black males and other racial/ethnic groups have high drowning rates. METHODS:We obtained data about drowning deaths in the United States (1995-1998) from death certificates, medical examiner ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.057067
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following Hurricane Katrina, the uniformed US Public Health Service created an updated system through which its officers participated in emergency responses. The Rapid Deployment Force (RDF) concept, begun in 2006, involved five teams of officers with diverse clinical and public health skill sets organized into an inc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304496
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We describe trends in occupational and nonoccupational injury among working-age adults in Ontario. METHODS:We conducted an observational study of adults aged 15 to 64 over the period 2004 through 2011, estimating the incidence of occupational and nonoccupational injury from emergency department (ED) records...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302223
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of these analyses was to test the hypothesis that depressive symptomatology affects the risk of onset of physical disability in high-functioning elderly adults. METHODS:The data come from the MacArthur Study of Successful Aging, a community-based cohort of high-functioning adults aged 70 through...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.11.1796
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality rates were examined among 3,324 Black and White daily opioid drug users for a four-year period following treatment in community-based agencies located across the United States. A total of 179 of these addicts died during this follow-up period, yielding a death rate of 15.2 per 1,000 person-years at risk. Whe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.72.7.703
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Survey data were used to measure change in dental utilization in five urban low-income areas as a result of increased financial (Medicaid) and facility (community health centers) access to dental care. The average annual dental visit between the baseline and follow-up surveys showed a dramatic increase in four of the ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.69.10.1001
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the association between unprotected anal intercourse and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among heterosexual women. METHODS:In 2006 through 2007, women were recruited from high-risk areas in New York City through respondent-driven sampling as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.181883
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper models the prevailing political attack on government as a heuristic, a judgmental strategy that simplifies complex phenomena by applying simple tests to a limited set of relevant data. The heuristic of market individualism offers three tools for analyzing the problems of governing: the supremacy of the free...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.10.1607
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper assesses the risks and benefits associated with hysterectomy by comparing the age-adjusted health care usage patterns of all women receiving hysterectomy in the Province of Manitoba in 1974 during the two years before and the two years after surgery with those of women undergoing cholecystectomy, and with t...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.1.39
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is recommended for tobacco cessation on the basis of pharmaceutical industry research showing its effectiveness when combined with counseling. The tobacco industry opposed NRT when it first appeared in the 1980s but by 2016 was marketing its own NRT products. We used internal tobacco...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303935
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking among young women is associated with a variety of negative health outcomes. Gender specific influences on smoking, quitting and attempting to quit are hypothesized to occur and may have implications for cessation programs. METHODS:Telephone surveys were conducted in a large (n = 6,711) cohort of you...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.3.324
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We explored insurers' perceptions regarding barriers to reimbursement for oral rapid HIV testing and other preventive screenings during dental care. METHODS:We conducted semistructured interviews between April and October 2010 with a targeted sample of 13 dental insurance company executives and consultants,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301825
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We systematically reviewed the effects of alcohol taxes and prices on alcohol-related morbidity and mortality to assess their public health impact. METHODS:We searched 12 databases, along with articles' reference lists, for studies providing estimates of the relationship between alcohol taxes and prices and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.186007
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the proportion and characteristics of patients who do not regularly visit general health care providers but do visit dentists and whose unaddressed systemic health conditions could therefore be identified by their dentist. Of the 26.0% of children and 24.1% of adults that did not access general outpatient ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300420
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine how risk factors for disease vary among Asian subgroups. METHODS:Using data from a case-control study conducted at Northern California Kaiser Medical Centers (from 1996 to 2001), we compared prevalence of selected risk factors among Asian subgroups and evaluated the associations of th...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.11.1977
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study assessed the effectiveness of a family planning intervention with and without husband's participation in reducing pregnancy and abortion rates in Shanghai, China. METHODS:In this 3-arm randomized trial among 1800 nonsterilized married women, educational interventions targeting both spouses and ta...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.4.646
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. We examined whether residence in neighborhoods with high levels of incarceration is associated with psychiatric morbidity among nonincarcerated community members. Methods. We linked zip code-linked information on neighborhood prison admissions rates to individual-level data on mental health from the Detroi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302184
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the seroprevalence and investigate risk behaviors for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in intravenous drug users in Los Angeles County, a stratified, random sample of 790 clients, enrolled in either methadone maintenance or detoxification programs, were studied. Thirteen study participants (1.8...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.1.81
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interventions are needed to assist drug abusers in reducing risky drug and sexual behavior. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial compared three small-group AIDS educational interventions among 567 clients of a 21-day inpatient drug detoxification program: a two-session informational intervention, given eit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.4.533
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the factors influencing delay in seeking abortion and the outcomes for women denied abortion care because of gestational age limits at abortion facilities. METHODS:We compared women who presented for abortion care who were under the facilities' gestational age limits and received an abortion (n ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301378
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although researchers acknowledge that health disparities have multiple determinants, most recommendations for reducing inequities focus on a single approach. We suggest integrating 2 approaches for reducing disparities: improving access to primary care and updating and more vigorously enforcing consumer and environmen...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.166389
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00