Acrylonitrile-induced gastrointestinal hemorrhage and the effects of metabolism modulation in rats.

abstract：:We use a stochastic model describing initiation and clonal growth of altered cells to analyze data from an initiation-promotion hepatocarcinogenesis experiment in female Wistar rats. Starting at 7 weeks of age, the animals were treated for 10 days with the initiating agent diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 10 mg/kg body wt per...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Luebeck EG,Buchmann A,Stinchcombe S,Moolgavkar SH,Schwarz M

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To further elucidate the mechanism of cadmium inhibition of renal amino acid transport, brush border membrane vesicles were isolated from rabbit renal cortex and the effect of cadmium on the uptake of L-glutamate into the vesicles was investigated. Preincubation of the membranes with CdCl2 decreased sodium-dependent L...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kinne RK,Schütz H,Kinne-Saffran E

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies in this laboratory have shown that the well-characterized arginine analogue nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, l-nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME) is protective against the cytotoxicity of the vesicating agent bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (HD). Furthermore, these protective effects were not medi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sawyer TW,Hancock JR,D'Agostino PA

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A discrete-time simulation model of carcinogenesis is described mathematically using recursive relationships between time-varying model variables. The dynamics of cellular behavior is represented within a biological framework that encompasses two irreversible and heritable genetic changes. Empirical data and biologica...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ellwein LB,Cohen SM

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid peptide that acts as a natural endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) and strongly stimulates the release of growth hormone from the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Previous studies have identified the important physiological effects of ghrelin on bone metabolism, ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Liang QH,Liu Y,Wu SS,Cui RR,Yuan LQ,Liao EY

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravesical gemcitabine has recently been introduced for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer and has a favourable efficacy and toxicity profile in comparison to mitomycin c (MMC), the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxic potency of gemcitabine in compari...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Farr SE,Chess-Williams R,McDermott CM

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goodness of fit of three PBPK models to data for inhalation uptake of 1,3-butadiene by mice from closed chambers were compared. These models included a classical flow-limited model with blood consolidated into arterial and venous compartments, a flow-limited model with implicit blood and alveolar compartments, and...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kohn MC

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vitamin E analogue alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TOS) is an efficient anti-cancer drug. Improved efficacy was achieved through the synthesis of alpha-tocopheryl maleamide (alpha-TAM), an esterase-resistant analogue of alpha-tocopheryl maleate. In vitro tests demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity of al...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Turánek J,Wang XF,Knötigová P,Koudelka S,Dong LF,Vrublová E,Mahdavian E,Procházka L,Sangsura S,Vacek A,Salvatore BA,Neuzil J

更新日期：2009-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The anti-HIV drug 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is the drug of choice for preventing maternal-fetal HIV transmission during pregnancy. Our aim was to assess the cytotoxic effects of AZT on human placenta in vitro. The mechanisms of AZT-induced effects were investigated using JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells and primary ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Collier AC,Helliwell RJ,Keelan JA,Paxton JW,Mitchell MD,Tingle MD

更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ro 23-9223 is a highly lipophilic aromatic retinoid with antiproliferative and sebum supressive effects in preclinical disease models of acne. To investigate the relation between Ro 23-9223 developmental toxicity, drug distribution, and transplacental transfer, groups of pregnant hamsters were given oral doses of 50-5...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Willhite CC,Lovey A,Eckhoff C

更新日期：2000-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A PB-PK model has been developed for nasal nonreactive vapor uptake in the F344 rat which incorporates nasal enzyme distribution as well as nasal airflow patterns. Nasal tissue is separated into respiratory and olfactory mucosal areas with each area containing mucus, epithelial, and submucosal compartments. Metabolic ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Morris JB,Hassett DN,Blanchard KT

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:In the heart, cardiac fibroblasts (CF) and cardiac myofibroblasts (CMF) are the main cells responsible for wound healing after cardiac insult. Exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a downstream effector of cAMP, and it has been not completely studied on CF. Moreover, in CMF, which are the main cells r...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Olmedo I,Muñoz C,Guzmán N,Catalán M,Vivar R,Ayala P,Humeres C,Aránguiz P,García L,Velarde V,Díaz-Araya G

更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (BGD) on the renal toxicity produced by subacute exposure to cadmium in rats was studied. Rats were injected sc with CdCl2 (1.5 mg Cd/kg) daily for 26 days and thereafter they received 13 injections of BGD (400 mumol/kg) every other day. Urinary protein concentration ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kojima S,Ono H,Kiyozumi M,Honda T,Takadate A

更新日期：1989-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural flavonoids have diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the action of 5-methoxyflavanone (5-MF) which has a strong bioavailability and metabolic stability. Our results show tha...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Shin SY,Hyun J,Yu JR,Lim Y,Lee YH

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess the effects of long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) on the renal metabolism of eicosanoids, the urinary excretion of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) was determined in 37 workers exposed to Cd and...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Cárdenas A,Ramis I,Hotter G,Roselló J,Gelpí E,Roels H,Bernard A,Lauwerys R

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The autoradiographic distribution of the toxic heavy metal nickel (Ni) was studied at 4 and 7 days post-coxsackievirus B3 (CB3) infection in Balb/c mice. The distribution of the iv injected 63Ni was studied 10 min, 4 hr, and 24 hr after administration. Results clearly show that the site of 63Ni accumulation is greatly...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ilbäck NG,Fohlman J,Friman G

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct additions to culture media of either acetaminophen (APAP) or 7-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (7-OH-AAF) resulted in abnormal closure of the anterior neuropores of cultured rat embryos in the absence of an exogenous bioactivation system. Concentrations required to produce a 50% incidence of the defect were appro...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Harris C,Stark KL,Luchtel DL,Juchau MR

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the reproductive system of male offspring rats were examined. The dams were treated subcutaneously 2 weeks prior to mating and throughout mating, pregnancy, and lactation. They received an initial loading dose of 25, 60, or 300 ng TCDD/kg body w...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Faqi AS,Dalsenter PR,Merker HJ,Chahoud I

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inter-relationship of "Thresholds" between chemical mixtures and their respective component single chemicals was studied using three sets of data and two types of analyses. Two in vitro data sets involve cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes from treatment of metals and a metal mixture [Bae, D.S., Gennings, C., Cart...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yang RS,Dennison JE

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. FXR deficiency in mice results in cholestasis, metabolic disorders, and tumorigenesis in liver and intestine. FXR is known to contribute to pathogenesis by regulating gene transcription; however,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhu Y,Li G,Dong Y,Zhou HH,Kong B,Aleksunes LM,Richardson JR,Li F,Guo GL

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is a fungus commonly used for treatment of viral hepatitis and cancer in Chinese folk medicine. Extract of A. camphorate is reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antihepatitis B virus and anticancer activities. In this study, we tested the in vivo effects of polysaccharides derived...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Cheng PC,Hsu CY,Chen CC,Lee KM

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numbers of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are steadily increasing. Therefore, alternative testing approaches with reduced costs and high predictivity suitable for high throughput screening and prioritization are urgently needed to ensure a fast and effective development of safe products. In parallel, extensive resear...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Riebeling C,Wiemann M,Schnekenburger J,Kuhlbusch TA,Wohlleben W,Luch A,Haase A

更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhalation of dust from hard metal (HM), a mixture of tungsten carbide, cobalt, and other metals, can cause interstitial alveolitis, fibrosis, and asthma in the workplace. Some effects of HM could occur after the metals dissolve in the lung. We examined whether chloride salts of metals in HM alloys can elicit response...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Fedan JS,Cutler D

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicological and biochemical effects of muconaldehyde, a six-carbon diene dialdehyde, were evaluated in 6- to 9-week-old CD-1 male mice. The LD50 of trans,trans-muconaldehyde was 6.7 and 7.1 mg/kg body wt when calculated by two different methods. Administration of trans,trans-muconaldehyde (2 mg/kg, ip) daily for 10 ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Witz G,Rao GS,Goldstein BD

更新日期：1985-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Metals such as arsenic, cadmium, beryllium, and nickel are known human carcinogens; however, other transition metals, such as tungsten (W), remain relatively uninvestigated with regard to their potential carcinogenic activity. Tungsten production for industrial and military applications has almost doubled over the pas...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Laulicht F,Brocato J,Cartularo L,Vaughan J,Wu F,Kluz T,Sun H,Oksuz BA,Shen S,Peana M,Medici S,Zoroddu MA,Costa M

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triaryl phosphates including tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl phosphate (BTP) are organophosphates used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Rat steroidogenic tissues such as adrenocortical (AC), ovarian interstitial (OI), and Leydig cells use an intracellular p...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Latendresse JR,Azhar S,Brooks CL,Capen CC

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female Golden Syrian hamsters, F-344 rats, Swiss CD-1 mice, and B6C3F1 hybrid mice were exposed 6 hr/day, 5 days/week to carcinogenic levels of vinyl chloride (VC) for 6, 12, 18, or 24 months (rats and hamsters only). Other groups of rodents were held for 6 or 12 months and then exposed for 6 or 12 months. At the end ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Drew RT,Boorman GA,Haseman JK,McConnell EE,Busey WM,Moore JA

更新日期：1983-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a group of hepatic toxicant widely present in plants. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A plays a key role in metabolic activation of PAs to generate electrophilic metabolites, which is the main cause of hepatotoxicity. We have previously demonstrated the sex difference in developmental toxicity...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xiang E,Guo Q,Dai YG,Sun XX,Liu J,Fan CP,Wang YQ,Qiu SK,Wang H,Guo Y

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic angiogenesis has been implicated in ischemic diseases and wound healing. Ginsenoside-Rg1 (Rg1), one of the most abundant active components of ginseng, has been demonstrated as an angiogenesis-stimulating compound in different models. There is increasing evidence implicating microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of n...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kwok HH,Chan LS,Poon PY,Yue PY,Wong RN

更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier, we reported that chronic cadmium (Cd)-exposure to prostate epithelial (RWPE-1) cells causes defective autophagy, which leads to the transformation of a malignant phenotype in both in vitro and in vivo models. However, the upstream events responsible for defective autophagy are yet to be delineated. The presen...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kolluru V,Tyagi A,Chandrasekaran B,Ankem M,Damodaran C

更新日期：2019-06-15 00:00:00