On a national drug policy for Bangladesh.

Abstract:

:On April 27, 1982 the Ministry of Health of the government of Bangladesh, set up an 8-man expert committee to evaluate all the registered pharmaceutical products presently available, and to formulate a draft National Drug Policy. Objectives are: 1) to provide support for ensuring quality and availability of drugs; 2) to reduce drug prices; 3) to eliminate useless, nonessential, and harmful drugs from the market; 4) to promote local production of finished drugs; 5) to ensure coordination among government branches; 6) to develop a drug monitoring and information system; 7) to promote the scientific development and application of unani, ayurvedic, and homeopathic medicines; 8) to improve the standard of hospital and retail pharmacies; and 9) to insure good manufacturing practices. 16 criteria were agreed on as guidelines for evaluating the drugs on the country's market. Drugs in Bangladesh have been classified into 3 categories. The 1st is drugs that are positively harmful. They should be banned immediately and withdrawn from the market. There are 265 locally manufactured drugs and 40 imported drugs in this category. The 2nd, drugs to be slightly reformulated by eliminating some of their requirements. There are 134 drugs in this category. The 3rd is drugs that do not conform to 1 or more of the 16 criteria/guidelines. There are over 500 drugs in this category. The new drug policy will produce a saving of 800 million taka (US $32.4 million). Drug supply in Bangladesh is a problem. The public sector distributes 20% of the total. In the private sector, drugs are supplied through import and local production. Investment for research by the pharmaceutical companies is essential. The principles laid down by the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations for the supply of good medicine needs to be put into practice.

journal_name

Trop Doct

journal_title

Tropical doctor

authors

Islam N

doi

10.1177/004947558401400103

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1984-01-01 00:00:00

pages

3-7

issue

1

eissn

0049-4755

issn

1758-1133

journal_volume

14

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Ultrasonographic evaluation of gallbladder function in patients with Schistosoma mansoni infection.

    abstract::Gallbladder function was studied in 22 patients with portal hypertension due to advanced Schistosoma mansoni infection and in 17 healthy adults. The fasting volume of the gallbladder was significantly less in patients than in controls. The gallbladder wall was grossly thickened in the study group. There was a signific...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/004947559002000308

    authors: Ali QM,Abdel-Rahim IM,Doehring-Schwertfegar E,Franke D,Kardorff R,el Sheikh M,Ehrich JH

    更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00

  • The practice of traditional birth attendants in Zululand.

    abstract::Approximately 60% of births in the Mseleni area of South Africa's Kwa Zulu province were home deliveries in 1984. Home deliveries in the area are generally attended by members of the pregnant woman's family. If difficulties are encountered during labor, the family will call upon a midwife, or Traditional Birth Atten...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/004947558801800413

    authors: Jepson AP,MacDonald LD

    更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00

  • An overnight sedimentation method: improving the diagnosis of tuberculosis when electrical centrifuge is not available.

    abstract::An experimental comparative study was conducted in order to compare the positivity pattern of sputum microscopy using the direct and overnight sedimentation Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smears, direct and NaOCl pretreated centrifuged ZN smears and overnight sedimentation and NaOC1 pretreated centrifuged ZN smears methods. We ex...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1258/td.2007.060037

    authors: Rasheed MU,Dechu T

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • Primary mesenteric neuroendocrine tumour with liver metastasis: a common presentation of an uncommon tumour.

    abstract::Neuroendocrine tumours (NET) are rare. They usually arise from the gastrointestinal or bronchopulmonary systems. Most are discovered incidentally and the small bowel tumours pose special difficulty in detection and treatment. Primary mesenteric involvement is very rare. Here we report such a case with a liver metastas...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475519887657

    authors: Agarwal A,Kaman L,Gupta A,Ramavath K,Vaiphei K

    更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00

  • Haemocholecyst related to gallbladder malignancy.

    abstract::A haemocholecyst is a clot-filled gallbladder caused by bleeding into its lumen. It is a rare entity with fewer than 50 cases reported in the English literature. Preoperative diagnosis is often not possible even with good quality cross-sectional imaging. Here, we present a case of a gallbladder mass, whose nature was ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475520917264

    authors: Ray S,Ghosh R,Khamrui S,Kumar Das A,Saha S,Kumar D

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Factors influencing irradiance of locally fabricated phototherapy devices in Jos, north-central Nigeria.

    abstract::Locally fabricated phototherapy devices (LFPDs) are widely used in Nigeria for the treatment of neonatal jaundice. Ours was a cross-sectional observational study of all LFPDs in major hospitals in Jos between January and March 2015. We evaluated a total of 24 LFPDs. The irradiance at the level of the baby was in the r...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475517740491

    authors: Diala UM,Ofakunrin AO,Toma BO,Shwe DD,Yilgwan CS,Bode-Thomas F

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00

  • Low prevalence of malnutrition in a rural Nigerian community.

    abstract::This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in a rural Nigerian community. Using the modified Wellcome Classification, the prevalence of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) was 20.5%. The prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting were 23.1%t, 9% and 26.7%, respectively. The low prevalenc...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1258/004947507782333161

    authors: Senbanjo IO,Adeodu OO,Adejuyigbe EA

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Scrotal skin nodule: sebaceous cyst or tuberculosis? A lesson learnt!

    abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is a great mimic of many diseases and may present a dilemma in diagnosis. Sebaceous cyst is the commonest swelling that occurs in the scrotal skin. We present a 23-year-old patient who presented with a painful hard scrotal skin nodule, clinically diagnosed to be an infected calcified sebaceous cyst, ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475518768957

    authors: Joseph J,Menon A,Ramanathan R,Misra D,Rodrigues G

    更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00

  • Abdominal cocoon in an adolescent male patient.

    abstract::Abdominal cocoon is a rare cause of bowel obstruction. The condition was first described three decades ago and is found mainly among adolescent females in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It is characterized by a thick fibrous membrane encapsulating the small intestines partially or completely. Patients present wi...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1258/td.2009.090104

    authors: Ibrahim NA,Oludara MA

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Acute undifferentiated febrile illness in adult hospitalized patients: the disease spectrum and diagnostic predictors - an experience from a tertiary care hospital in South India.

    abstract::Local prevalences of individual diseases influence the prioritization of the differential diagnoses of a clinical syndrome of acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AFI). This study was conducted in order to delineate the aetiology of AFI that present to a tertiary hospital in southern India and to describe disease-s...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1258/td.2010.100132

    authors: Chrispal A,Boorugu H,Gopinath KG,Chandy S,Prakash JA,Thomas EM,Abraham AM,Abraham OC,Thomas K

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Transmission of HIV-1 in breast milk.

    abstract::The first recorded case of HIV-1 transmission via breast milk occurred in 1985. 1985 was also the year HIV-1 was first isolated in breast milk. In developed countries, many hospitals' special neonatal units no longer operated breast milk banks. National policies advised HIV-1 infected mothers to feed their babies b...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1177/004947559602600303

    authors: Broadhead RL

    更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00

  • A case of ectopic fascioliasis in the skin.

    abstract::A four-year-old boy presented to the hospital with a four-month history of recurrent bouts of fever and abdominal pain. Half a month before being admitted to hospital, multiple red cutaneous nodules had emerged at the left epigastric region and a dark red serpentine track appeared under the skin at the same site. The ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1258/td.2010.090445

    authors: Yi-Zhu X,Zhi-Bang Y

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Non-fatal acute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis following snake bite: A case report.

    abstract::Acute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHL) is a fulminant inflammatory disease of cerebral white matter, characterised by demyelination and haemorrhagic necrosis. The outcome is usually fatal with only few survivors. An unusual presentation of a 44-year-old South Indian farmer who developed AHL following a snake bite ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475515577987

    authors: Prabhakar AT,Kamanahalli R,Sivadasan A,Joseph E,Viggeswarpu S

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of abdominal TB: a review of 92 cases.

    abstract::During a period of eight years (1999-2006), 92 cases of abdominal TB were diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Based on our findings, FNAC is a simple, fast, accurate and inexpensive diagnostic procedure for cases of suspected abdominal TB. ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1258/td.2008.070477

    authors: Handa U,Garg S,Mohan H

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Simple leg ulcers: difficult diagnosis.

    abstract::Chronic leg ulcers in children in tropical developing countries are common. They are difficult to diagnose clinically and to manage. Our case illustrates that even in areas where yaws is endemic and point of care testing is available, the diagnosis remains difficult. ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475518804703

    authors: Fegan D,Glennon MJ

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Stroke subtypes in Black Tanzanians: a retrospective study of computerized tomography scan diagnoses at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam.

    abstract::Limited data are available on the stroke subtypes in Tanzania and sub-Saharan Africa. The present study was aimed at determining retrospectively the pattern of confirmed strokes in all patients in our hospital who had been given a computerized tomography (CT) brain scan during the study period (April 2001 to May 2002)...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/004947550403400305

    authors: Matuja W,Janabi M,Kazema R,Mashuke D

    更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • Malnutrition in children and its determinants: a study from east India.

    abstract::Malnutrition continues to be a major killer of children, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries such as India. An ecological study was undertaken to correlate different demographic factors with the prevalence of underweight children. Based on findings from the National Family Health Survey 4 (2015-2016), 81...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475518824825

    authors: Pratim Roy M

    更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of formalin preserved allogeneic bone graft as a grafting material.

    abstract::Formalin preserved allogeneic (FPA) bone graft was used in 18 patients with benign bone cavities, nine patients with malignant bone cavities, 12 patients with atrophic nonunion of fractures, seven with gap nonunion and 18 with comminuted fractures. The benign bone cavities were obliterated in 20 weeks and malignant ca...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/004947550003000207

    authors: Agarwal S,Mishra US,Jain UK

    更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00

  • A non-resolving splenic 'abscess' in an elderly male - An unusual manifestation of splenic lymphoma.

    abstract::Splenic abscess is a relatively uncommon condition, posing a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the treating physician. It occurs due to haematogenous spread from endocarditis or other septic foci, especially in immune-compromised individuals and diabetics. We describe an elderly male who presented with splenome...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475520981305

    authors: Nagarajan RK,Gopal B,Tajudeen M,Sistla SC,Balamourougan K

    更新日期:2020-12-25 00:00:00

  • Assessing knowledge and skills of laypersons bringing victims of road traffic collisions to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi.

    abstract::In Malawi, pre-hospital care assistance is mainly provided by laypersons who witnessed the event. The aim of our study was to determine the knowledge and skills of such persons who bring victims of road traffic crashes to hospital. The study was conducted at Adult Emergency and Trauma Centre at Queen Elizabeth Central...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475520974365

    authors: Sheikh S,Mulwafu W,Gondwe WTM,Nyirenda M,Mbomuwa F,Chokhotho L

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Seroepidemiology of human Brucella infection in Yixing, China.

    abstract::Brucellosis is a common zoonotic infection worldwide and a major public health problem in developing countries including China. The aim of our study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Brucella infection in humans in Yixing, located at the centre of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration. A total of 895 sera...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475516640191

    authors: Xiao Y,Zou G,Yin J,Tan W,Zhou J,Zhang H

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • Marked elevation of serum lipase in scrub typhus without pancreatitis: a report of three cases.

    abstract::Scrub typhus, a re-emerging acute febrile zoonosis can present as an undifferentiated fever often complicated by potentially fatal systemic involvement. Acute pancreatitis is a rare complication of scrub typhus which can result in a marked elevation of serum lipase. We report three cases of scrub typhus who presented ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475519855536

    authors: Bhargava A,Ali S,Rajeevan R,Udyavara R

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis in rural northern India--most have secondary causes.

    abstract::Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis (HPP) is a life-threatening condition. Our aim was to study the clinical profile and laboratory parameters of HPP patients and to develop an algorithm to determine the causes of HPP. 84 patients presented with HPP over a 3 year period. 58 (69.0%) were found to have renal tubular acidosi...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475513512643

    authors: Kumar V,Armstrong L,Seshadri MS,Finny P

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • A febrile child with a 'bunch of grapes' appearance on neck ultrasonography.

    abstract::Kawasaki disease is a common childhood vasculitis. Fever and lymphadenopathy, at times, are the only clinical presentation of Kawasaki disease, which mimics infectious lymphadenitis, especially, when other features are yet to evolve. In such a scenario, ultrasonography of cervical lymph nodes can help to differentiate...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475520975943

    authors: Patra PK,Banday AZ,Bhagat N,Vignesh P,Singh S

    更新日期:2020-12-06 00:00:00

  • The challenge of patients with severe psychiatric illness who do not access care - a way forward.

    abstract::Psychiatric illnesses are a significant cause of morbidity all over the world. In India many people with mental disorders are unable to access psychiatric care for a variety of reasons. This article describes the successful management of a person with schizophrenia in the community through a primary care team in liais...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1258/td.2010.100133

    authors: John SM,Venkatesan S,Tharyan A,Bhattacharji S

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Antibiotic resistance of Shigella in Monrovia.

    abstract::Twenty Shigella strains were isolated from bloody stools, of which 10 had been collected from children. Eighty per cent of the Shigella isolates were serogrouped as S. flexneri. All 20 Shigella strains were susceptible to gentamicin, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. More than 80% were resistant to ampicillin, cotrimo...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/004947559602600209

    authors: Guyot A

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • Is the clinicopathological pattern of colorectal carcinoma similar in the state and private healthcare systems of South Africa? Analysis of a Durban colorectal cancer database.

    abstract::Previous state hospital-based local studies suggest varying population-based clinicopathological patterns of colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients diagnosed with CRC in the state and private sector hospitals in Durban, South Africa over a 12-month period (January-December 2009) form the basis of our study. Of 491 patients...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0049475517710887

    authors: Ntombela XH,Zulu BM,Masenya M,Sartorius B,Madiba TE

    更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00

  • The use of misoprostol for mid-trimester therapeutic termination of pregnancy.

    abstract::Extra-amniotic prostaglandin F2alpha (PG F2alpha) is probably the most widely used medical method for mid-trimester termination of pregnancy. The method is highly effective but is financially costly, particularly for poor countries faced with restricted health budgets. The aim of this study was to establish whether mi...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1177/004947550103100315

    authors: Munthali J,Moodley J

    更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00

  • Monitoring diabetic control in developing countries: a review of glycated haemoglobin and fructosamine assays.

    abstract::Measurement of glycated proteins, especially haemoglobins, is now a routine procedure for monitoring previous glycaemic control in diabetic patients in the developed world. Until recently, however, the assays were sophisticated and costly and, therefore, were only rarely used in developing countries. With easier and c...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1177/004947559802800105

    authors: Rahlenbeck SI

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cholecystectomy without operative cholangiography in a district hospital.

    abstract::Thirty-seven patients underwent cholecystectomy without intraoperative cholangiography. Patients were selected using clinical and investigatory parameters. One patient had a negative common bile duct exploration. During the follow-up period of 2 1/2-3 1/2 years, all patients remained symptomatically and sonologically ...

    journal_title:Tropical doctor

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/004947559802800408

    authors: Puthu D,Chitnis AR

    更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00