Function and control of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphorylation in vertebrate transcription and RNA processing.

abstract：:Changes in chromatin composition are often a prerequisite for gene induction. Nonallelic histone variants have recently emerged as key players in transcriptional control and chromatin modulation. While the changes in chromatin accessibility and histone posttranslational modification (PTM) distribution that accompany g...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Sutcliffe EL,Parish IA,He YQ,Juelich T,Tierney ML,Rangasamy D,Milburn PJ,Parish CR,Tremethick DJ,Rao S

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well accepted that for transcriptional silencing in budding yeast, the evolutionarily conserved lysine deacetylase Sir2, in concert with its partner proteins Sir3 and Sir4, establishes a chromatin structure that prevents RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription. However, the mechanism of repression remains contr...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Gao L,Gross DS

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have characterized a pathway for nuclear export of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in mammalian cells. This pathway involves the Ca2+ -binding protein calreticulin (CRT), which directly contacts the DNA binding domain (DBD) of GR and facilitates its delivery from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In the present study,...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Holaska JM,Black BE,Rastinejad F,Paschal BM

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitin proteolytic system plays a major role in a variety of basic cellular processes. In the majority of these processes, the target proteins are completely degraded. In one exceptional case, generation of the p50 subunit of the transcriptional regulator NF-kappaB, the precursor protein p105 is processed in a ...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Orian A,Schwartz AL,Israël A,Whiteside S,Kahana C,Ciechanover A

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rad18 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is an essential gene that is involved in several different DNA repair processes. Rad18 (Smc6) is a member of the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family and, together with its SMC partner Spr18 (Smc5), forms the core of a high-molecular-weight complex. We show her...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Sergeant J,Taylor E,Palecek J,Fousteri M,Andrews EA,Sweeney S,Shinagawa H,Watts FZ,Lehmann AR

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous analyses have identified related cytoplasmic Lsm1-7p and nuclear Lsm2-8p complexes. Here we report that mature heat shock and MET mRNAs that are trapped in the nucleus due to a block in mRNA export were strongly stabilized in strains lacking Lsm6p or the nucleus-specific Lsm8p protein but not by the absence o...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Kufel J,Bousquet-Antonelli C,Beggs JD,Tollervey D

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Entry into mitosis depends upon activation of the dual-specificity phosphatase Cdc25C, which dephosphorylates and activates the cyclin B-Cdc2 complex. Previous work has shown that the Xenopus polo-like kinase Plx1 can phosphorylate and activate Cdc25C in vitro. In the work presented here, we demonstrate that Plx1 is a...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Qian YW,Erikson E,Li C,Maller JL

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two signals activate meiosis in yeast: starvation and expression of the a1 and alpha 2 products of the mating-type locus. Prior studies suggest that these signals stimulate expression of an activator of meiosis, the IME1 (inducer of meiosis) product. We have cloned a gene, IME2, with properties similar to those of IME...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Smith HE,Mitchell AP

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5'-flanking DNA sequences involved in the specific and efficient transcription of the polyoma virus early region have been investigated. Sequence requirements for efficient in vivo expression differed from those in vitro. Deletion of DNA located between 200 and 400 base pairs before the principal cap sites severel...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Jat P,Novak U,Cowie A,Tyndall C,Kamen R

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The androgen receptor (AR) is a nuclear hormone receptor superfamily member that conveys both trans repression and ligand-dependent trans-activation function. Activation of the AR by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) regulates diverse physiological functions including secondary sexual differentiation in the male and the induc...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Fu M,Wang C,Wang J,Zhang X,Sakamaki T,Yeung YG,Chang C,Hopp T,Fuqua SA,Jaffray E,Hay RT,Palvimo JJ,Jänne OA,Pestell RG

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleolin is a ubiquitous multifunctional protein involved in preribosome assembly and associated with both nucleolar chromatin in interphase and nucleolar organizer regions on metaphasic chromosomes in mitosis. Extensive nucleolin phosphorylation by a casein kinase (CKII) occurs on serine in growing cells. Here we re...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Belenguer P,Caizergues-Ferrer M,Labbé JC,Dorée M,Amalric F

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the Evi-1 zinc finger gene is a common event associated with transformation of murine myeloid leukemias. To characterize the gene product, we developed antisera against various protein domains. These antisera primarily detected a 145-kilodalton nuclear protein that bound double-stranded DNA. Binding was ...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Matsugi T,Morishita K,Ihle JN

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TACC2 is a member of the transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein family and is associated with the centrosome-spindle apparatus during cell cycling. In vivo, the TACC2 gene is expressed in various splice forms predominantly in postmitotic tissues, including heart, muscle, kidney, and brain. Studies of human...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Schuendeln MM,Piekorz RP,Wichmann C,Lee Y,McKinnon PJ,Boyd K,Takahashi Y,Ihle JN

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ty1 retrotransposons in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are maintained in a genetically competent but transpositionally dormant state. When located in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus, Ty1 elements are transcriptionally silenced by the specialized heterochromatin that inhibits rDNA repeat recombination. In addition, ...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Bryk M,Banerjee M,Conte D Jr,Curcio MJ

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular pathogen within the phylum Apicomplexa. Invasion and egress by this protozoan parasite are rapid events that are dependent upon parasite motility and appear to be directed by fluctuations in intracellular [Ca(2+)]. Treatment of infected host cells with the calcium ionopho...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Black MW,Arrizabalaga G,Boothroyd JC

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In eukaryotes, crossovers in mitotic cells can have deleterious consequences and therefore must be suppressed. Mutations in BLM give rise to Bloom syndrome, a disease that is characterized by an elevated rate of crossovers and increased cancer susceptibility. However, simple eukaryotes such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Hu Y,Lu X,Barnes E,Yan M,Lou H,Luo G

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family members are versatile proteins involved in transcription, chromatin organization, and replication. Recent findings now have implicated HP1 proteins in the DNA damage response as well. Cell-biological approaches showed that reducing the levels of all three HP1 isoforms enhances DN...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Dinant C,Luijsterburg MS

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have characterized the mechanism by which coactivator p300 facilitates transcriptional activation mediated by the heterodimer of thyroid hormone (T3) receptor and 9-cis retinoid acid receptor (TR-RXR) in the context of chromatin. We demonstrate that, while p300 can enhance the transcriptional activation mediated by...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Li J,O'Malley BW,Wong J

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional coactivators play a crucial role in gene expression by communicating between regulatory factors and the basal transcription machinery. The coactivator multiprotein bridging factor 1 (MBF1) was originally identified as a bridging molecule that connects the Drosophila nuclear receptor FTZ-F1 and TATA-bin...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Takemaru K,Harashima S,Ueda H,Hirose S

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assayed phosphatidylinositol (PI) kinase (EC 2.7.1.67) activity in detergent extracts of nontransformed or virus-transformed cells. Nontransformed chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) contain PI kinase activity with an apparent specific activity of 20 pmol/min per mg of protein. This activity sedimented as a single pea...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Sugano S,Hanafusa H

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plk is a mammalian serine/threonine protein kinase whose activity peaks at the onset of M phase. It is closely related to other mammalian kinases, Snk, Fnk, and Prk, as well as to Xenopus laevis Plx1, Drosophila melanogaster polo, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Plo1, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc5. The M phase of the ce...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Lee KS,Erikson RL

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A gene encoding a novel CACCC box-binding protein that binds to the promoter region of the human T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta 8.1 gene and the mouse TCR alpha gene silencer has been cloned. This gene, termed ht beta, contains four zinc fingers of the class Cys2-X12-His2 that may be responsible for DNA binding and a hi...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Wang Y,Kobori JA,Hood L

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Xenopus laevis oogenesis is characterized by an active transcription which ceases abruptly upon maturation. To survey changes in the characteristics of the transcriptional machinery which might contribute to this transcriptional arrest, the phosphorylation status of the RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1 subunit)...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Bellier S,Dubois MF,Nishida E,Almouzni G,Bensaude O

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ErbB family includes four homologous transmembrane tyrosine kinases. Whereas ErbB-1 binds to the epidermal growth factor (EGF), both ErbB-3 and ErbB-4 bind to the Neu differentiation factors (NDFs, or neuregulins), and ErbB-2, the most oncogenic family member, is an orphan receptor whose function is still unknown....

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Tzahar E,Waterman H,Chen X,Levkowitz G,Karunagaran D,Lavi S,Ratzkin BJ,Yarden Y

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone methylation is an important posttranslational modification that contributes to chromatin-based processes including transcriptional regulation, DNA repair, and epigenetic inheritance. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, histone lysine methylation occurs on histone H3 lysines 4, 36, and 79, and its de...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Klose RJ,Gardner KE,Liang G,Erdjument-Bromage H,Tempst P,Zhang Y

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that adds repetitive sequences to the ends of linear chromosomes, thereby counteracting nucleotide loss due to incomplete replication. A short region of the telomerase RNA subunit serves as template for nucleotide addition onto the telomere 3' end. Although Saccharomyces cerevi...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Förstemann K,Lingner J

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyoma virus transforms, upon infection or DNA transfection, nonpermissive Fisher rat fibroblasts. Cloned viral DNA was deleted of sequences around the Bg/I site at nucleotide 86 by Bal31 nuclease treatment and then recloned in Escherichia coli. The extent of deletion for each mutant was then determined by DNA sequen...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Katinka M,Yaniv M

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic imprinting results in parent-of-origin-dependent monoallelic expression of selected genes. Although their importance in development and physiology is recognized, few imprinted genes have been investigated for their effects on brain function. Gnas is a complex imprinted locus whose gene products are involved in...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Plagge A,Isles AR,Gordon E,Humby T,Dean W,Gritsch S,Fischer-Colbrie R,Wilkinson LS,Kelsey G

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein tyrosine kinase c-Src is regulated by two intramolecular interactions. The repressed state is achieved through the interaction of the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain with the phosphorylated C-terminal tail and the association of the SH3 domain with a polyproline type II helix formed by the linker region betwee...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Adolph D,Flach N,Mueller K,Ostareck DH,Ostareck-Lederer A

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diminished cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression in fibroblasts, with a resultant defect in the production of the antifibrotic mediator prostaglandin E(2), plays a key role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here, we have characterized the molecular mechanism. We found that COX-2 mRNA levels in ...

journal_title：Molecular and cellular biology

authors： Coward WR,Watts K,Feghali-Bostwick CA,Knox A,Pang L

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00