Abstract:
:Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family members are versatile proteins involved in transcription, chromatin organization, and replication. Recent findings now have implicated HP1 proteins in the DNA damage response as well. Cell-biological approaches showed that reducing the levels of all three HP1 isoforms enhances DNA repair, possibly due to heterochromatin relaxation. Additionally, HP1 is phosphorylated in response to DNA damage, which was suggested to initiate the DNA damage response. These findings have led to the conclusion that heterochromatic proteins are inhibitory to repair and that their dissociation from heterochromatin may facilitate repair. In contrast with an inhibitory role, a more active role for HP1 in DNA repair also was proposed based on the finding that all HP1 isoforms are recruited to UV-induced lesions, oxidative lesions, and DNA breaks. The loss of HP1 renders nematodes highly sensitive to DNA damage, and mice lacking HP1beta suffer from genomic instability, suggesting that the loss of HP1 is not necessarily beneficial for repair. These findings raise the possibility that HP1 facilitates DNA repair by reorganizing chromatin, which may involve interactions between phosphorylated HP1 and other DNA damage response proteins. Taken together, these studies illustrate an emerging role of HP1 proteins in the response to genotoxic stress.
journal_name
Mol Cell Bioljournal_title
Molecular and cellular biologyauthors
Dinant C,Luijsterburg MSdoi
10.1128/MCB.01048-09subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-01 00:00:00pages
6335-40issue
24eissn
0270-7306issn
1098-5549pii
MCB.01048-09journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Unlike the DNA of higher eucaryotes, the DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (bakers' yeast) is not methylated. Introduction of the Escherichia coli dam gene into yeast cells results in methylation of the N-6 position of adenine. The UV excision repair system of yeast cells specifically responds to the methylation, sugges...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.6.10.3555
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::S-Tubercidinylhomocysteine (STH) is a structural analog of S-adenosylhomocysteine and a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase reactions. We investigated the effects of STH on HeLa cell mRNA metabolism. Dual labeling studies reveal that STH dramatically inhibits the methylation of HeLa mR...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.4.3.538
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytoplasm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two major classes of protein-encapsulated double-stranded ribonucleic acids (dsRNA's), L and M. Replication of L and M dsRNA's was examined in cells arrested in the G1 phase by either alpha-factor, a yeast mating pheromone, or the restrictive temperature for a cell cy...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.1.8.673
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::For proper male sexual differentiation, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) must be tightly regulated during embryonic development to promote regression of the Müllerian duct. However, the molecular mechanisms specifying the onset of AMH in male mammals are not yet clearly defined. A DNA-binding element for the steroidogenic...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.18.11.6653
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription of the c-rel proto-oncogene was induced transiently when resting mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were stimulated with serum or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. Addition of cycloheximide increased the steady-state levels of c-rel mRNA. These results indicate that c-rel is another member of the early-response ge...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.9.11.5239
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorylation is believed to be one of the mechanisms by which p53 becomes activated or stabilized in response to cellular stress. Previously, p53 was shown to interact with three components of transcription factor IIH (TFIIH): excision repair cross-complementing types 2 and 3 (ERCC2 and ERCC3) and p62. This communi...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.17.10.5923
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the kinds of mutations induced when a shuttle vector containing covalently bound residues of the (+/-)-7 beta,8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha,10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) replicates in the monkey kidney cell line COS7. The target for detecting mutations was the 200-base pair g...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.7.3.1267
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression results from the coordinated actions of transcription factor proteins and coregulators. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that can both activate and repress the expression of genes. Activation of transcription by estrogen-bound ERalpha has been studied in deta...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00383-09
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously purified and characterized functionally the Escherichia coli-expressed product of the human subgroup C adenovirus E1A 13S mRNA (B. Ferguson, N. Jones, J. Richter, and M. Rosenberg, Science 224:1343-1346, 1984; B. Krippl, B. Ferguson, M. Rosenberg, and H. Westphal, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:6988-6992,...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.5.10.2653
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mixed-oligonucleotide probe was used to identify four ras-like coding sequences in a human teratocarcinoma cDNA library. Two of these sequences resembled the rho genes, one was closely related to H-, K-, and N-ras, and one shared only the four sequence domains that define the ras gene superfamily. Homologs of the fo...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.10.4.1793
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcriptional activator p53 is known to interact with components of the general transcription factor TFIID in vitro. To examine the relevance of these associations to transcriptional activation in vivo, plasmids expressing a p53-GAL4 chimera and Drosophila TATA-binding protein (dTBP) were transfected into Drosop...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.16.8.4295
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using PCR-coupled subtractive screening-representational difference analysis, we have cloned a novel gene from AML1-ETO knockin mice. This gene is highly expressed in the yolk sac and fetal liver of the knockin mice. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that its cDNA contains an 1,107-bp open reading frame encoding ...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.19.4.3029
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies showed that cyclophilin A (CypA) promotes NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation, resulting in enhanced NF-κB activity and altered expression of its target genes, such as the Sox9 transcriptional factor, which plays a critical role in chondrogenic differentiation and endochondral ossification. In this report, ...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01414-14
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosomal protein L5 binds specifically to 5S rRNA to form a complex that is a precursor to 60S subunit assembly in vivo. Analyses in yeast cells, mammalian cells, and Xenopus embryos have shown that the accumulation of L5 is not coordinated with the expression of other ribosomal proteins. In this study, the primary s...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.9.12.5281
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian signal recognition particle (SRP) is a small cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein required for the cotranslational targeting of secretory proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The heterodimeric protein subunit SRP9/14 was previously shown to be essential for SRP to cause pausing in the elongation of s...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.11.8.3949
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The progression of spermatogenesis involves global changes in chromatin structure and conformation. However, our understanding of the regulation of chromatin changes in germ cells remains limited. Here we describe both in vivo RNA interference and genetic mouse knockout studies that identify a critical role for Yin Ya...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00679-09
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simultaneous resistance to an array of drugs with different cytotoxic activities is a property of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which the protein Pdr3p has recently been shown to play a role as a transcriptional regulator. We provide evidence that the yeast PDR3 gene, which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor im...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.15.8.4043
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unintended DNA rearrangements in a differentiating lymphocyte can have severe, oncogenic consequences, but the mechanisms for avoiding pathogenic outcomes in V(D)J recombination are not well understood. The first level at which fidelity is instituted is in discrimination by the recombination proteins between authentic...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.14.5032-5040.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic basis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which constitutes the most common type of pancreatic malignancy, involves the sequential activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Among the pivotal genetic alterations are Ki-RAS oncogene activation and p53 tumor suppressor gene inactiva...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01055-05
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mTOR signaling complex integrates signals from growth factors and nutrient availability to control cell growth and proliferation, in part through effects on the protein-synthetic machinery. Protein synthesis rates fluctuate throughout the cell cycle but diminish significantly during the G(2)/M transition. The fate...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00322-09
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histone N-terminal tails are central to the processes that modulate nucleosome structure and function. We have studied the contribution of core histone tails to the structure of a single nucleosome and to a histone (H3-H4)(2) tetrameric particle assembled on a topologically constrained DNA minicircle. The effect of hi...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.19.7230-7237.2000
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) play an essential role in RNA export. Nucleoporins required for mRNA export in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are found in the Nup84p and Nup82p subcomplexes of the NPC. The Nup82p subcomplex contains Nup82p, Rat7p/Nup159p, Nsp1p, Gle1p/Rss1p, and Rip1p/Nup42p and is found only on the cytoplasm...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.24.11.4869-4879.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::PEX genes encode peroxins, which are required for the biogenesis of peroxisomes. The Yarrowia lipolytica PEX17 gene encodes the peroxin Pex17p, which is 671 amino acids in length and has a predicted molecular mass of 75,588 Da. Pex17p is peripherally associated with the peroxisomal membrane. The carboxyl-terminal trip...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.17.5.2511
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) are key in the regulation of blood pressure and the engagement of vascular pathologies, such as hypertension, arterial remodeling, and neointima formation. The role of the Rac1 GTPase in these cells remains poorly characterized. To clarify this issue, we have utilized genetically e...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01066-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose release from hepatocytes is important for maintenance of blood glucose levels. Glucose-6-phosphate phosphatase, catalyzing the final metabolic step of gluconeogenesis, faces the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. Thus, glucose produced in the ER has to be either exported from the ER into the cytosol before rele...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.25.24.11102-11112.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histone acetylation provides a switch between transcriptionally repressive and permissive chromatin. By regulating the chromatin structure at specific promoters, histone acetyltransferases (HATs) carry out important functions during differentiation and development of higher eukaryotes. HAT complexes are present in org...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00130-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Eph receptors are the largest known family of receptor tyrosine kinases and are notable for distinctive expression patterns in the nervous system and in early vertebrate development. However, all were identified as orphan receptors, and only recently have there been descriptions of a corresponding family of ligand...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.15.9.4921
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::RSC is an essential, multisubunit chromatin remodeling complex. We show here that the Rsc4 subunit of RSC interacted via its C terminus with Rpb5, a conserved subunit shared by all three nuclear RNA polymerases (Pol). Furthermore, the RSC complex coimmunoprecipitated with all three RNA polymerases. Mutations in the C ...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00415-06
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structural maintenance of chromosomes (Smc) family members Smc5 and Smc6 are both essential in budding and fission yeasts. Yeast smc5/6 mutants are hypersensitive to DNA damage, and Smc5/6 is recruited to HO-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs), facilitating intersister chromatid recombinational repair. To determin...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00786-10
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myb family proteins are ubiquitously expressed transcription factors. In mammalian cells, they play a critical role in regulating the G(1)/S cell cycle transition but their role in regulating other cell cycle checkpoints is incompletely defined. Herein, we report experiments which demonstrate that c-Myb upregulates cy...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01100-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00