Abstract：
:The distribution of precursor nitrogen between urea and glutamine was studied in control and acidotic rats. Acidosis, either acutely induced with hydrochloric acid or chronically induced with ammonium chloride, resulted in a rise in ammonia and a fall in urinary urea excretion; the percent of urinary nitrogen excreted as ammonia rose from 3.5 +/- 0.4 and 4.9 +/- 0.5 in fed and pair-fed controls to 25.9 +/- 3.9 and 37 +/- 5 in acidosis induced by hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride. Hepatoportal vein urea concentration differences were significantly reduced, whereas glutamine concentration differences were significantly elevated, consistent with a shift of nitrogen from ureagenesis to glutamine; alanine and ammonia concentration differences were significantly decreased and increased respectively in the acidotic animals, suggesting that former supported urea synthesis whereas ammonia may preferentially support glutamine synthesis. Evidence of a feed-forward involvement of the gut in influencing hepatic nitrogen distribution was suggested by an increased ammonia and decreased alanine release in acidotic rats. Bilateral ureteral ligation was performed on control and acidotic rats to determine the fate of the redirected urinary ammonia. Ammonia did not accumulate in the blood, rather it was initially incorporated into glutamine, elevating the plasma level, and then it was subsequently deposited into urea. The shift of nitrogen back into urea in acidotic animals was confirmed by the greater postligation urea production rates supported by hepatic uptake of both alanine and glutamine. These results are discussed in terms of interorgan participation involving the liver, gut, and muscle in the partitioning of nitrogen between glutamine and urea.
journal_name
Kidney Intjournal_title
Kidney internationalauthors
Phromphetcharat V,Jackson A,Dass PD,Welbourne TCdoi
10.1038/ki.1981.182subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-11-01 00:00:00pages
598-605issue
5eissn
0085-2538issn
1523-1755pii
S0085-2538(15)32599-0journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase associated with numerous aspects of health and physiology. Overexpression of SIRT6 has emerged as a protector in cardiac tissues against pathologic cardiac hypertrophy. However, the mechanism of this protective effect is not fully understood. Here, both in vivo and in ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2017.10.021
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prolonged antihypertensive therapy might be less effective in reversing the left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in uremics bearing the deleted (DD) allele of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene than in patients with the inserted (II) allele or in those heterozygous (ID) for the gene. METHODS:Thirtee...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00027.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiotensin II plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure, body salt and fluid balance, and urine concentration. Mice with deletion of the AT(1a) receptor develop polyuria and urine concentration defects. We studied the mechanisms of these urine concentration defects by treating wild-type and AT(1a)-k...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2009.134
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acutely injured mammalian kidney mounts a cellular and molecular response to repair itself. However, in patchy regions such intrinsic processes are impaired and dysregulated leading to chronic kidney disease. Currently, no therapy exists to treat established acute kidney injury per se. Strategies to augment human ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2017.07.030
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to determine whether alterations of the plasma and urinary VEGF and sFLT-1 levels were related to the stages and risk factors of diabetic nephropathy. ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00067.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that the activity of the Na-HCO3 cotransporter is stimulated by protein kinase C (PKC) activation, but the mechanism responsible for this effect is not clear. We have shown that cultured proximal tubule cells of the rabbit have DIDS-sensitive Na-HCO3 cotransporter activity as assessed by HCO3-...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1996.98
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages are inflammatory cells with important roles in the propagation of renal injury. More recently they have also been shown to be important in the resolution of inflammation. Wang et al. show that macrophages can be modulated ex vivo by cytokine stimulation, localize to renal tissue, and slow progression of ex...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002332
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed clinical and pathologic data from 36 recipients of 38 renal allografts who developed nephrotic syndrome following transplantation. Three groups were identified on the basis of histologic changes in the graft, and each group had a distinct clinical course. Nine grafts (23.7%) had recurrent glomerulonephriti...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1980.146
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This NIH-funded multicenter randomized study of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) treatment compared the efficacy of a 12-month course of cyclosporine to a combination of oral pulse dexamethasone and mycophenolate mofetil in children and adults with steroid-resistant primary FSGS. Of the 192 patients enrolled,...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/ki.2011.195
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, it is evident that malnutrition is highly prevalent in ESRD patients. This is clearly related to multiple factors encountered during the pre-dialysis stage, as well as during maintenance dialysis therapy. A body of evidence highlights the existence of relationship between malnutrition and outcome in this p...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/ki.1996.323
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) reactive against complement components involved in the classical activation pathway were applied in an indirect immunoperoxidase technique for the histological study of normal and diseased human renal tissues. Prominent staining with antibodies against the C4d fragment was seen in all glome...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1989.302
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adiponectin levels are increased in patients with type I diabetes especially in the presence of microangiopathy. Here we determined the predictive value of serum adiponectin levels and 8 adiponectin gene polymorphisms for mortality, cardiovascular events and end-stage renal disease in type I diabetic patients. This pr...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2008.201
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormalities of bone mineral metabolism and vascular calcification are prevalent in patients with kidney failure. Clinical management is based on biochemical targets, in particular parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, but this has many limitations including high biological variation. A possible alternative is bo...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2012.77
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive enlargement of kidney cysts leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Identification of an early biomarker that can predict progression of CKD is urgently needed. In an earlier Consortium for Radiolog...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2017.09.027
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The generation of reactive oxygen species has a pivotal role in both acute and chronic glomerular injuries in patients with lupus nephritis. As the transcription factor Nrf2 is a major regulator of the antioxidant response and is a primary cellular defense mechanism, we sought to determine a role of Nrf2 in the progre...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2013.343
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To identify susceptibility genes for diabetic nephropathy, GeneChip Expression Analysis was employed to survey the gene expression profile of diabetic KK/Ta mouse kidneys. METHODS:Kidneys from three KK/Ta and two BALB/c mice at 20 weeks of age were dissected. Total RNA was extracted and labeled for hybridiz...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00312.x
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Horvat and coauthors report on trends in living kidney transplantation in 69 countries, having assembled the data from registries, national societies, the medical literature, and direct contact with transplant centers. Assembling worldwide data on live-donor kidney transplants is a commendable accomplishment that serv...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2009.23
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:International clinical practice guidelines for the management of anemia in chronic kidney disease suggest target hemoglobin levels ≤ 11.5 g/dl (115 g/l), with individualized consideration of slightly higher hemoglobin targets to improve quality of life. An updated meta-analysis of randomized trials demonstrates no sig...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2016.03.001
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data from the national French Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (REIN) registry were used to compare survival between transplant recipients under age 65 who resumed dialysis after graft failure during 2007-2009 and transplant-naïve incident dialysis patients matched for age, gender, diabetes mellitus, and yea...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2014.6
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thrombomodulin (TM), an endothelial receptor for thrombin, endowed with a powerful anticoagulant activity, plays an important role in the antithrombogenicity of the vascular endothelium. Its presence within the human renal glomerulus is already known but was thought to be only endothelial. We looked for TM expression ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1997.99
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Podocytes are highly differentiated cells that play an important role in maintaining glomerular filtration barrier integrity; a function regulated by small GTPase proteins of the Rho family. To investigate the role of Rho A in podocyte biology, we created transgenic mice expressing doxycycline-inducible constitutively...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2011.472
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present studies were undertaken to assess the effects of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine (NECA), an adenosine analogue, on erythropoietin (Epo) production. NECA (0.05 and 0.1 mumol/kg i.v.) produced significant increases in serum Epo levels (368.8 +/- 56.1 and 384.6 +/- 45.9 mU/ml, respectively) in exhypoxic polycy...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1993.307
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:E-64d, a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor, was tested for its ability to inhibit PTH-induced contraction in intact mouse MC-3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. Incubation of MC-3T3-E1 cells with vehicle (DMSO) or E-64c, a nonpermeant cysteine protease inhibitor, in the presence or in the absence of PTH had no eff...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1993.99
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the circulating levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-6, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and their expression in kidneys acutely infected with murine malaria parasite...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.1998.00848.x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication of cardiac bypass surgery. We examined whether levels of liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) can be an early biomarker for ischemic injury by measuring this protein in the urine of 40 pediatric patients prior to and following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. AKI w...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002721
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rodents, mercuric chloride (HgCl2) causes an autoimmune disorder with glomerulonephritis (GN), and represents an animal model for the pathogenesis of GN. We have tested the hypothesis that HgCl2 induces major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression in renal parenchymal cells, and studied the kinetics of this in...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1991.33
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, the in vivo pathogenic role of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA) in ANCA-associated vasculitis has been challenged by Abdel-Salam et al. In their report, they observed that ANCA directed against proteinase 3 (PR3) cannot bind to their target autoantigen PR3 on circulating neutrophils ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00431.x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity has been suggested to have a detrimental impact on kidney structure and function, leading to focal glomerulosclerosis and hypertension. It is also associated with hyperleptinemia and elevated renal sympathetic nerve activity. Prenatal undernutrition promotes postnatal obesity, hypertension, and an altered rena...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002276
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by systemic vasculitis with crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and circulating autoantibodies directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA). Proteinase 3 (PR-3), a neutral serine proteinase in neutrophils implicated in the growth control of myeloid ce...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00100.x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular mechanism of Na+ and phosphate transport by the intestinal brush border membrane Na+/phosphate cotransporter was examined using anion and cation exchange columns interfaced to a light-activated microsecond timer. The nature of ion:cotransporter interaction was examined for sensitivity to itself versus no...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1996.141
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
