Molecular evolution of GPCRs: GLP1/GLP1 receptors.

abstract：:Human galanin (hGal) is an important neuro-modulator present in the brain, gastrointestinal system and the hypothalamo-pituitary axis. A specific receptor for hGal has been identified in various areas in human brain. A single class of high affinity binding sites was found on plasma membranes of the amygdala (Kd 0.23 n...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Walli R,Schäfer H,Morys-Wortmann C,Paetzold G,Nustede R,Schmidt WE

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CRH and its structurally related peptide urocortin (Ucn) are released under stress. Ucn is a potent agonist for CRH-receptor 2 (CRH-R2), which is strongly expressed in rodent heart. Stress induces Ucn mRNA expression in the heart, where it may be cardioprotective. However, increasing evidence indicates that Ucn may al...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Huang M,Kempuraj D,Papadopoulou N,Kourelis T,Donelan J,Manola A,Theoharides TC

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human progesterone receptor (PR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor and two isoforms, (PRA and PRB), can be distinguished. PROGINS, a PR polymorphic variant, affects PRA and PRB and acts as a risk-modulating factor in several gynaecological disorders. Little is known about the functional consequences of th...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Romano A,Delvoux B,Fischer DC,Groothuis P

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreased suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) activity in human gestational tissues may play a part in the onset/progression of term labor. Since SOCS proteins negatively regulate cytokine-mediated inflammatory processes, we hypothesized that SOCS proteins are elevated in gestational tissues from spontaneous pret...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Blumenstein M,Keelan JA,Bowen-Shauver JM,Mitchell MD

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nona-peptide oxytocin (OT) induces contraction of the myometrium by interaction with specific plasma membrane associated OT receptors (OTR), whereas stimulation of beta2-adrenoceptors (beta2AR) causes relaxation. Homologous desensitization of the myometrium to both hormones has been described. However, a possible ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Engstrøm T,Bratholm P,Vilhardt H,Christensen NJ

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 15 years, single-cell technologies have become robust and indispensable tools to investigate cell heterogeneity. Beyond transcriptomic, genomic and epigenome analyses, technologies are constantly evolving, in particular toward multi-omics, where analyses of different source materials from a single cell are...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Cheung LYM,Rizzoti K

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene related to anergy in lymphocytes (GRAIL) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates energy in T-lymphocytes. Whereas, the relevance of GRAIL to T lymphocyte function is well established, the role of this protein in other cell types remains unknown. Given that GRAIL is abundant in the liver, we investigated the pote...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Nakamichi S,Senga Y,Inoue H,Emi A,Matsuki Y,Watanabe E,Hiramatsu R,Ogawa W,Kasuga M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To capture immediate cellular changes during diet-induced expansion of adipocyte cell volume and number, we characterized mature adipocytes during a short-term high-fat diet (HFD) intervention. Male C57BL6/J mice were fed chow diet, and then switched to HFD for 2, 4, 6 or 14 days. Systemic glucose clearance was assess...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Hansson B,Wasserstrom S,Morén B,Periwal V,Vikman P,Cushman SW,Göransson O,Storm P,Stenkula KG

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproductive function in mammals is energetically costly and therefore tightly regulated by nutritional status. To enable this integration of metabolic and reproductive function, information regarding peripheral nutritional status must be relayed centrally to the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH) neurons that driv...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Evans MC,Anderson GM

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) mediates inhibition of hormone secretion and cell proliferation, and modulates neurotransmission. Its expression is widespread in various normal tissues and many malignant cells, and is up-regulated by estrogen in breast cancer cells. This study was undertaken to investigate ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Kimura N,Takamatsu N,Yaoita Y,Osamura RY,Kimura N

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Granulosa cells were prepared from small follicles (less than 3 mm) from the ovaries of 5-month-old gilts. They were cultured in plastic dishes coated with a synthetic adhesion peptide in a chemically defined medium supplemented with 2% serum substitute. After 3 days of culture, the cells reached confluence and expres...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Goxe B,Salesse R,Remy JJ,Genty N,Garnier J

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both 17beta-estradiol and prolactin play important roles in the mammary gland, raising the possibility of functional cross-talk between the two signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrate that estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) and -beta (ERbeta) are both able to potentiate transcription from a Stat5-responsive promoter w...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Björnström L,Kilic E,Norman M,Parker MG,Sjöberg M

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of castration and gonadal steroid replacement on the concentrations of LH-beta and alpha subunit and prolactin mRNA was examined in mice. Mouse LH-beta, alpha and prolactin mRNAs were approximately 0.8, 0.7 and 1.1 kb in size respectively. After ovariectomy, LH-beta mRNA levels increased 2- to 2.5-fold, whi...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Saade G,London DR,Lalloz MR,Clayton RN

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-like 3 (INSL3), a Leydig cell-specific hormone, is essential for testis descent during foetal life and bone metabolism in adults. Despite its essential roles in male reproductive and bone health, very little is known regarding its transcriptional regulation in Leydig cells. To date, few transcription factors h...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Tremblay MA,Mendoza-Villarroel RE,Robert NM,Bergeron F,Tremblay JJ

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of genes encoding corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and its receptor type-1 (CRF1R) and type-2alpha (CRF2R) has been studied in the brain of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and adrenalectomy (ADX). Diabetic rats had a lower body weight compared to control rats. Food and water intake w...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Huang Q,Timofeeva E,Richard D

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligonucleotide microarrays were used to analyse gene expression profiles in human ZR75-1 breast cancer cells in the presence of 17beta-oestradiol and oestrogen antagonists. Differential gene expression of a number of genes was confirmed by quantitative RNA analysis. In addition to known oestrogen-responsive genes, an...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Soulez M,Parker MG

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The contribution of hypothalamic appetite-regulating peptides to further hyperphagia accompanying the course of lactation in rats was investigated by using PCR array and real-time PCR. Furthermore, changes in the mRNA expression for appetite-regulating peptides in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) were analyzed a...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Suzuki Y,Nakahara K,Maruyama K,Okame R,Ensho T,Inoue Y,Murakami N

更新日期：2014-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The endogenous thyroid hormone (TH) metabolite 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine (3,5-T2) acts as a metabolically active substance affecting whole-body energy metabolism and hepatic lipid handling in a desirable manner. Considering possible adverse effects regarding thyromimetic action of 3,5-T2 treatment in rodents, the current...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Lietzow J,Golchert J,Homuth G,Völker U,Jonas W,Köhrle J

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse knockout of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) gene, known as alphaERKO, has been extensively used for several years to study the role and function of ERalpha. Residual estradiol binding capacity in uterine tissue of 5-10% raised doubts if this knockout is a genuine null mutation of ERalpha. Although alte...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Kos M,Denger S,Reid G,Korach KS,Gannon F

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Low levels of vitamin D are associated with high risk of myocardial infarction, even after controlling for factors associated with coronary artery disease. A growing body of evidence indicates that vitamin D plays an important role in CVD-relat...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Hlaing SM,Garcia LA,Contreras JR,Norris KC,Ferrini MG,Artaza JN

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphotropic hormone that belongs to a subfamily of endocrine FGFs with evolutionarily conserved functions in C. elegans and fruit flies. FAM20C phosphorylates FGF23 post-translationally, targeting to proteolysis through subtilisin-like proprotein convertase FURIN, resulting i...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Ho BB,Bergwitz C

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, the molecular mechanism underlying the up-regulatory effect of estradiol (E2) on mouse insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) promoter was investigated in CHO cells on which the same promoter had first been functionally characterized. The mouse IRS-1 promoter bears four consensus half Estrogen Resp...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Panno ML,Mauro L,Marsico S,Bellizzi D,Rizza P,Morelli C,Salerno M,Giordano F,Andò S

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study developed a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to measure estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) mRNA in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Using RT-PCR, and primers based on the known ERalpha DNA sequence in this species, cDNA sequences representing most of the pr...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Nagler JJ,Krisfalusi M,Cyr DG

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been demonstrated that transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and other members of TGFβ superfamily play an important role in thyroid proliferative diseases. The deficiencies of SMAD4 are responsible to accelerate the malignant progression of neoplastic lesions in several types of tumors. Therefore, the objective ...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： D'Inzeo S,Nicolussi A,Ricci A,Mancini P,Porcellini A,Nardi F,Coppa A

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metformin improves obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation, but has controversial effects on adipose tissue inflammation. The objective of the study is to examine the direct effect of metformin on adipocyte inflammatory responses and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adipocytes were differentiated from 3T3-L1 ce...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Qi T,Chen Y,Li H,Pei Y,Woo SL,Guo X,Zhao J,Qian X,Awika J,Huo Y,Wu C

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development and growth of prostate cancer is dependent on androgens; thus, the identification of androgen-regulated genes in prostate cancer cells is vital for defining the mechanisms of prostate cancer development and progression and developing new markers and targets for prostate cancer treatment. Glycine N-meth...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Ottaviani S,Brooke GN,O'Hanlon-Brown C,Waxman J,Ali S,Buluwela L

更新日期：2013-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A transgenic mouse line (EGF/Tag) has been established in which expression of SV40 T-antigen is directed by a 5.5 kb fragment of the 5'-flanking region of the mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) gene. Of the two principal sites of EGF expression in mice, submaxillary gland and kidney, T-antigen mRNA and protein were d...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Pascall IC,Surani MA,Barton SC,Vaughan TJ,Brown KD

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cloning and characterization of the mouse TRH receptor (TRH-R) gene revealed an untranslated exon (exon 1), a single intron and an upstream dinucleotide repeat sequence (d(TG)16.d(AG)21) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR). The coding region was contained almost entirely on a second exon (exon 2), with the final a...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Duthie SM,Taylor PL,Eidne KA

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine double minute clone 2 (MDM2) is a multifunctional protein, which modulates nuclear receptor-mediated transactivation. In this study, we show that MDM2 significantly enhanced estrogen receptor α (ERα) and ERα/specificity protein-mediated transactivation in MCF-7 and ZR-75 breast cancer cells. This was demonstrat...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Kim K,Burghardt R,Barhoumi R,Lee SO,Liu X,Safe S

更新日期：2011-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the functional significance of putative proteins encoded by alternately spliced mRNA of the sheep testicular FSH receptor, a short form cDNA comprising of the first four exons (117 residues mature protein) was engineered for expression in Escherichia coli. The expressed protein of molecular mass 15 kDa was p...

journal_title：Journal of molecular endocrinology

authors： Khan H,Jiang LG,Jayashree GN,Yarney TA,Sairam MR

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00