Abstract:
:STIMULI. The 1st-order stimuli are moving sine gratings. The 2nd-order stimuli are fields of static visual texture, whose contrasts are modulated by moving sine gratings. Neither the spatial slant (orientation) nor the direction of motion of these 2nd-order (microbalanced) stimuli can be detected by a Fourier analysis; they are invisible to Reichardt and motion-energy detectors. METHOD. For these dynamic stimuli, when presented both centrally and in an annular window extending from 8 to 10 deg in eccentricity, we measured the highest spatial frequency for which discrimination between +/- 45 deg texture slants and discrimination between opposite directions of motion were each possible. RESULTS. For sufficiently low spatial frequencies, slant and direction can be discriminated in both central and peripheral vision, for both 1st- and for 2nd-order stimuli. For both 1st- and 2nd-order stimuli, at both retinal locations, slant discrimination is possible at higher spatial frequencies than direction discrimination. For both 1st- and 2nd-order stimuli, motion resolution decreases 2-3 times more rapidly with eccentricity than does texture resolution. CONCLUSIONS. (1) 1st- and 2nd-order motion scale similarly with eccentricity. (2) 1st- and 2nd-order texture scale similarly with eccentricity. (3) The central/peripheral resolution fall-off is 2-3 times greater for motion than for texture.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Solomon JA,Sperling Gdoi
10.1016/0042-6989(94)e0077-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
59-64issue
1eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
0042698994E0077Xjournal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract::For rapidly translating targets, vernier thresholds correspond to millisecond asynchronies between targets. The 'temporal hypothesis' is that these thresholds reflect the limiting sensitivity of asynchrony detectors. Previous studies showed that temporal thresholds are generally higher than vernier thresholds, but fai...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00035-3
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motion aftereffects (MAE) to drifting gratings were measured with a cancellation technique. For a constant adapting grating, MAE cancellation velocity increased linearly with visual field eccentricity. The slope of the function was dependent upon adapting temporal frequency. MAE velocity was independent of spatial fre...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(85)90019-7
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macular degeneration results in heterogeneous central field loss (CFL) and often has asymmetrical effects in the two eyes. As such, it is not clear to what degree the movements of the two eyes are coordinated. To address this issue, we examined smooth pursuit quantitatively in CFL participants during binocular viewing...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2016.12.013
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When a colored line connects two black (or differently colored) lines across a gap, colored neon flanks are seen on either side of it. These flanks extend over gap sizes of 50 min arc foveally and are not explained by Bezold-type assimilation. They may be elicited by black lines as short as 6 min arc adjoining the col...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(84)90185-8
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate transporters in the tiger salamander retina were studied by autoradiographic and intracellular recording techniques. When the retina was incubated with 15 microM L-[3H]glutamate, photoreceptors and Muller cells were labeled, indicating that these cells had high-affinity glutamate uptake transporters. A much ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00231-3
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contrast matching function (CMF) is the reciprocal of test contrast that perceptually matches the contrast of standard pattern, measured as a function of test spatial frequency (SF). Achromatic CMFs usually flatten as the contrast of the standard is raised, and are broader than the achromatic, bandpass, contrast s...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00171-1
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences in macular pigment (MP) optical density (measured psychophysically) were examined. Concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin (L and Z) (non-separated) and beta-carotene (BC) in the blood were determined using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Dietary intake of L and Z, BC, fat, and ir...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00290-1
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In his study of depth from monocular elements, Kaye (1978) [Kaye, M. (1978). Stereopsis without binocular correlation. Vision Research, 18(8), 1013-1022] reported that monocular stimuli, briefly presented to one eye in a stereoscopic display, generated reliable depth percepts. Here we replicate and extend Kaye's findi...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.04.022
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When two sinusoidal gratings of the same orientation and similar spatial frequency are summed, the resulting pattern has a periodic spatial variation or beat in contrast. Although the pattern contains no luminance modulation component at the beat frequency, it behaves in some respects as if it did: human observers for...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90035-7
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The red-green (RG) detection mechanism was revealed by measuring threshold detection contours in the L and M cone contrast plane for sine-wave test gratings of 0.8-6 c deg-1 on bright adapting fields of yellow or red. The slope of the RG detection contours was unity, indicating that the L and M contrast signals contri...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00328-9
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured perceived motion smear when retinal image motion was created either by a physically moving object or by movement of the eyes or head. Consistent with previous reports, the extent of perceived motion smear during an eye or head movement is less than that produced by physical object motion when the eyes are ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2004.12.004
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In three experiments, the effects of irrelevant visual information on the time to initiate and to complete a simple movement of the hand in response to a visual signal were studied in patients with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, and in age-matched normal controls. Subjects gazed at the centre of a TV monitor and ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(97)00188-0
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the performance of human observers to identify three-dimensional (3D) shape from motion induced by exploratory head movements. Subjects categorized 3D quadratic surfaces with randomly chosen shape but with a fixed amount of curvature in one of eight shape categories. Human observers had their best performa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90151-l
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Holistic processing, the decoding of the global structure of a stimulus while the local parts are not explicitly represented, is a basic characteristic of object perception. The current study was aimed to test whether such a representation could be created even for objects that violate fundamental principles of spatia...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2013.10.001
更新日期:2013-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Spectral sensitivity was measured in freely moving, light adapted goldfish using a behavioral training technique. The curve reveals 3 pronounced maxima at 470, 540 and 660 nm. Compared with the absorption spectra of the cone photopigments with lambda max at 450, 530 and 625 nm, the maxima were much narrower and shifte...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(84)90177-9
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is possible to discriminate between grating contrasts over a 300-fold contrast range, whereas V1 neurons have very limited dynamic ranges. Using populations of model neurons with contrast-response parameters taken from electrophysiological studies (cat and macaque), we investigated ways of combining responses to co...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00277-3
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty patients with a reduced central vision due to diseases of the posterior pole were examined with the VERIS system developed by Sutter and Tran (Vis Res 1992;32:433-446) to characterize the topography of electroretinographic (ERG) changes in comparison to the results in 30 normal volunteers. Diagnoses included St...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00071-6
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temporal frequency discrimination was measured above threshold with a two-alternative spatial forced-choice procedure. Stimuli were two 1 deg homogeneous fields modulated around a mean luminance of 3.7 log trolands. Observers determined which of the two stimuli was modulated at a higher frequency. To avoid differences...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(84)90020-8
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a model and simulations of boundary assignment by cortical neurons, a process that assigns edges to figural image regions, as opposed to the background regions on the other side of the edge. The model is composed of several areas, resembling the hierarchical feedforward-feedback organization of areas in th...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.12.018
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An observer's ability to discriminate the angular direction of a moving grating depends on the grating orientation. Observers can more accurately judge the angular direction of vertical or horizontal gratings than oblique gratings. We discovered that this oblique effect becomes very large at high spatial frequencies i...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90233-m
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An application of an MOS-type solid-state imaging sensor to a television pupillometer is described. Its advantages over the conventional image-tube pupillometers using silicon vidicons are demonstrated with special emphasis on its excellent dynamics performance. Design considerations for an MOS-type solid-state TV cam...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(82)90200-0
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A common computation in visual cortex is the divisive normalization of responses by a pooled signal of the activity of cells within its neighborhood. From a geometrical point of view, normalization constraints the population response to high-contrast stimuli to lie on the surface of a high-dimensional sphere. Here we ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.12.007
更新日期:2010-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related maculopathy (ARM) remains a poorly understood degeneration. To discover new pathways using contemporary genomics, proteomics, and immunohistochemistry, validate emerging animal models, and validate new imaging modalities, human tissues obtained from donor eyes will be essential to ARM research for the fore...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.07.038
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiment uses a quadrature motion paradigm to investigate the motion correspondence cues used by young infants for coding the direction of motion of red/green isoluminant gratings. Three-month-old infants and adults were tested with 0.25 c/d luminance-modulated or red/green isoluminant gratings, either m...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00202-8
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated first-order artifacts in second-order motion perception. Subjects were required to identify the orientation and direction of a drifting sinusoidal contrast modulation. When the carrier consisted of static two-dimensional noise, performance often reflected the use of first-order artifacts that aris...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00147-2
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A change in the basic-level class when viewing a sequence of two objects produces a large release from adaptation in LOC compared to when the images are identical. Is this due to a change in semantics or shape? In an fMRI-adaptation experiment, subjects viewed a sequence of two objects and judged whether the stimuli w...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.06.020
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dependence of spatial frequency on accommodation has been investigated extensively. Recently, differences between myopes and emmetropes with respect to accommodative microfluctuations for high spatial frequency targets have been reported. Considering the diversity of accommodative responses (ARs) to sinusoidal gra...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.05.020
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we show that glutamate regulates the viability of cultured retinal cells upon transient glucose deprivation. At low concentrations (10-100 microM) glutamate decreased MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] reduction to about 50% of control and decreased intracellular ATP leve...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00309-6
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first study to demonstrate the selectivity of learning for contrast polarity. The finding is the main result of an investigation into the existence of central and peripheral vision mechanisms selective for contrast polarity within the texture-segregation process, using the perceptual learning paradigm in a...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.05.002
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some studies have reported deficits in amblyopia for global form and motion integration, whereas other studies have shown global integration of form and motion information to be normal in amblyopia. Here, we attempt to resolve this discrepancy by showing that amblyopes only exhibit selective performance deficits on gl...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.07.017
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00