Abstract：
:In three experiments, the effects of irrelevant visual information on the time to initiate and to complete a simple movement of the hand in response to a visual signal were studied in patients with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, and in age-matched normal controls. Subjects gazed at the centre of a TV monitor and were instructed to move their preferred hand from one metal plate to another as soon as a blue disc appeared in the centre of the screen. This control condition was compared with other conditions in which the surrounding area of the screen was simultaneously filled with fields of irrelevant discs, which in Experiment 1 were either stationary, or streamed out from or in towards the centre of the screen. Reaction times, but not movement times, were significantly slowed in the patients (but not the controls) by the irrelevant disc fields. When the irrelevant dots were continuously present (between as well as within trials--Experiment 2), they had no effect on RT. When they were present between trials, but turned off as the movement signal was turned on, RT was again slowed in patients. The results are discussed in relation to the akinesia ("freezing") experienced by some patients in confined spaces (such as doorways), and to possible abnormalities of visual cortical and striato-nigro-collicular activity.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
McDowell SA,Harris Jdoi
10.1016/S0042-6989(97)00188-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
3549-58issue
24eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(97)00188-0journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:In a series of experiments we compared orientation discrimination performance for Gabor stimuli in which the stimulus profile was either matched to the receptive field profile of single V1 simple cells ('simple'), or in which the carrier and envelope orientations were different ('tigertails'). In the first Experiment,...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00015-8
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three experiments of visual search for a cube (for a square pillar in Experiment 3) with an odd conjunction of orientation of faces and color (a cube with a red top face and a green right face among cubes with a green top face and a red right face, for example) showed that the search is made more efficient by arrangin...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00300-6
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perception of directional motion was studied by displaying two images (F1 and F2) in rapid succession. The two images were identical except for a horizontal displacement of F2 with respect to F1. Observers reported the direction of horizontal motion over a wide range of displacements. The stimuli in Experiment 1 were ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(90)90008-9
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromatic induction from patterned backgrounds depends on the spatial as well as the chromatic aspects of the background light. Color appearance with patterned and uniform backgrounds was compared using chromaticities distinguished by only the S cones; all backgrounds were equivalent to equal-energy white in terms of ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.11.004
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If two demarcated dots are embedded in separate clusters of similar dots in off centre positions, their perceived separation is biased towards the separation between the centres of the clusters (Morgan, Hole, & Glennerster, 1990). We replicated these results and went on to determine whether a similar bias is present f...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.02.010
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our purpose was to perform a systematic study of the post-four-muscle-tenotomy procedure changes in target acquisition time by comparing predictions from the behavioral ocular motor system (OMS) model and data from infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) patients. We studied five INS patients who underwent only tenotomy at...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.03.007
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared sensitivity to first-order versus second-order local motion in patients treated for dense central congenital cataracts in one or both eyes. Amplitude modulation thresholds were measured for discriminating the direction of motion of luminance-modulated (first-order) and contrast modulated (second-order) hor...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.11.019
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thresholds for identifying the direction of second-order motion (contrast-modulated dynamic noise) are consistently higher than those for identifying spatial orientation, unlike first-order gratings for which the two thresholds are typically the same. Two explanations of this phenomenon have been proposed: either firs...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.02.005
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Observers viewed 200 msec presentations of gratings containing first (0.5 c/deg) and third (1.5 c/deg) harmonic components. The phase of the third harmonic and the absolute position of the grating on the screen varied randomly from trial to trial. Classification of the phase relation (0, 90, 180 or 270 deg was 99% per...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(84)90157-3
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of experiments were conducted to investigate the interaction of the ON and OFF pathways in the processing of global-motion signals. The stimulus employed was a variant of that used by Newsome and Pare [(1988) Journal of Neuroscience, 8, 2201-2211] in which a small subset of dots move in a common (global-motio...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)90054-x
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The widespread nature of diabetes affects all organ systems of an individual including the bone marrow. Long-term damage to the cellular and extracellular components of the bone marrow leads to a rapid decline in the bone marrow-hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HS/PCs) compartment. This review will highlight the i...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2017.06.016
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wide range of rest/stimulus cycle durations (40-360 sec) is reported to have been used by various groups for MRI neuroactivation studies of the visual cortex. In this paper we demonstrate a clear habituation-like response for longer cycle durations which results in a halving of apparent activation between cycle dura...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)85231-5
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A coordinated movement of the eyes and head in the head-unrestrained condition is often used to change orientation between targets. Under natural conditions, these gaze shifts are typically generated with the eyes roughly centered in the orbits. To achieve experimental control of eye and head positions, a miniature la...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00054-2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gratings that differ in orientation by as much as 62.5 deg from that of a signal grating raise the signal's threshold by nearly a log unit. The spatial-frequency tuning of the masking effect reaches a maximum slightly below the spatial frequency of the maskers but far from that of any quadratic distortion product. Fur...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(89)90127-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The orientation of the median plane of the eye with respect to the head varies with gaze direction according to Listing's Law. The subjective vertical (SV), however, is known to be only partially affected by these involuntary variations of eye orientation. In order to learn more about the compensatory process underlyi...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(90)90041-i
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used identification at threshold to systematically measure binding costs in two visual modalities. We presented a conjunction of two features as a signal stimulus and concurrently measured detection and identification performance as a function of three threshold variables: duration, contrast and coherence. Discrepa...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.03.022
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This brief review article brings together a series of related experiments in psychophysics and physiology that show striking similarities between measurements in human observers and in single neurons. We consider seven pairs of primary research articles, each pair consisting of one paper in physiology and one in psych...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.02.002
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of binocular disparate targets on the perceived visual direction of adjacent monocular targets has been termed "binocular capture". The magnitude of capture increases significantly with increasing vertical separation between monocular targets. This study sets out to elucidate the interaction between spat...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2011.09.011
更新日期：2011-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:A technique of multi-input systems analysis is used to explore the field topography of ERG responses to local luminance modulation. Variations in amplitude and wave form are studied within the central 23 degrees. Outside the fovea, the amplitude appears to follow a simple power law rx as a function of eccentricity r w...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(92)90235-b
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that a LATER (Linear Approach to Threshold with Ergodic Rate) race model can be used to explain saccadic target selection and latencies. The goal of the present study was to determine whether a comparable model could be applied to the underlying decision-making processes involved in target ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.09.034
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A global shape judgement task was used to investigate the combination of stereopsis and kinetic depth. With both cues present, there were no distortions of shape perception, even under conditions where either cue alone did show such distortions. We suggest that the addition of motion information overcomes the stereo d...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)90106-6
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the performance of human observers to identify three-dimensional (3D) shape from motion induced by exploratory head movements. Subjects categorized 3D quadratic surfaces with randomly chosen shape but with a fixed amount of curvature in one of eight shape categories. Human observers had their best performa...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(93)90151-l
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The selectivities of neurons in primary visual cortex are often considered to be adapted to the statistics of natural images. Accordingly, simple cell-like tuning emerges when unsupervised learning models that seek sparse representations of input probabilities are trained on natural scenes. However, orientation tuning...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2007.07.023
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some results from a survey of 43 patients who had a monofocal intra-ocular-lens (IOL) in one eye and a concentric bifocal intra-ocular-lens in the fellow eye are reported. Twenty patients with 6/9 or better post-operative visual acuity in both eyes, participated in the main part of the study. Optical transfer function...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00447-1
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Edge integration refers to a hypothetical process by which the visual system combines information about the local contrast, or luminance ratios, at luminance borders within an image to compute a scale of relative reflectances for the regions between the borders. The results of three achromatic color matching experimen...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.12.004
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been known for some time that visual acuity in amblyopia is higher for single letters than for letters in a row (termed crowding). Early work showed that this could not be accounted for on the basis of the destructive interaction of adjacent contours (termed contour interaction), which was shown to be, in resol...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00099-2
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Experiment 1 we investigated the independent and combined effects of horizontal OKN of stationary edges and occlusion of the central retina. For a display 60 degrees wide moving at 30 degrees/sec a symmetrically placed pair of vertical nonoccluding bars suppressed OKN when near the center of the display but had no ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(86)90049-0
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dark-adapted rods suppress cone-mediated flicker detection. This study evaluates the effect that rod activity has on cone temporal processing by investigating whether rod mediated suppression changes the cone pathway impulse response function, regardless of the form of the temporal signal. Stimuli were generated with ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.04.003
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We measured thresholds for detecting the direction of curvature in slightly bent stimuli such as arcs and sinusoidal lines, and the direction of bend in chevrons and trapezoids in an initial experiment. Stimulus length varied over a wide range from 8.3 to 267 min arc. For sufficiently long stimuli, the angle between t...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(95)00340-1
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sand deserts are common biotopes on the earth's surface. Some specialized vertebrate species have colonized these ecological habitats by living buried in the sand. Among these so called psammophilic species are the Scincidae sand dune living species Scincus scincus and Eumeces schneideri. These two skinks share a rela...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2020.04.004
更新日期：2020-04-28 00:00:00
